• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 15
  • 10
  • 2
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 29
  • 13
  • 12
  • 10
  • 9
  • 8
  • 8
  • 7
  • 7
  • 5
  • 5
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Water quality and sanitation in rural Moldova / Vattenkvalitet och sanitet på Moldaviens landsbygd

Hugosson, Hanna, Larnholt, Katja January 2010 (has links)
Because of the impact on human health and sustainable livelihood, the topic of drinking water and sanitation facilities is becoming a seriously discussed issue among international organizations as well as developing agencies in industrialized countries. The importance of water and sanitation management initialized this master thesis.   The aim of the project is to do an assessment of the drinking water quality as well as the sanitation situation in the village Condrita in the Republic of Moldova. This was done by studying the existing water and sanitation facilities, sampling the water, evaluating the reason for the poor water quality and mapping the current situation using ArcGIS. Furthermore, technologies for improving the drinking water and sanitation facilities are suggested.   The work was carried out by doing a literature study on how water sources and sanitation facilities should be constructed in order to ensure people’s health and to meet their needs. Geographic coordinates and water samples were collected from twenty-two public wells and springs. Interviews on the water situation and sanitation facilities were performed. Furthermore, water samples were analysed with respect to nitrate, turbidity, electrical conductivity and coliform bacteria amongst others. Pesticide contamination was also taken into consideration when one of the wells was analysed. Water sources were classified as improved or unimproved according to definitions by WHOSIS. Moreover, the DRASTIC vulnerability model was used to evaluate the groundwater susceptibility to contaminants.   In general, the water quality in the study area was poor and measured values of the analyzed parameters exceeded international or Moldovan standards for nitrate, hardness, electrical conductivity and total coliform bacteria. Four wells were contaminated with E. coli bacteria. Furthermore, turbidity measurements exceeded Moldovan standards in seven out of twenty-two water sources. No pesticide contamination was detected. Sampled water from the densely populated parts of the village as well as unimproved water sources proved to be of poorer quality. Map results showed that a majority of the groundwater within the study area was subject to a moderate or high risk of becoming contaminated. The current sanitation situation is that most families use simple pit latrines, which are placed far away from the dwelling-houses. Digging a new toilet when the existing one is full is a common practice in Condrita. Hand-washing facilities are seldom placed in proximity to the toilets.   Pit latrines are believed to be the most important source of groundwater contamination in the study area. Other sources are agricultural activities and poor practice when abstracting water from the wells. A feasible solution to improve both the drinking water quality and the sanitation situation would be to install ecosan toilets. Improvements of the well’s features that are suggested include construction of an apron slab as well as proper lids for covering the well.
12

Caracterização da vulnerabilidade intrínseca do Aquífero Alter do Chão na cidade de Manaus - AM

Miranda, Janaína Simone Neves 07 February 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-03-08T16:21:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Janaína S. N. Miranda.pdf: 10099584 bytes, checksum: 8aca5bc12c638a1851c60e76969b8cf2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-03-08T16:21:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Janaína S. N. Miranda.pdf: 10099584 bytes, checksum: 8aca5bc12c638a1851c60e76969b8cf2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-03-08T16:21:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Janaína S. N. Miranda.pdf: 10099584 bytes, checksum: 8aca5bc12c638a1851c60e76969b8cf2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-08T16:21:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Janaína S. N. Miranda.pdf: 10099584 bytes, checksum: 8aca5bc12c638a1851c60e76969b8cf2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-07 / This work presents the evaluation of the intrinsic vulnerability of the Alter do Chão Aquifer in the Manaus city. The selected method for the determination of intrinsic vulnerability is the DRASTIC, which embraces and correlates the main physical and hydrogeological parameters of the study area. The DRASTIC is defined by a weighted sum of depth to water (D), recharge (R), aquifer media (A), soils (S), topography (T), unsaturated zone (I) and hydraulic conductivity (C). An extensive literature review of existing data and studies of the Alter do Chão Aquifer in Manaus and region was performed, gathering information about geology, geomorphology, pedology, borehole profiles and climate. The average depth to water in the Alter do Chão Aquifer in Manaus exceeds 15 meters; smallest depths are observed close to drainages, whereas deeper levels occur where there is greater groundwater extraction by boreholes. The proposed conceptual model for groundwater recharge indicates natural sources as the main contributors, mainly by infiltration of rain water in areas with dense vegetation cover (963 mm/year), and the anthropic recharge by infiltration of water from mains leakage cesspits (between 153,5 and 652,4 mm/year). For the induced anthropic recharge, it is estimated that about 68% of extracted water that is distributed by the public supply becomes artificial recharge for the aquifer. The sand layers of Alter do Chão Formation are the preferential pathway for groundwater percolation in the saturated zone. The soil types of the area are predominantly sandy loam, in the valleys and slopes, and clay loam, in the plateaus. The unsaturated zone is characterized as intercalations of sandy, silty sand or clayey sand, and pelitic layers. The hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer is mainly lower than 4,1 m/day. The slopes of the area are mainly lower than 21%; high slopes (superior to 12%) occur at restricted areas along ramps in the transition of plateaus and valleys. The obtained results for intrinsic vulnerability show that low and slight moderate vulnerability have predominance in the area and moderate and high vulnerability occur restrictedly in the northwest region of the area. The main factors that generate a higher grade of natural aquifer protection are the deep water level, the soil layer with significant amounts of clay and the lithologic substrate of the unsaturated zone that has a wide range of silt and clay layers. Therefore, despite the low slopes and high recharge rates that could significantly increase the vulnerability, the clay substrates and the deep water levels provide significant intrinsic protection. / Este trabalho apresenta o estudo da vulnerabilidade intrínseca do aquífero Alter do Chão na cidade de Manaus. O método escolhido para a determinação da vulnerabilidade intrínseca foi o DRASTIC, que abrange e correlaciona os principais parâmetros físicos e hidrogeológicos da área estudada. O DRASTIC é definido pela soma ponderada da profundidade do nível de água (D), recarga (R), meio aquífero (A), solos (S), topografia (T), zona não saturada (I) e condutividade hidráulica (C). Foi feita extensa revisão bibliográfica de dados e estudos do Aquífero Alter do Chão em Manaus e região, tais como estudos geológicos, geomorfológicos e pedológicos, dados de perfis de sondagem a trado, de poços tubulares e, de estudos climático-meteorológicos. Em Manaus o aquífero Alter do Chão apresenta profundidade de nível das águas subterrâneas predominante superior a 15 m, níveis mais rasos são observados próximos a drenagens, enquanto que os níveis mais profundos ocorrem onde há maior extração de água subterrânea por poços tubulares. O modelo conceitual de síntese proposto para a recarga indica como principais fontes a recarga natural pela infiltração de água de chuva nas áreas com densa cobertura vegetal (963 mm/ano) e a recarga antrópica induzida através da infiltração da água de distribuição pública e infiltração de efluentes lançados em fossas (entre 153,5 e 652,4 mm/ano). Para a recarga antrópica induzida estimase que cerca de 68% da água captada e distribuída pelo sistema público se transforma em recarga artificial para o aquífero. O principal meio por onde a água subterrânea percola na zona saturada são as camadas arenosas da formação Alter do Chão. Os solos da área são predominantemente franco arenosos nos vales e taludes e, franco argilosos nos platôs. A zona não saturada é caracterizada como intercalações entre camadas arenosas, camadas areno siltosas ou areno argilosas e camadas pelítica. A condutividade hidráulica do aquífero é baixa, predominantemente menor que 4,1 m/dia. A declividade da área é predominantemente baixa (menor que 21%), declividades altas (superiores a 12%) ocorrem em áreas restritas ao longo de taludes na transição entre platôs e vales. Os resultados obtidos para a vulnerabilidade intrínseca mostram o predomínio de vulnerabilidade baixa e moderada leve por toda a área e, de forma restrita na região noroeste, a presença de vulnerabilidade moderada e alta. Os principais fatores que atribuem maior grau de proteção natural ao aquífero são o seu nível de água profundo, sua camada de solo com elevada quantidade de argilas e o substrato litológico da zona não saturada com ampla representação de camadas de silte e argila. Assim, apesar da área estudada apresentar declividade baixa e taxas de recarga elevadas, que aumentariam significativamente a vulnerabilidade, os substratos existentes no percurso da água infiltrada até atingir o aquífero e a maior profundidade do nível de água oferecem distância e elementos litológicos para sua proteção intrínseca.
13

An Analysis of Adding Land Cover as a Variable to the DRASTIC Ground Water Model

Klingler, Thomas H. (Thomas Henry) 12 1900 (has links)
This study involved a geographic information systems (GIS) approach to modeling ground water pollution potential in the Southern Edwards Aquifer Region in Texas. The DRASTIC ground water model was analyzed using two methods. First, the effects of adding land cover data to the drastic model were evaluated. In the second approach, the effects of the removal of DRASTIC variables were evaluated. Six, five, and four variable models were generated and analyzed.
14

Avaliação hidrogeológica para determinação da vulnerabilidade natural do aquífero freático em área selecionada na cidade de Londrina (PR)

Santos, Maurício Moreira dos [UNESP] 11 April 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-04-11Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:13:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_mm_me_rcla.pdf: 3370944 bytes, checksum: 430e0a04e4974c12aeac911e17927ebb (MD5) / Utilizando-se de dados hidrogeológicos em área selecionada na cidade de Londrina (PR), foi realizada avaliação da vulnerabilidade natural do aqüífero constituído pelo manto de alteração das rochas basálticas da Formação Serra Geral, através da aplicação do índice DRASTIC. Este método possui características de simplicidade, de baixo custo, de fácil aplicação e é amplamente utilizado em estudos de vulnerabilidade natural. A caracterização da susceptibilidade do meio à poluição fornece subsídios para tomada de decisões quanto ao uso e ocupação do solo e conseqüentemente ao planejamento sócio-econômico. Na zona não-saturada, através dos ensaios de infiltração, obteve-se baixa permeabilidade dos solos, com variações entre 10-3 cm/s e 10-5 cm/s. Os ensaios de slug, na zona saturada, por sua vez, indicaram condutividade hidráulica de 10-1 a 10-4 cm/s, apresentando média ao redor de 10-2 cm/s. Dessa forma, o poluente ao atingir a zona dos saprolitos, tende a se espalhar rapidamente através das linhas de fluxo subterrâneo. O fluxo preferencial subterrâneo apresenta-se orientado de sul para norte, seguindo grosso modo o declive do terreno. Em geral, na área de estudo predomina a vulnerabilidade moderada, enquanto que nas proximidades do ribeirão Lindóia e nos divisores d'água, as vulnerabilidades foram classificadas como alta e baixa, respectivamente. / The DRASTIC index was used for the evaluation of the natural vulnerability of groundwater constituted by the mantle of weathering of the basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation. DRASTIC method was used in this evaluation, for its simplicity, low cost, easy application and it has been widely used for analysis of the natural vulnerability. The characterization of the enviromental to the pollution supports the decisions about ground use and occupation for partner-economic planning. Hydraulic conductivities in the unsaturated and saturated zones, as well as the groundwater flow direction were determined. In the unsaturated zone, permeability of the soils is low, as reveled by infiltrations tests with ranging 10-3 cm/s to 10-5 cm/s. Hydraulic conductivity obtained from slug tests range from 10-1 to 10-4 cm/s, with average around 10-2 cm/s. The flow direction occurs from south to north, accompanying the general slope of the landscape. The pollutant when reaches the zone of the saprolite, tends to spread quickly through the groundwater flow lines. In general, the vulnerability of the studied area can be classified as moderate, while that in the water divide region and in the vicinity of ribeirão Lindóia, are ranked low and high, respectively.
15

Vulnerabilidade intrínseca e risco de contaminação do aquífero livre da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Gramame-PB

Linhares, Franklin Mendonça 18 December 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:09:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 4128666 bytes, checksum: 38e1bf4769d75be566ab2f8d78f6f415 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The vulnerability mapping and risk analysis of groundwater contamination are essential for guiding management plans of watersheds. Currently, new criteria for eligibility of groundwater are required by CONAMA Resolution No. 396/2008 and justifies this study. The chosen basin for mapping of vulnerability of a free aquifer was the Gramame river basin in Paraíba State. To build the vulnerability map the DRASTIC method was chosen, acronym of factors to be analyzed: Depth to the water table, net Recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography, Impact of the unsaturate zone, Hydraulic Condutivity. For the pollution risk mapping the modified DRASTIC was used, where the characteristics of land use and land cover are also considered. Each DRASTIC factor is built dynamically as a layer of a Geographic Information System (GIS). Environment features of the system are specialized and, in the final step, are integrated in order to generate vulnerability map. The preliminary risk analysis is made by overlapping the vulnerability map to the land cover and land use maps. Data from static levels of 27 shallow wells were collected monthly during a hydrological year (2010/2011), which allowed to divide them into two periods: wet and dry. With this determination it was possible to compare the vulnerability maps for these two distinct periods. It was found in this study that, in the rainy season, the vulnerability is greater than in the dry season. The result of the intrinsic vulnerability map in the rainy season showed that the central and southwest regions, where the city of Pedras de Fogo is located, presents high vulnerability. The risk of contamination map identified these same regions as very high risk due to human action. These data can be used to define and direct resources to areas where protection is needed, as well as subsidize the municipal and state management in making decisions regarding land use, actions development and measures to ensure the environmental quality of the groundwater of Gramame river basin. / O mapeamento de vulnerabilidade e a análise de risco de contaminação das águas subterrâneas são fundamentais para a orientação dos planos de gerenciamento de bacias hidrográficas. Atualmente, novos critérios de enquadramento das águas subterrâneas são exigidos pela Resolução do CONAMA Nº 396/2008 e justificam a o presente estudo. O mapeamento da vulnerabilidade do aquífero livre foi da realizado na bacia hidrográfica do rio Gramame. Para a construção do mapa de vulnerabilidade, foi utilizado o método DRASTIC, acrônimo dos fatores a serem analisados: Depth to the water table, Net Recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography, Impact of the unsaturate zone, Hydraulic Condutivity. Já para o mapeamento do risco à poluição foi utilizado o DRASTIC modificado, onde são consideradas (também) as características de uso e cobertura do solo. Cada fator do DRASTIC é construído de forma dinâmica, como uma camada, no Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) a partir de características do meio que são especializadas e, na fase final, integrada para gerar o mapa de vulnerabilidade. A análise preliminar de risco é feita pela sobreposição do mapa de vulnerabilidade como os mapas de cobertura do solo e uso do solo da bacia hidrográfica do rio gramame. Gerou-se com essas informações um banco de dados necessário à confecção dos mapas de vulnerabilidade intrínseca e de risco de contaminação. Os dados dos níveis estáticos dos 27 poços foram coletados mensalmente durante um ano hidrológico (2010/2011), o que permitiu dividi-los em dois períodos: chuvoso e estiagem. Com essa determinação foi possível realizar uma analise comparativa entre os mapas de vulnerabilidade para estes dois períodos distintos. Identificou-se nesta pesquisa que, no período chuvoso, a vulnerabilidade é maior que no período de estiagem. O resultado do mapa de vulnerabilidade intrínseca no período chuvoso revelou que a região central e sudoeste, onde está localizada a cidade de Pedras de Fogo, apresenta vulnerabilidade alta. O mapa de risco de contaminação identificou essas mesmas regiões como de áreas risco muito alto, devido à ação antrópica. Esses dados podem ser usados para delimitar e direcionar recursos para as áreas que necessitem de proteção, bem como subsidiar a gestão municipal e Estadual na tomada de decisões quanto ao uso do solo, elaboração de ações e medidas que assegurem a qualidade ambiental das águas subterrâneas da bacia hidrográfica do rio Gramame.
16

Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment With Drastic Method:a Case-study On Kirikkale Plain, Turkey

Buyukdemirci, Hakan Ahmet 01 May 2012 (has links) (PDF)
The objective of this study is to achieve vulnerability assessment of the groundwater by using DRASTIC Method which is developed by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). It is most commonly used overlay and index method all over the world. Evaluation of groundwater vulnerability would be performed by using computer programs which are based on Geographical Information System (GIS) in order to facilitate data management and spatial analysis. The term vulnerability, that is used in this study, could be defined as a degree of capacity of the geological settings which are above water table, cause as joining of contaminants to groundwater where imposed by environmental factors. All the groundwater has some degree of protection under natural condition. It is an important initial step to identify degree of vulnerability by an index which is provided by superimposition of the environmental and geological properties that are explained in DRASTIC Method. v At the end of the study by using a computer program together with DRASTIC Method a vulnerability map will be obtained. The vulnerability map is an informative tool from different aspects such as it is an initial step for taking an attention of risk of groundwater could be getting polluted in some areas. In addition, surface activities could be limited by focusing on groundwater protection strategies which are considering degree of vulnerability of areas that are delineated by DRASTIC vulnerability index. With the purpose of groundwater vulnerability assessment Kirikkale Plain is selected for a study area. Because of inappropriate management of the industrial and domestic wastes, lack of waste water treatment plants and uncontrolled agricultural activities cause this region proned to groundwater pollution. At the end of this study a groundwater vulnerability map of the Kirikkale Plain is obtained and attention is drawn to the places which are more vulnerable are pointed out.
17

Avaliação hidrogeológica para determinação da vulnerabilidade natural do aquífero freático em área selecionada na cidade de Londrina (PR) /

Santos, Maurício Moreira dos. January 2005 (has links)
Orientador: Maria Rita Caetano Chang / Banca: André Celligoi / Banca: Carlos de Almeida Nóbrega / Resumo: Utilizando-se de dados hidrogeológicos em área selecionada na cidade de Londrina (PR), foi realizada avaliação da vulnerabilidade natural do aqüífero constituído pelo manto de alteração das rochas basálticas da Formação Serra Geral, através da aplicação do índice DRASTIC. Este método possui características de simplicidade, de baixo custo, de fácil aplicação e é amplamente utilizado em estudos de vulnerabilidade natural. A caracterização da susceptibilidade do meio à poluição fornece subsídios para tomada de decisões quanto ao uso e ocupação do solo e conseqüentemente ao planejamento sócio-econômico. Na zona não-saturada, através dos ensaios de infiltração, obteve-se baixa permeabilidade dos solos, com variações entre 10-3 cm/s e 10-5 cm/s. Os ensaios de slug, na zona saturada, por sua vez, indicaram condutividade hidráulica de 10-1 a 10-4 cm/s, apresentando média ao redor de 10-2 cm/s. Dessa forma, o poluente ao atingir a zona dos saprolitos, tende a se espalhar rapidamente através das linhas de fluxo subterrâneo. O fluxo preferencial subterrâneo apresenta-se orientado de sul para norte, seguindo grosso modo o declive do terreno. Em geral, na área de estudo predomina a vulnerabilidade moderada, enquanto que nas proximidades do ribeirão Lindóia e nos divisores d'água, as vulnerabilidades foram classificadas como alta e baixa, respectivamente. / Abstract: The DRASTIC index was used for the evaluation of the natural vulnerability of groundwater constituted by the mantle of weathering of the basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation. DRASTIC method was used in this evaluation, for its simplicity, low cost, easy application and it has been widely used for analysis of the natural vulnerability. The characterization of the enviromental to the pollution supports the decisions about ground use and occupation for partner-economic planning. Hydraulic conductivities in the unsaturated and saturated zones, as well as the groundwater flow direction were determined. In the unsaturated zone, permeability of the soils is low, as reveled by infiltrations tests with ranging 10-3 cm/s to 10-5 cm/s. Hydraulic conductivity obtained from slug tests range from 10-1 to 10-4 cm/s, with average around 10-2 cm/s. The flow direction occurs from south to north, accompanying the general slope of the landscape. The pollutant when reaches the zone of the saprolite, tends to spread quickly through the groundwater flow lines. In general, the vulnerability of the studied area can be classified as moderate, while that in the water divide region and in the vicinity of ribeirão Lindóia, are ranked low and high, respectively. / Mestre
18

Modifying Ohio’s DRASTIC ground water potential pollution model to account for karst limestone voids and sinkholes

Warren, Rachel H Pauline 24 October 2019 (has links)
No description available.
19

Developing a Drinking Water Source Protection Plan for the Village of Gratis

Weinkam, Laura Anne 28 April 2009 (has links)
No description available.
20

Uso da terrra e caracterização hidropedológica na região de vila Kramer, São Francisco de Assis - RS / Land use and hidropedological characterization in the region of vila Kramer, São Francisco de Assis - RS

Auzani, Gislaine Mocelin 31 August 2010 (has links)
The knowledge about the physical-natural environment to be explored is extremely important for the correct development of human activities. The planning of land use and occupation minimizes the environmental impact, therefore, providing a balanced ecosystem in its different phases. The incorrect use of land can harm considerably the environment, which is many times irreversible. The aim of this work was to evaluate the use of land in different times, to study the natural vulnerability of aquifer systems and to evaluate the physical-chemical parameters of groundwater in the region of Vila Kramer, in the city of São Francisco de Assis, Rio Grande do Sul, State, Southern Brazil. A soil study was made, identifying and characterizing the different soil classes which occur in the area, using geoprocessing techniques. Different soil maps were made, such as: geological, hypsometrical, gradient index, land use in 1989, 1999 and 2009, Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs), agricultural sustainability, and adaptation of the soil use. There was also an identification of the areas with land use conflict. The tool used to study the natural vulnerability of aquifers (confined/not confined) was the DRASTIC and GOD methodology. In order to characterize the groundwater, an analysis of physical and chemical parameters was made using the water collected from the wells. The results showed that the natural forest cover presented a significant decrease between 1989 and 2009, which corresponds for 26.32% of the area. In the areas without forest there was not much difference between 1989 and 1999 considering this class of use. In 2009 there was an increase of 10.16% compared to the past decade. This increase is related mainly to the decrease in the areas used with crops. As a result we can highlight, in relation to the natural vulnerability of the aquifer area, that, the DRASTIC methodology ranged between vulnerable, high vulnerable, and extremely vulnerable area, while in the GOD methodology it ranged between negligible, low moderate, high and extreme. The DRASTIC and GOD methodologies provided approaches to identification of the vulnerability of the areas and the natural conditions of the aquifers, as well. From this point, it is possible to have the use of GIS, through the delineation of theme maps, which can be used to sustainably manage the hydric groundwaters resources. / O conhecimento do meio físico-natural a ser explorado é extremamente importante para o desenvolvimento correto das atividades humanas. O planejamento do uso e ocupação da terra acaba minimizando o impacto ambiental, assim garantindo um ecossistema equilibrado nas suas diversas fases. O manejo incorreto da terra pode trazer perdas consideráveis ao meio ambiente e muitas vezes irreversíveis. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o uso da terra em diferentes épocas, estudar a vulnerabilidade natural dos sistemas aquíferos e analisar os parâmetros físicoquímicos das águas subterrâneas na região da Vila Kramer, município de São Francisco de Assis, RS. Foi realizado um levantamento de solos, identificando e caracterizando as diferentes classes de solos que ocorrem na área, utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento. Foram gerados mapas de solos, geológico, hipsométrico, de declividade, de uso das terras de 1989, 1999 e 2009, de Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs), de aptidão agrícola, de adequação de uso e identificadas as áreas de conflito do uso das terras. O recurso usado para estudar a vulnerabilidade natural dos aquíferos (confinado/não confinado) foi a metodologia DRASTIC e GOD. Para caracterizar as águas subterrâneas, fez-se análise de parâmetros físico-químicos em amostras coletadas dos poços. Os resultados mostraram que a floresta nativa apresentou um decréscimo relativo entre 1989 e 2009, onde atualmente corresponde a 26,32% da área. Nas áreas de campo, não houve muita diferença entre 1989 e 1999 nessa classe de uso, sendo que em 2009 ocorreu um aumento de 10,16% em relação à década passada. Esse aumento está relacionado principalmente à diminuição nas áreas utilizadas com culturas. Como resultado, pode-se destacar, em relação à vulnerabilidade natural dos aquíferos da área, que a metodologia DRASTIC variou entre área vulnerável, muito vulnerável e extremamente vulnerável, enquanto que na metodologia GOD variou de insignificante, baixa, média, alta e extrema. As metodologias DRASTIC e GOD proporcionaram a identificação das classes de vulnerabilidade e também as condições naturais dos aquíferos. A partir daí, pode-se ter a utilização dos SIGs, através da elaboração de mapas temáticos que podem ser usados para o gerenciamento de modo sustentável dos recursos hídricos subterrâneos.

Page generated in 0.0279 seconds