Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Karen Pinho Moriya.pdf: 25944621 bytes, checksum: d482bd27efc41ad887d4ee306103cc19 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-28 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work has as its object of analysis the manga japanese comics comic book titled Kozure Ookami, in its literal translation, The Wolf with his Cub, by Kazuo Koike and Goseki Kojima, created and published in Japan from 1970 to 1976. The goal of this study was the search for an understanding of the process of penetration and acting that manga does in society and how they are problematizadas different dimensions and social practices, as well as the subject, their collisions and clashes that permeate the narratives and social roles that these represent these. The choice of this manga as source search gave for its uniqueness and richness as a narrative, offering a infinity of possibilities for historical study. Extends the basic comics, this research was to identify and highlight social practices, collisions, aspirations, values and sensitivities that are present in the worldview of Koike and Kojima, while historical subjects who experience their experiences, inserted within the social fabricin a dialogicidade relationship with his own time and everyday life. Contrasting with the font used, the analysis was conducted using various documents, and can thus capture stays, ruptures and resistance that were present in Japanese society of post-World War II, characterized by large-scale process of capitalist development / Este trabalho tem como objeto de análise o mangá revista em quadrinhos japonesa intitulado Kozure Ookami, em sua tradução literal, O Lobo Acompanhado de seu Filhote, de autoria de Kazuo Koike e Goseki Kojima, criado e publicado no Japão, de 1970 a 1976. O objetivo deste estudo foi a busca por um entendimento sobre o processo de penetração e atuação que o mangá realiza na sociedade e como são problematizadas as diferentes dimensões e práticas sociais presentes, assim como os sujeitos, seus embates e os enfrentamentos que permeiam as narrativas e os papéis sociais que estes representam nestas. A escolha deste mangá como fonte de pesquisa se deu por sua singularidade e riqueza como veículo narrativo, oferecendo uma infinidade de possibilidades para o estudo histórico. Partindo dos quadrinhos base desta pesquisa, foi possível identificar e evidenciar práticas sociais diversas, embates, anseios, valores e sensibilidades que estão presentes na visão de mundo de Koike e Kojima, enquanto sujeitos históricos que vivenciam suas experiências, inseridos dentro do tecido social, numa relação de dialogicidade com sua própria época e cotidiano. Contrapondo com a fonte utilizada, a análise foi realizada utilizando documentos diversos, sendo possível assim, captar permanências, rupturas e resistências que estavam presentes na sociedade japonesa do pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial, caracterizada pelo processo em larga escala de desenvolvimento capitalista

The boxicity of a graph G, denoted as box(G), is the minimum dimension d for which each vertex of G can be mapped to a d-dimensional axis-parallel box in Rd such that two boxes intersect if and only if the corresponding vertices of G are adjacent. An axis-parallel box is a generalized rectangle with sides parallel to the coordinate axes. If additionally, we restrict all sides of the rectangle to be of unit length, the new parameter so obtained is called the cubicity of the graph G, denoted by cub(G). F.S. Roberts had shown that for a graph G with n vertices, box(G) ≤ and cub(G) ≤ . A minimum vertex cover of a graph G is a minimum cardinality subset S of the vertex set of G such that each edge of G has at least one endpoint in S. We show that box(G) ≤ +1 and cub(G)≤ t+ ⌈log2(n −t)⌉−1 where t is the cardinality of a minimum vertex cover. Both these bounds are tight. For a bipartite graph G, we show that box(G) ≤ and this bound is tight. We observe that there exist graphs of very high boxicity but with very low chromatic num-ber. For example, there exist bipartite (2 colorable) graphs with boxicity equal to . Interestingly, if boxicity is very close to , then the chromatic number also has to be very high. In particular, we show that if box(G) = −s, s ≥ 02, then x(G) ≥ where X(G) is the chromatic number of G. We also discuss some known techniques for findingan upper boundon the boxicityof a graph -representing the graph as the intersection of graphs with boxicity 1 (boxicity 1 graphs are known as interval graphs) and covering the complement of the graph by co-interval graphs (a co-interval graph is the complement of an interval graph).

Knowledge about a species’ reproductive parameters such as breeding behaviours is a vital building block for essential conservation actions, especially for endangered species. Despite this, there is a considerable knowledge gap about the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) maternal behaviours, as well as the timing of den independence for the cubs. It has been assumed that female snow leopards change their behaviours post-denning and that the cubs leave their den together with their mothers around two to three months of age. However, until this day no quantitative data has been used to analyse female behaviours post-denning and when the cubs leave their den. I analysed pre- and post-denning activity for seven GPS-collared snow leopard females in Tost Mountains of southern Mongolia during the years 2010 to 2019. With linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models, I found that female snow leopards with small cubs changed their behavioural patterns and space use by decreasing their monthly home range size, compared to females with older or no cubs. When the cubs became six months old, there were no detectable differences in these behaviours which suggests that the cubs started to travel continuously with their mother at the age of 5-6 months. The rate at which the collars successfully acquired positions decreased considerably during the early phase of denning when the female spent considerable time at the den sites where the collars could not communicate with the satellites. The age of the cubs when the female left the den ranged from 21-61 days (mean =44 days), suggesting that snow leopard females use their dens for 1.5 ± 0.5 months. This study provides the first estimate of the extent of den use by snow leopards, as well as the first estimates of post-denning behavioural patterns for snow leopard females and their cubs.

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