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La Mitteleuropa et son processus de métamorphose dans la littérature contemporaine / The Mitteleuropa and its process of metamorphosis in the contemporary literatureFiatti, Igor 20 January 2012 (has links)
La Mitteleuropa a été façonnée, déformée, instrumentalisée autant par les protagonistes que par les figurants des rebonds stochastiques de l'Histoire. Ainsi, dans son incessante métamorphose mythisante, dans son existentiel être flou, dans sa tension entre centre et périphérie, entre littérature "majeure" et littérature "mineure", entre Occident et Orient, s'est manifestée une confusion plus profonde et plus enracinée que la sémantique : une confusion ontologique. Cela est encore plus évident là où l'atomisation de la Vielfalt, de la multiplicité kafkanienne, a atteint son acmé – c’est-à-dire dans les régions frontalières des nations qui sont nées sur le territoire de la Double Monarchie austro-hongroise. Cette étude l'a vérifié suivant les sentiers littéraires centro-européens, un parcours qui, à partir du mythe habsbourgeois, de la saga k.u.k de Joseph Roth, a conflué dans la Mitteleuropa des confins et des frontières. C'est la labilité riche et dépaysée de l' "être du milieu", pénétrant dans les espaces métaphysiques de la nappe danubienne, dans les espaces du mythe (d'un Empire qui fut). / The Mitteleuropa has been molded, deformed, exploited as much by the protagonists as by the crowd people of our history. Therefore, in its incessant metamorphosis, in its flou existential being, in its tension between center and periphery, between "major" end "minor" literature, between West and East, it's showed itself as a deep-rooted confusion: an ontological confusion. This study has found such disarray along a walk among the literary paths of central Europe, a way that, from the Habsburg myth, from the saga k.u.k of Joseph Roth, meets the Mitteleuropa of the borders, the Mitteleuropa of the frontiers.
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REGIÕES CULTURAIS: A CONSTRUÇÃO DE IDENTIDADES CULTURAIS NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL E SUA MANIFESTAÇÃO NA PAISAGEM GAÚCHA / CULTURAL REGION: THE CONSTRUCTION OF CULTURAL IDENTITIES IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL AND ITS MANIFESTATION IN THE REGIONAL LANDSCAPEBrum Neto, Helena 24 October 2007 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The organization of the space analyzed by a cultural view allows us to visualize a range of material and immaterial aspects that go by the time and they materialize in the space, as a cultural legacy, that shows itself through the descent. In that perspective, this research is centered in the analysis of the construction of cultural identities in Rio Grande do Sul and its manifestation in the gaúcho landscape, pointing out the main existent cultural areas now in the State. For so, it was started from the
theoretical rescue which based the guiding concepts of the research, centered in the culture conception, as a concept-key for the Cultural Geography. It was also approached subjects as identity, codes, migrations, landscape and cultural area. The rescue of the occupation processes and
colonization that populated the territory turned into an essential phase for the understanding of its current social cultural structuring, allowing us to verify the transformations happened in the space and expressed in the landscape through the different ethnic groups by the insert of new cultural codes. Our main goal was to regionalize the State by cultural criteria, in other words, to establish space cuttings in agreement with the predominant ethnic group, having as base the municipal limits. For so, it was created a database concerning the main ethnic groups, formers of the 496 municipal districts that compose the State. With this information, it was made the insert in the Arc View GIS 3.1a software, which made that proposal of cultural regionalization operational. As a result four space cuttings were individualized: the cultural area 1 (of native origin, Portuguese, Spaniard, African and Açoriana), the cultural area 2 (German), the cultural area 3 (Italian) and the cultural area 4 (mixed). Besides the cultural areas, cultural islands were individualized in the State, by the presence of a predominant ethnic group, but that doesn't constitute a region due to the "ethnic isolation" of its surroundings,
composed by other cultures. Delineated the regional cuttings, it was made the analysis of the cultural
areas, in agreement with the expressiveness and the manifestation of the symbolic system that accompanies each society in its relation with the space and people. In agreement with the work proposal, this research was structured in five chapters, plus the introduction and of the final considerations: the chapter 1 refers to the theoretical rescue; in the chapter 2 the methodology is
emphasized; the chapter 3 approaches the pertinent subjects the first phase of settlement of the State;
the chapter 4 analyzes the colonization process, with emphasis for the immigration German, Italian and mixed; the chapter 5 identifies the cultural areas that compose Rio Grande do Sul now. It is pointed out that, the principal cultural codes identification that emanate of each social group made the analysis of the contribution of each ethnic group for the construction of the gaúcho culture possible. In that context, it can be considered the complexity of the ethnic-cultural composition of the gaúcho territory, originating from the population flows, which were inserted by processes controlled by specific politics of incentive to the settlement and the colonization. Such situation originated portions of the
space endowed with meanings that, in turn form a cultural plurality, in other words, nowadays, the State is constituted in a ethnic-cultural mosaic, composed by diversified ethnic groups, at the same time that are recognized as essentially gaúchos . / A organização do espaço analisada pelo viés cultural permite visualizar uma gama de aspectos materiais e imateriais que perpassam o tempo e se materializam no espaço, como um legado cultural, que se manifesta através da descendência. Nessa perspectiva, essa pesquisa centra-se na análise
da construção de identidades culturais no Rio Grande do Sul e sua manifestação na paisagem gaúcha, salientando as principais regiões culturais existentes no Estado atualmente. Para tanto, partiu-se do resgate teórico o qual fundamentou os conceitos orientadores da pesquisa, centrados na
concepção de cultura, como conceito-chave para a Geografia Cultural. Também se abordou questões como identidade, códigos, migrações, paisagem e região cultural. O resgate dos processos de ocupação e colonização que povoaram o território gaúcho constituiu-se em uma fase essencial para
entender a sua atual estruturação sociocultural, permitindo verificar as transformações ocorridas no espaço e expressas na paisagem pelas distintas etnias mediante a inserção de novos códigos culturais. Teve-se como meta regionalizar o Estado mediante critérios culturais, ou seja, estabelecer
recortes espaciais de acordo com a etnia predominante, tendo como base os limites municipais. Para tanto, criou-se um banco de dados referente à principal etnia formadora dos 496 municípios que compõem o Estado. De posse dessas informações fez-se a inserção no software Arc View GIS 3.1a,
o qual operacionalizou essa proposta de regionalização cultural. Como resultado individualizou-se quatro recortes espaciais: a região cultural 1 (de origem nativa, portuguesa, espanhola, africana e açoriana), a região cultural 2 (alemã), a região cultural 3 (italiana) e a região cultural 4 (mista). Além
das regiões culturais, individualizaram-se ilhas culturais no Estado, pela presença de uma etnia predominante, mas que não constitui uma região devido ao isolamento étnico do seu entorno, composto por outras culturas. Delineados os recortes regionais, fez-se a análise das regiões culturais,
de acordo com a expressividade e a manifestação do sistema simbólico que acompanha cada sociedade em sua relação com o espaço e com os seus semelhantes. De acordo com a proposta de trabalho, essa pesquisa estruturou-se em cinco capítulos além da introdução e das considerações finais: o capítulo 1 refere-se ao resgate teórico; no capítulo 2 enfatiza-se a metodologia; o capítulo 3 aborda as questões pertinentes a primeira fase de povoamento do Estado; o capítulo 4 analisa o processo de colonização, com ênfase para a imigração alemã, italiana e mista; o capítulo 5 identifica
as regiões culturais que compõe o Rio Grande do Sul atualmente. Salienta-se que, a identificação dos principais códigos culturais que emanam de cada grupo social, subsidiou a análise da contribuição de cada etnia para a construção da cultura gaúcha. Nesse contexto, pode-se considerar a complexidade da composição étno-cultural do território gaúcho, oriunda de fluxos populacionais, que se inseriram
mediante processos controlados por políticas específicas de incentivo ao povoamento e a colonização. Tal situação originou porções do espaço dotadas de significados que, por sua vez formam uma pluralidade cultural, ou seja, atualmente, o Estado constitui-se em um mosaico étnocultural, composto por etnias diversificadas, ao mesmo tempo em que se reconhecem como essencialmente gaúchas.
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Obraz venkovanství v české a polské próze 60. let 20. století (interpretace vybraných literárních děl) / View of rurality in Czech and Polish prose in 1960s (interpretation of selected literary works)Bramborová, Marcela January 2016 (has links)
The subject matter of this thesis is the presentation of a typology of rural imagery based on a thematic and interpretative analysis of Polish and Czech literary texts from the 1960s with respect to the ongoing changes made to the original romantic-realist concept of the rural novel. The analysis of specific literary works (Sekyra by Ludvík Vaculík, Smuteční slavnost by Eva Kantůrková, and Čas kopřiv by Josef Knap from Czech literature, and, from Polish literature, Opadaný sad by Wiesław Myśliwski, the novels Na slunci by Julian Kawalec and … až budeš králem, až budeš katem… by Tadeusz Nowak) permits us to create a basic register of elements of rural narrativity which, however, Czech and Polish literatures have different perspectives on. Through this dichotomy we present typical narratives contained in the Czech and Polish rural novel of the given period. The subsequent interpretative analysis of the texts takes inspiration from contemporary narratology with special attention to the narrator and time categories, and by extension to the interplay of these categories with individual themes, symbols and topoi.
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