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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Papel da RAB2A, RAB5A, RAB17 e RAB18 na função efetora de células citotóxicas. / Role of RAB2A, RAB5A, RAB17 andRAB18 in effector functions of cytotoxic cells.

Vieira, Narciso Junior 24 November 2016 (has links)
Linfócitos T CD8 e células NK atuam no combate à infecções por bactérias intracelulares, vírus e células tumorais, provocando a morte dessas células por meio da secreção de grânulos citotóxicos. Proteínas RAB GTPase têm se destacado em estudos de tráfego intracelular, porém, são escassos dados sobre o papel destas proteínas em células citóxicas. Um estudo prospectivo de proteômica realizado por nosso grupo identificou a RAB2A, RAB5A, RAB17 e RAB18 em grânulos citotóxicos. Análises mais aprofundadas revelaram que a RAB2A está associada a proteínas como LAMP-1 e LAMP-2, enquanto que RAB5A, RAB17 e RAB18 estavam presentes na mesma linhagem em um contexto não contemplado neste estudo. Desenvolvemos ainda uma abordagem de silenciamento gênico da RAB2A, e por fim, adaptamos uma série de protocolos de simples execução e baixo custo para avaliar funções efetoras de células NK. O conhecimento da maquinaria secretória é fundamental, uma vez que defeitos nas vias de tráfego intracelular constituem a base de um grande número de doenças que desencadeiam quadros fatais. / CD8 T lymphocytes and NK cells fight against infections by intracellular bacteria, viruses and tumor cells by killing those cells through the secretion of cytotoxic granules. RAB GTPase has been highlighted in studies of intracellular trafficking, however there are scarce reports regarding the role of these proteins in cytotoxic cells. A proteomic study performed by our group identified RAB2A, RAB5A, RAB17 and RAB18 in cytotoxic granules. Further analysis revealed that RAB2A is associated with LAMP-1 and LAMP-2, while RAB5A, RAB17 and RAB18 were present in the same cell line, but in a context not included in this study. We also have developed a gene silencing approach for RAB2A and adapted a number of protocols, simple and low-cost, that can be used to evaluate effector functions of natural killer cells The knowledge of secretory machinery involved in the movement cytotoxic granules of cytotoxic cells is critical, since defects in intracellular trafficking pathways constitute the basis for a large number of diseases which trigger death.
2

Papel da RAB2A, RAB5A, RAB17 e RAB18 na função efetora de células citotóxicas. / Role of RAB2A, RAB5A, RAB17 andRAB18 in effector functions of cytotoxic cells.

Narciso Junior Vieira 24 November 2016 (has links)
Linfócitos T CD8 e células NK atuam no combate à infecções por bactérias intracelulares, vírus e células tumorais, provocando a morte dessas células por meio da secreção de grânulos citotóxicos. Proteínas RAB GTPase têm se destacado em estudos de tráfego intracelular, porém, são escassos dados sobre o papel destas proteínas em células citóxicas. Um estudo prospectivo de proteômica realizado por nosso grupo identificou a RAB2A, RAB5A, RAB17 e RAB18 em grânulos citotóxicos. Análises mais aprofundadas revelaram que a RAB2A está associada a proteínas como LAMP-1 e LAMP-2, enquanto que RAB5A, RAB17 e RAB18 estavam presentes na mesma linhagem em um contexto não contemplado neste estudo. Desenvolvemos ainda uma abordagem de silenciamento gênico da RAB2A, e por fim, adaptamos uma série de protocolos de simples execução e baixo custo para avaliar funções efetoras de células NK. O conhecimento da maquinaria secretória é fundamental, uma vez que defeitos nas vias de tráfego intracelular constituem a base de um grande número de doenças que desencadeiam quadros fatais. / CD8 T lymphocytes and NK cells fight against infections by intracellular bacteria, viruses and tumor cells by killing those cells through the secretion of cytotoxic granules. RAB GTPase has been highlighted in studies of intracellular trafficking, however there are scarce reports regarding the role of these proteins in cytotoxic cells. A proteomic study performed by our group identified RAB2A, RAB5A, RAB17 and RAB18 in cytotoxic granules. Further analysis revealed that RAB2A is associated with LAMP-1 and LAMP-2, while RAB5A, RAB17 and RAB18 were present in the same cell line, but in a context not included in this study. We also have developed a gene silencing approach for RAB2A and adapted a number of protocols, simple and low-cost, that can be used to evaluate effector functions of natural killer cells The knowledge of secretory machinery involved in the movement cytotoxic granules of cytotoxic cells is critical, since defects in intracellular trafficking pathways constitute the basis for a large number of diseases which trigger death.
3

Novo papel da galectina-1 como molécula efetora de células citotóxicas. / New role for galectin-1 as effector molecule of cytotoxic cells.

Machado, Tiago Clemente 18 March 2014 (has links)
A exocitose de grânulos secretórios é o principal mecanismo efetor de células TCD8+. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a composição dos grânulos líticos dessas células. Resultados prévios do nosso grupo identificaram algumas dezenas de novas proteínas desses grânulos. Dentre elas foi identificada Gal-1. A literatura relata que Gal-1 age por via exógena através de sua secreção por via não convencional. Dados iniciais do nosso grupo apontam um novo cenário para esta proteína no qual ela está presente em grânulos citotóxicos. Através das técnicas de microscopia eletrônica e confocal e de ensaios de citotoxicidade, nossos resultados sugerem que Gal-1 participa do papel citotóxico das CTLs modulando a via dos receptores de morte FAS-FASL. Nós também mostramos que Gal-1 interfere com o tempo de contato entre APCs e linfócitos TCD8+, com a ativação dessas células e com o controle da proliferação dos linfócitos. Nossos resultados apontam um novo cenário para Gal-1, no qual ela está presente em grânulos líticos das CTLs e está relacionada a resposta efetora dessas células. / Exocytosis of secretory granules is the main effector mechanism of CD8+ T cells. In particular, little is known about CTLs lytic granules composition. Previous results from our group identified a few dozens of new proteins associated with these granules. Among them, we identified galectin-1. Literature reports the extracellular action of Gal-1. Initial data from our group suggested a new scenario for this protein, since Gal-1 was found inside cytotoxic granules. Here, we show by transmission electron and confocal laser scanning microscopy and cytotoxicity assays that Gal-1 has a role on CTL killing probably mediating the FAS-FASL pathway. We also show that Gal-1 is regulates the time of contact between APCs and TCD8+ lymphocytes, the activation of APCs and the proliferation of CD8 T cells. Taken together, our findings suggest a new scenario, in which Gal-1 is present in CTL granules and participates in cytotoxic effector response.
4

Novo papel da galectina-1 como molécula efetora de células citotóxicas. / New role for galectin-1 as effector molecule of cytotoxic cells.

Tiago Clemente Machado 18 March 2014 (has links)
A exocitose de grânulos secretórios é o principal mecanismo efetor de células TCD8+. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a composição dos grânulos líticos dessas células. Resultados prévios do nosso grupo identificaram algumas dezenas de novas proteínas desses grânulos. Dentre elas foi identificada Gal-1. A literatura relata que Gal-1 age por via exógena através de sua secreção por via não convencional. Dados iniciais do nosso grupo apontam um novo cenário para esta proteína no qual ela está presente em grânulos citotóxicos. Através das técnicas de microscopia eletrônica e confocal e de ensaios de citotoxicidade, nossos resultados sugerem que Gal-1 participa do papel citotóxico das CTLs modulando a via dos receptores de morte FAS-FASL. Nós também mostramos que Gal-1 interfere com o tempo de contato entre APCs e linfócitos TCD8+, com a ativação dessas células e com o controle da proliferação dos linfócitos. Nossos resultados apontam um novo cenário para Gal-1, no qual ela está presente em grânulos líticos das CTLs e está relacionada a resposta efetora dessas células. / Exocytosis of secretory granules is the main effector mechanism of CD8+ T cells. In particular, little is known about CTLs lytic granules composition. Previous results from our group identified a few dozens of new proteins associated with these granules. Among them, we identified galectin-1. Literature reports the extracellular action of Gal-1. Initial data from our group suggested a new scenario for this protein, since Gal-1 was found inside cytotoxic granules. Here, we show by transmission electron and confocal laser scanning microscopy and cytotoxicity assays that Gal-1 has a role on CTL killing probably mediating the FAS-FASL pathway. We also show that Gal-1 is regulates the time of contact between APCs and TCD8+ lymphocytes, the activation of APCs and the proliferation of CD8 T cells. Taken together, our findings suggest a new scenario, in which Gal-1 is present in CTL granules and participates in cytotoxic effector response.
5

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF INTERLUEKIN-15 THERAPY FOR HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS

Jonathan William Cody (15321937) 19 April 2023 (has links)
<p>Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that promotes maintenance and activation of cytotoxic immune cells. Therapeutic IL-15 stimulates these cells to fight cancer and chronic infections, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Animal models of HIV have demonstrated that IL-15 agonists can suppress the virus, but this was transient and was not observed in all cohorts. We developed a mechanistic mathematical model of IL-15 therapy of HIV to explain these differences in efficacy and to explore solutions. First, the model was applied to evaluate mitigating factors, including immune regulation, viral escape, and drug tolerance, using Akaike Information Criterion.  We found that immune regulatory mechanisms could explain the viral rebound observed with continued IL-15 therapy. Next, the model was expanded to allow it to simultaneously explain both the transient viral suppression noted above and the lack of viral suppression observed in another animal cohort.  In this cohort, the model suggested that higher pre-treatment viral load came with higher activation of immune cells and a balancing regulatory inhibition of cytotoxicity. Finally, we conducted stability analysis at a range of IL-15 therapeutic strengths. While there was an ideal IL-15 strength, monotherapy could not maintain viral levels below what would clinically be considered to be safely controlled. Stable viral control in the model required the combination of IL-15 with blockade of key regulatory pathways. Immune therapy of complex diseases will likely require combinations of medicines that boost the immune response at multiple key points. Mathematical models like this can expedite development of these treatments.</p>

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