Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-06-12T11:40:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 470402 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 567544 bytes, checksum: 1fd6fe27525edbe0dfac418fc8ba5fd2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-12T11:40:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 470402 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 567544 bytes, checksum: 1fd6fe27525edbe0dfac418fc8ba5fd2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-23 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Objectives: To evaluate the response to surfactant of patients with acute bronchiolitis (AB) according the surfactant function and production, measured through the stable microbubble test and the lamellar body count. Study Design: Twenty four patients younger than 1 year of age, with the diagnosis of AB, who were in mechanical ventilation and received 100 mg of surfactant, according with the stablished routine by the pediatric intensive care unit, were studied. Previously to the administration, tracheal secretion was collected for virus identification, stable microbubble test and lamellar body count. Arterial blood gases were obtained. One hour, 6 hours and 24 hours after of surfactant administration arterial blood gases were again collected. Results: There was a 20% increase in PaO2 24 hours after surfactant administration in 2 (14.29%) of 14 patients with lamellar bodies ? 60.000 and in 5 (50%) of 10 patients with>60.000 lamellar bodies (p=0.08). Six (46.15%) of 13 patients with ?13 microbubbles and one (9.09%) of 11 patients with>13 microbubbles had an increase in PaO2>20% after 24 hours of administration (p=0.08). Only 2 patients of 7 who responded to surfactant, had respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) positive. The patients with lamellar bodies ? 60.000 had a statistically significant increase in oxygenation after 6 hours of surfactant administration, not associated to a reduction of mechanical ventilation time or hospitalization time. The patients without positive RSV had a substantial increase in PaO2 after one hour after the administration of surfactant, that was maintained for 24 hours. Conclusion: The surfactant administration transiently improved oxygenation in patients with AVB. Patients who had no positive respiratory syncytial virus had an important improvement in oxygenation after administration of exogenous surfactant. LBC and SMT are not sufficiently sensitive and specific to predict who the patients with severe bronchiolitis responding to treatment with exogenous surfactant. / Objetivos: Avaliar a resposta ? administra??o de surfactante ex?geno de pacientes com bronquiolite viral aguda (BVA) grave conforme a fun??o e produ??o de surfactante, medida atrav?s do teste das microbolhas est?veis (TME) e da contagem de corpos lamelares (CCL). M?todos: Foram estudados 24 pacientes, menores de 1 ano de idade, com diagn?stico de BVA grave, que estavam em ventila??o mec?nica e receberam 100mg/kg de surfactante ex?geno, de acordo com a rotina estabelecida pela da unidade de tratamento intensivo pedi?trico (UTIP). Previamente ? administra??o, foi coletado uma amostra de secre??o traqueal para identifica??o de v?rus, realiza??o da contagem de corpos lamelares e do teste das microbolhas est?veis. Foi obtido sangue arterial para gasometria. Uma hora, 6horas e 24horas ap?s a administra??o de surfactante foi coletado novamente sangue arterial para gasometria. Resultados: Houve aumento de 20% na PaO2ap?s 24 horas da administra??o de surfactante em 2 (14,29%) de 14 pacientes com corpos lamelares ? 60.000 e em 5 (50%) de 10 pacientes com >60.000 corpos lamelares (p=0,08). Seis (46,15%) de 13 pacientes com ?13 microbolhas e 01 (9,09%) de 11 pacientes com >13 microbolhas tiveram um aumento na PaO2>20% ap?s 24 horas da administra??o (p=0,08). Apenas 2 pacientes dos 7 que responderam ao surfactante ex?geno, tinham v?rus sincicial respirat?rio (VSR) positivo. Os pacientes com >60.000 corpos lamelares tiveram um aumento estatisticamente significativo da oxigena??o ap?s 6 horas do uso de surfactante, n?o associado a redu??o do tempo de ventila??o e interna??o. Os pacientes sem VSR positivo tiveram um aumento substancial da PaO2arterial ap?s 1 hora de administra??o do surfactante, que se manteve por 24 horas Conclus?o: A administra??o de surfactante melhora transitoriamente a oxigena??o dos pacientes com BVA. Os pacientes que n?o tinham v?rus sincicial respirat?rio positivo tiveram uma importante melhora imediata na oxigena??o ap?s o uso de surfactante ex?geno. A CCL e o TME n?o se mostraram suficientemente sens?veis e espec?ficos para predizer quem s?o os pacientes com bronquiolite grave que responder?o ? terapia com surfactante ex?geno.