陳津華. / 稿本 (電脑打印本) / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學, 1990. / Gao ben (Dian nao da yuin ben) / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 176-183). / Copy 4: 33 cm. / Chen Jinhua. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1990. / 論文摘要 / 鳴 謝 / Chapter 第一章 --- 前言 --- p.1 / Chapter 甲 --- 本研究的意義 --- p.1 / Chapter 乙 --- 本硏究之目的 --- p.3 / Chapter 丙 --- 本研究的理論基礎 --- p.4 / Chapter 丁 --- 本研究的組織 --- p.10 / Chapter 戊 --- 本研究的方法 --- p.12 / Chapter (一) --- 九龍城寨範圍的界定 --- p.12 / Chapter (二) --- 資料來源 --- p.12 / Chapter (三) --- 抽樣的設計 --- p.14 / Chapter (四) --- 資料的捜集 --- p.16 / Chapter (五) --- 資料的分析 --- p.16 / Chapter 己 --- 小 結 --- p.17 / Chapter 第二章 --- 九龍城寨建立的回顧 --- p.19 / Chapter 甲 --- 九龍城寨的演變 --- p.19 / Chapter (一) --- 九龍城寨的建立 --- p.19 / Chapter (二) --- 1899至 1971年的九龍城寨 --- p.20 / Chapter (三) --- 新構思下的九龍城寨 --- p.25 / Chapter 乙 --- 九龍城寨之特殊環境情況 --- p.26 / Chapter (一) --- 九龍城寨的人口組合，具備三大特 別情況 --- p.26 / Chapter (二) --- 缺乏中産階級及認可的專業資格人 士 --- p.28 / Chapter (三) --- 九龍城寨政治環境的恃殊情況 --- p.28 / Chapter (四) --- 九龍城寨土地利用的特殊情況 --- p.29 / Chapter 丙 --- 文獻記載與前人研究的結果 --- p.29 / Chapter 丁 --- 小結 --- p.34 / Chapter 第三章 --- 九龍城寨人口結構的特徵 --- p.36 / Chapter 甲 --- 九龍城寨人口高度密集 --- p.36 / Chapter 乙 --- 九龍城寨缺乏中産階級和香港政府認可資 格的人力資源 --- p.38 / Chapter 丙 --- 非香港政府註冊之醫務人員和牙科護理員 數目特多 --- p.41 / Chapter 丁 --- 九龍城寨居民的職業結構 --- p.42 / Chapter 戊 --- 九龍城寨居民的學歷結構 --- p.44 / Chapter 己 --- 九龍城寨居民的年齡結構 --- p.46 / Chapter (一) --- 各年齡組別呈不規則分佈 --- p.46 / Chapter (二) --- 人口年齡組別，偏重於勞動力人口 組別中 --- p.47 / Chapter (三) --- 勞動力人口佔比重較高 --- p.47 / Chapter (四) --- 青少年人口維持穩定 --- p.47 / Chapter (五) --- 老年人口，比較香港地區少 --- p.48 / Chapter 庚 --- 小 結 --- p.48 / Chapter 第四章 --- 九龍城寨土地利用的特徵 --- p.49 / Chapter 甲 --- 住宅土地利用的特徵 --- p.50 / Chapter (一) --- 一個樓宇密度高，閉塞的社區 --- p.50 / Chapter (二) --- 内部不合標準的樓宇，以住宅為主 --- p.52 / Chapter (三) --- 外圍樓宇，主要以商業活動為主 --- p.53 / Chapter 乙 --- 服務性行業土地利用的特徵 --- p.54 / Chapter 丙 --- 生産性行業土地利用的特徵 --- p.56 / Chapter 丁 --- 九龍城寨地區差異的研究 --- p.58 / Chapter (一) --- 視野方面 --- p.59 / Chapter (二) --- 空氣流通和採光方面 --- p.59 / Chapter (三) --- 流通和購物方面 --- p.60 / Chapter (四) --- 食水供應方面 --- p.61 / Chapter (五) --- 排水系統方面 --- p.62 / Chapter 戊 --- 人地分佈差異的硏究 --- p.63 / Chapter 己 --- 九龍城寨家居人數的分析 --- p.65 / Chapter 庚 --- 小結 --- p.67 / Chapter 第五章 --- 九龍城寨和香港大都會的聯繫 --- p.69 / Chapter 甲 --- 工作地區的聯繫性 --- p.70 / Chapter 乙 --- 九龍城寨對外通勤的聯繫 --- p.73 / Chapter 丙 --- 九龍城寨居民日常生活活動及購物活動等 對外聯繫情況的分析 --- p.75 / Chapter (一) --- 日常生活活動 --- p.75 / Chapter (二) --- 購物及探親活動 --- p.76 / Chapter (三) --- 電話通訊 --- p.78 / Chapter 丁 --- 小 結 --- p.79 / Chapter 第六章 --- 九龍城寨環境的評估 --- p.80 / Chapter 甲 --- 九龍城寨内部環境問題方面 --- p.80 / Chapter 乙 --- 九龍城寨内部居民的衛生健康方面 --- p.84 / Chapter 丙 --- 九龍城寨内部公眾治安方面 --- p.85 / Chapter (一) --- 比較香港地區和九龍城寨兩地，各 類罪案的比率和意義 --- p.86 / Chapter (二) --- 九龍城寨與香港地區兩地不同性質 案件中，比率比較的含意 --- p.88 / Chapter (三) --- 評估城寨治安的情況 --- p.90 / Chapter 丁 --- 小結 --- p.91 / Chapter 第七章 --- 總結 --- p.93 / Chapter 甲 --- 九龍城寨和美國民族社區（Ghetto )的特 徵比較 --- p.93 / Chapter 乙 --- 九龍城寨和民族社區在發展上，並非完全 相似 --- p.95 / Chapter (一) --- 種族問題 --- p.96 / Chapter (二) --- 與社群協調的問題 --- p.96 / Chapter 丙 --- 在九龍城寨地理研究中的發現及本研究寫 作意義撿討 --- p.97 / Chapter 丁 --- 對九龍城寨研究的探討與解釋 --- p.102 / 附 : 九龍城寨的人口、經濟活動及土地利用調 / 查問卷

Yeung, Wang Chun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-117). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Declarations / Acknowledgements / Table of Contents / Introduction --- p.1 / PART I FROM MIXED TRUTHS TO TWO-DIMENSIONALISM / Chapter Chapter One: --- "Rigidity, Descriptivism, and Direct Reference" / Chapter 1.1. --- Meaning and Reference --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2. --- Rigidity and the Dusk of Descriptivism --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3. --- Different Theories of Reference --- p.22 / Chapter 1.4. --- Apriority and Necessity --- p.32 / Chapter Chapter Two: --- Two-Dimensionalism / Chapter 2.1. --- Possible-World Semantics --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2. --- Two-Dimensional Semantics --- p.43 / Chapter 2.3. --- Variety of Two-Dimensionalism --- p.48 / PART II TWO-DIMENSIONALISM AND ITS CRITICS / Chapter Chapter Three: --- The Argument from Ignorance and Error / Chapter 3.1. --- A-Intension and Associated Properties --- p.59 / Chapter 3.2. --- The Argument from Ignorance and Error --- p.65 / Chapter 3.3. --- The a Priori Argument --- p.73 / Chapter Chapter Four: --- The Argument from Variability / Chapter 4.1. --- Associated Properties and Meanings --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2. --- A-Intension and Understanding --- p.90 / Chapter 4.3. --- A-Intension and Communication --- p.97 / CONCLUDING REMARKS --- p.109 / BIBLOGRAPHY --- p.112

This thesis is a collection of essays about Paxton, a small town in western Nebraska, and an exploration of the contradictions and complexities found there. It is also a reflection on the layers of history and connections that exist not only among families that have lived in these towns for generations, but in the whole town and the surrounding landscape. These layers become intricately intertwined, blurring the distinctions among landscape, people, and their experiences. In making these explorations, I also compare my experience in western Nebraska to that of other authors who have written on the Great Plains, such as Kathleen Norris and Gretel Ehrlich. Chapter I introduces the town and the historical significance it has to my family. Chapter II delves into the complications and connections I eventually discovered while living in Paxton, and Chapter III explores the difficulties of living in a small town. The collection focuses on accepting, even celebrating, the contraries that make up life in Paxton, Nebraska. / Graduation date: 1996

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Göttingen Univ., 1997-1998. / Bibliogr. p. [691]-739. Index. L'ouvrage porte à tort 119 comme numéro de collection.

It has been debated whether knowledge attributions are descriptions of the world. Descriptivists argue that they are. Non-cognitivists discover that knowledge attributions have characteristics that are not shared by paradigm cases of descriptions. Most forms of non-cognitivism therefore deny that knowledge attributions are descriptions of the world. This thesis approaches the debate using data from the ordinary use of language. It is argued that a prominent form of descriptivism, attributor contextualism, is in conflict with treating ordinary use of simple knowledge attributions as true. This treatment of ordinary language is adopted by prominent contextualists, and is what distinguishes contextualism from its main rival, invariantism. The conflict is generalized to descriptivism in general so that either descriptivism or the treatment of simple ordinary use of the language as true has to be given up. Various arguments for and against such treatment of ordinary language and descriptivism’s alternative, non-cognitivism, are examined respectively. It is held that although many forms of non-cognitivism are problematic, whether non-cognitivism is a true thesis still remains open. It is also argued that despite its initial plausibility, the treatment of simple ordinary use of indicative language as true is not as attractive as it first appears to be. Since we are not forced to accept treating simple ordinary knowledge attributions as true, as far as the conflict between the two goes, we are not forced to give up descriptivism, either. However, non-cognitivism remains an attractive alternative to descriptivism. / published_or_final_version / Philosophy / Master / Master of Philosophy

An important sub-field of machine learning is the inductive formation of a pertinent class description. Given a collection of positive and negative examples of the concept, the aim is to create a description not only capable of correctly classifying the training examples, but one able to be used predictively on unseen examples. This thesisi nvestigatesth e problemo f inductivec onceptf ormation in poorly understood domains.M any well-understoodp roblemse xist wheret he individual attribute-valueuss ed to describee xamplesv ary systematicallyw ith categorym embership.O ften this meanst hat such descriptions are sufficient to identify significant regularities in the concept. In contrastm, anyr eal-worldp roblemsa rep oorly understoodi,. e . examplesa re describedb y a relatively large number of seemingly irrelevant attributes (because expertise is often unavailablet o specify a suitable level of abstractionw hen measurementas re initially recorded). The fundamentaal ssumptionb eing that when combinedi n somew ay, these attributes are complete enough to identify the target concept. This initial language insufficiency,o ften causedb y concealeda ttributei nteractionp resentsp roblemsf or many current induction algorithms which typically reply on uncovering simpler correlations. For all but the simplestp roblems,t he combinatoriale xplosiona ssociatedw ith unconstrained hypothesis generation means that the inductive process must employ more intelligent mechanisms. A two-stage solution is proposed based on first identifying whether the initial problem formulation has the potential to cause difficulties for typical inductive learners. A qualitative measure based on a novel information theoretic function is used to gauge the absence of conditional dependencies between attributes. This approach is compared to other current identification measures, in particular a bias towards misleading estimates of concept difficulty due to irrelevant attributes is addressed. Once the level of attribute interaction has been estimated one of two learning components is selected for acquiring the relevant concept. For low to moderate degrees of attribute interaction, a general-to-specific beam search is utilised. However this mechanism focuses the induction process on the most promising hypotheses by utilising relative assessment measures i. e. the degree with which a specialised hypothesis improves with respect to its constituent parts. This relative improvement becomes increasingly important as conditional dependencies increase. In addition, a pair of relative bounds are calculated for each hypothesis based on the assessmenht euristic used for validation whilst learning. These bounds place limits on the number of negative examples a hypothesis can cover and still outperform its best constituent part. These bounds result in a substantial reduction in the number of poor hypotheses generated during concept formation. For extremel evels of featurei nteraction,a specific-to-generagl reedy searcht echniquei s employed. This approach is more likely to uncover hidden interactions than approaches that begin hypothesisf ormationb asedo n one-dimensionapl rojections. This combination of search direction and a heuristic based on Minimum Description Length, ensures that highly conditional dependenciecsa n be pinpointed. In addition a number of speedup operatorsa re developedw hich curtail the numbero f tentativeh ypothesesg enerateda nd alsor esulti n fewerp roblemsa ssociatedw ith local searchs pacem inima.

No description available.

The increasing demand on multimedia communication over wired and wireless networks imposes a continuous pressure on developing more robust coding schemes. Recently, joint source-channel coding with multiple description codes has become an attractive solution to ensure robust communication over noisy channels. In this thesis, we conduct analysis and design of multiple description codes for wired and wireless communication channels. First, a multiple description quantizer (MDQ) design method based on channel optimized quantization is developed. The proposed multiple channel optimized quantizer design scheme does not require index assignment and offers the benefit of resilience to both symbol and erasure errors. Low complexity MDQ is further explored and used to build a multiple description audio coder. Next, the advantages of employing multiple description coding over multiple-input multiple-output wireless channels are investigated. Information theoretical analysis is conducted and practical MDQ codes are designed. Finally, a new E-model based performance measure accounting for both rate-distortion performance and delay impairment is proposed to compare multiple description coding and layered coding for communication over packet networks. / Thesis (Ph.D, Electrical & Computer Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2007-09-28 15:07:27.322

The project presents the interesting sights and places in Indianapolis using both pictures and German texts. It would be possible for German visitors in Indianapolis to enjoy their visit more by means of this project. Also included is the history of 'the city with interesting comments on the German contribution to the development of Indianapolis. In the appendix the reader finds the history of the three German societies still active in the city.All pictures were also taken by the degree candidate.

Techn. Hochsch., Diss.--Aachen, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [235] - 244) and index.