Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:30:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1684174 bytes, checksum: c37b946c8a4035bbca963579a1ab8080 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Eupalamides cyparissias (Fabricius, 1776) (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) which synonymies are Castnia daedalus, Cyparissius daedalus, Eupalamides daedalus, Lapaeumides daedalus and Cyparissius daedalus is one of the most important insect pest in oil palm culture. This species causes severe damage to palm oil and coconut production in the State of Pará, Brazil and it is characterized by a wing span from 17 to 21 cm and by damage to coconut and palm oil plantations besides to other native palm trees of the Amazonian region. The strategies of controlling this pest have low efficiency and their generations overlap during the year. Therefore, the objective was to study the population fluctuation of E. cyparissias based on data of caterpillars, pupae and adults of E. cyparissias collected from September 2002 to January 2007. Data on capture of this insect were obtained on plantations of oil palm of the Agroindustrial Complex of Agropalma in the municipalities of Thailand, Pará State distant 80 Km from the capital Belém. Climate data were obtained in meteorological stations of this company. Four independent analyses were done to verify the influence of environmental factors and the probability of occurrence/survival of caterpillars (L1, L2 and L3), pupae and adults of E. cyparissias. The relative humidity, rainfall, thermal amplitude and mean temperature were the variables that affected the occurrence of the different stages of E. cyparissias. These initial studies give an idea of the period of occurrence of the different stages of this insect, but additional ones are necessary to determine population increase and reduction of this species in the field. / A broca-da-coroa-foliar Eupalamides cyparissiass (Fabricius,1776) (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) cujas sinonímias são Castnia daedalus, e Cyparissius daedalus, Eupalamides daedalus, Lapaeumides daedalus, Cyparissius daedalus, destaca-se entre as espécies de insetos-praga mais importantes para a cultura do dendê. Essa espécie causa danos severos à produção de dendê e coco no Estado do Pará caracterizando-se pela envergadura de asas de 17 a 21 cm e pelos prejuízos aos cultivos de coco, dendê e outras palmeiras nativas da região Amazônica. As estratégias de controle dessa praga são pouco eficientes e suas gerações se sobrepõe-se. Por isso, o objetivo deste foi apresentar um estudo sobre a flutuação populacional de E. cyparissias, a partir de dados de captura de lagartas, pupas e adultos de setembro 2002 a janeiro de 2007. Os dados de captura foram coletados em plantios de dendê do Complexo Agroindustrial do Grupo Agropalma, situado no município de Tailândia, Pará, a 180 Km da capital Belém e os dados climáticos foram obtidos de medições feitas em estações meteorológicas da empresa. Foram realizadas quatro análises independentespara se verificar os fatores ambientais que influenciavam a probabilidade de ocorrência/sobrevivência de lagartas (L1, L2 e L3), pupas e adultos desse inseto. A umidade relativa, pluviosidade, amplitude térmica e temperatura média foram as variáveis que influenciaram a ocorrência das diferentes fases do ciclo de E. cyparissias. Estes estudos iniciais dão uma idéia do período de ocorrência das diferentes fases desse inseto, mas estudos adicionais são necessários para se determinar o aumento e redução de sua população no campo.

The Cambrian explosion not only shaped the ecosystems of the Phanerozoic, but fundamentally changed how biota interacts with the environment, including the substrate. Cambrian trace fossils Alectorurus and Syringomorpha as well as Ordovician-Silurian Daedalus represent novel modes of faunal interaction with the newly innovated shallow marine mixed-ground and have surprisingly limited stratigraphic ranges. This study investigates vertically oriented spreiten trace fossils from the Armorican Quartzite Formation near Castañar de Ibor, Spain and the File Haidar Formation near Hällekis, Sweden. Site and trace fossil description was conducted to compare and contrast their morphology, ecological relationships, and potential affinities. While all these fossils feature J-shaped vertically oriented spreiten structures, Alectorurus is the most closely comparable Cambrian ichnofossil to the largely Ordovician Daedalus due to their similarity in overall size, morphology, and sedimentary environment. Alectorurus represents the earliest known occurrence of animal behavior comparable to Daedalus within similar facies. This short-lived ichnofossils may have gone extinct due to complexifying trophic chains in the shallow marine realm as brought forth from heightened predation and land-plant derived organics. Interpretations of the affinity of Daedalus, regarding the construction, and ecological niche can be extended to Alectorurus and may be used to help piece together the construction, ecology and affinities of these enigmatic Cambrian and Ordovician trace fossils.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Steven Millhauser has been recognized for his abilities as both a novelist and a writer of short fiction. Yet, he has evaded definitive categorization because his fiction does not fit into any one category. Millhauser’s fiction has defied clean categorization specifically because of his regular oscillation between the modes of realism and fantasy. Much of Millhauser’s short fiction contains images of labyrinths: wandering narratives that appear to split off or come to a dead end, massive structures of branching, winding paths and complex mysteries that are as deep and impenetrable as the labyrinth itself. This project aims to specifically explore the presence of labyrinthine elements throughout Steven Millhauser’s short fiction. Millhauser’s labyrinths are either described spatially and/or suggested in his narrative form; they are, in other words, spatial and/or discursive. Millhauser’s spatial labyrinths (which I refer to as ‘architecture’ stories) involve the lengthy description of some immense or underground structure. The structures are fantastic in their size and often seem infinite in scale. These labyrinths are quite literal. Millhauser’s discursive labyrinths demonstrate the labyrinthine primarily through a forking, branching and repetitive narrative form. Millhauser’s use of the labyrinth is at once the same and different than preceding generations of short fiction. Postmodern short fiction in the 1960’s and 70’s used labyrinthine elements to draw the reader’s attention to the story’s textuality. Millhauser, too, writes in the experimental/fantastic mode, but to different ends. The devices of metafiction and realism are employed in his short fiction as agents of investigating and expressing two competing visions of reality. Using the ‘tricks’ and techniques of postmodern metafiction in tandem with realistic detail, Steven Millhauser’s labyrinthine fiction adjusts and reapplies the experimental short story to new ends: real-world applications and thematic expression.