The role of data analytics increases in several application domains to cope with the large amount of captured data. Generally, data analytics are data-intensive processes, whose efficient execution is a challenging task. Each process consists of a collection of related structured activities, where huge data sets have to be exchanged between several loosely coupled services. The implementation of such processes in a service-oriented environment offers some advantages, but the efficient realization of data flows is difficult. Therefore, we use this paper to propose a novel SOA-aware approach with a special focus on the data flow. The tight interaction of new cloud technologies with SOA technologies enables us to optimize the execution of data-intensive service applications by reducing the data exchange tasks to a minimum. Fundamentally, our core concept to optimize the data flows is found in data clouds. Moreover, we can exploit our approach to derive efficient process execution strategies regarding different optimization objectives for the data flows.

[pt] O compartilhamento e o gerenciamento de dados pessoais são atividades desafiadoras devido à grande quantidade de dados gerados, carregados e digitalizados por cidadãos para utilizar serviços, online ou não. Esse desafio afeta não apenas os cidadãos, mas também os controladores e processadores de dados, que são responsáveis pela segurança, privacidade, anonimato e uso de dados fundados em bases legais e no propósito inicial quando os dados foram solicitados. Nesse cenário, a proteção e regulamentação dedados entram em cena para organizar esse ambiente, propondo direitos e deveres aos agentes envolvidos. No entanto, cada país é livre para criar e empregar sua própria regulamentação de dados, como o GDPR na União Europeia e a LGPD no Brasil. Portanto, embora o objetivo seja proteger os cidadãos, as regulamentações podem apresentar regras diferentes com base em sua jurisdição. Nesse cenário, as ontologias surgem para identificar as entidades e relacionamentos e mostrá-los em um nível de abstração elevado, facilitando o alinhamento das ontologias com diferentes regulamentações. Para isso, desenvolvemos um meta modelo baseado em ontologias da GDPR para possibilitar a representação da LGPD com foco na base legal do consentimento. Além disso, propusemos o GoDReP (Geraçãod e Cenários de Regulamentação de Dados) para permitir que os atores representem a interpretação de sua legislação em um cenário de aplicação específico. Apresentamos então três cenários diferentes para exercitar a aplicação do GoDReP. Além disso, nesta tese, também propomos uma arquitetura de sistema multiagente normativo e inteligente (RegulAI) para representar os direitos e obrigações apresentados pela regulamentação de dados pessoais, bem como o processo de tomada de decisão dos agentes.Por fim, desenvolvemos um estudo de caso aplicando o RegulAI no cenário de open banking. / [en] Sharing and managing personal data are challenging due to the massive amount of data generated, uploaded, and digitalized, informed by data subjects to utilize services, online or not. This challenge disrespects not only the data subjects, but also data controllers and processors, which are responsible for security, privacy, anonymity, and data usage under the legal basis applied and the initial purpose when the data were required. In this scenario, data protection and regulation take place to organize this environment proposing rights and duties to the involved agents. However, each country is free to create and employ its data regulation, e.g., GDPR in European Union and LGPD in Brazil. Therefore, although the goal is to protect the data subjects, the regulations can present different rules based on their jurisdiction. In this scenario, ontologies emerge to identify the entities and relationships to show them at a high abstraction level, facilitating ontology alignment with different regulations. To do so, we developed a metamodel based on GDPR ontologies to enable the LGPD representation focused on the consent legal basis. Moreover, we proposed GoDReP (Generation of Data Regulation Plots) to allow actors to represent their law s interpretation in a specific application scenario. As a result, we set three scenarios to exercise the GoDReP application. Moreover, in this thesis, we also propose an intelligent normative multiagent system architecture (RegulAI) to represent the personal data regulation rights and obligations, as well as the agent s decision-making process. Finally, we developed a use case applying RegulAI in the open banking scenario.

One of the realities that developing countries like Nigeria have to face today is that national and international markets have become more and more interconnected through the global platform of telecommunications and the Internet. This global networked economy is creating a paradigm shift in the focus of development goals and strategies particularly for developing countries. Globalisation is driving the nations of the world more into political and economic integration. These integrations are enhanced by a globally interconnected network of economic and communication systems at the apex of which is the Internet. This network of networks thrives on and encourages the expansion of cross-border flows of ideas and information, goods and services, technology and capital. Being an active member of the global network economy is essential to Nigeria’s economic development. It must plug into the network or risk being shut out. The global market network operates by means of rules and standards that are largely set by the dominant players in the network. Data protection is a critical component of the regime of rules and standards that govern the global network economy; it is evolving into an international legal order that transcends geographical boundaries. The EU Directive on data protection is the de facto global standard for data protection; it threatens to exclude non-EU countries without an adequate level of privacy protection from the EU market. More than 50 countries have enacted data protection laws modelled on the EU standard. Access to the huge EU market is a major motivation for the current trend in global harmonisation of domestic data protection laws. This trend provides a compelling reason for examining the issues relating to data protection and trans-border data flows and their implications for Nigeria’s desire to integrate into the global network economy. There are two primary motivations for legislating restrictions on the flow of data across national boundaries. The first is the concern for the privacy of the citizens, and second, securing the economic well-being of a nation. It is important that Nigeria’s privacy protection keeps pace with international norms in the provision of adequate protection for information privacy order to prevent potential impediments to international trading opportunities. / Public, Constitutional, & International / LLD

One of the realities that developing countries like Nigeria have to face today is that national and international markets have become more and more interconnected through the global platform of telecommunications and the Internet. This global networked economy is creating a paradigm shift in the focus of development goals and strategies particularly for developing countries. Globalisation is driving the nations of the world more into political and economic integration. These integrations are enhanced by a globally interconnected network of economic and communication systems at the apex of which is the Internet. This network of networks thrives on and encourages the expansion of cross-border flows of ideas and information, goods and services, technology and capital. Being an active member of the global network economy is essential to Nigeria’s economic development. It must plug into the network or risk being shut out. The global market network operates by means of rules and standards that are largely set by the dominant players in the network. Data protection is a critical component of the regime of rules and standards that govern the global network economy; it is evolving into an international legal order that transcends geographical boundaries. The EU Directive on data protection is the de facto global standard for data protection; it threatens to exclude non-EU countries without an adequate level of privacy protection from the EU market. More than 50 countries have enacted data protection laws modelled on the EU standard. Access to the huge EU market is a major motivation for the current trend in global harmonisation of domestic data protection laws. This trend provides a compelling reason for examining the issues relating to data protection and trans-border data flows and their implications for Nigeria’s desire to integrate into the global network economy. There are two primary motivations for legislating restrictions on the flow of data across national boundaries. The first is the concern for the privacy of the citizens, and second, securing the economic well-being of a nation. It is important that Nigeria’s privacy protection keeps pace with international norms in the provision of adequate protection for information privacy order to prevent potential impediments to international trading opportunities. / Public, Constitutional, and International / LL. D.

CBM, une des expériences majeures du nouvel accélérateur FAIR en cours de construction au GSI (Darmstadt), a pour objectif d'explorer le diagramme des phases de la matière nucléaire dans la région des hautes densités baryoniques nettes. Un de ses principaux thèmes de physique est l'étude de la production des particules à charme ouvert dans les collisions d'ions lourds. La mesure directe de ces particules nécessite l’utilisation d’un détecteur de vertex très précis. La présente thèse est une contribution à la conception et au développement de ce détecteur, appelé MVD. Une première partie de la thèse concerne l’évaluation, à l’aide de simulations réalistes, des flots de données à transmettre par les capteurs qui équiperont la première génération du MVD. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les performances attendues des capteurs permettront de mener à bien le programme de physique de CBM. Une deuxième partie porte sur les performances attendues pour la reconstruction des particules à charme ouvert, à travers leur désintégration hadronique, dans les collisions Au+Au. Des simulations détaillées ont permis de démontrer que la reconstruction du méson D+ → π+ π+ K-, par exemple, est faisable avec une efficacité de reconstruction de 2% et un rapport signal/bruit de 1.5. La statistique attendue en deux mois de prises de données a été évaluée à environ 6.9 x 104 mésons D. Dans la dernière partie, il a été montré que cette statistique permettrait d’effectuer des études détaillées du flot elliptique intégré des mésons D. La mesure du flot elliptique différentiel de ces particules requerrait, cependant, des statistiques plus élevées, et donc l’utilisation de capteurs plus performants. / CBM, one of the main experiments of the new FAIR accelerator under construction at GSI (Darmstadt), aims at exploring the phase diagram of nuclear matter in the region of high net baryonic densities. The study of the production of open charm particles in heavy ion collisions is one of its main physics topics. The direct measurement of these particles requires the use of a very precise vertex detector. The present thesis is a contribution to the design and development of this detector called MVD (Micro Vertex Detector). A first part of the thesis concerns the assessment, by means of realistic simulations, of the data rate requirements for the sensors which will equip the first MVD generation. The results demonstrate that the expected performance of the sensors will allow CBM carrying out its physics program. A second part deals with the expected performance for the reconstruction of open charm particles, through their hadronic decay, in Au+Au collisions. Detailed simulations allowed demonstrating that the reconstruction of the D+ meson decaying into π+ π+ K-, for instance, is feasible with a reconstruction efficiency of 2% and a signal/background ratio of 1.5. The statistics expected after two months of data taking has been evaluated to about 6.9 x 104 D-mesons. In the last part, it has been established that this statistics would enable to carry out detailed studies of the integrated elliptic flow of D-mesons. The measurement of the differential elliptic flow of these particles would require, however, higher statistics, and hence the use of more performing sensors.

Submitted by Natalia de Souza Gonçalves (natalia.goncalves@ufpe.br) on 2016-09-28T12:33:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) GustavoHPCarvalho_Doutorado_CInUFPE_2016.pdf: 1763137 bytes, checksum: aed7b3ab2f6235757818003678633c9b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-28T12:33:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) GustavoHPCarvalho_Doutorado_CInUFPE_2016.pdf: 1763137 bytes, checksum: aed7b3ab2f6235757818003678633c9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / High trustworthiness levels are usually required when developing critical systems, and model based testing (MBT) techniques play an important role generating test cases from specification models. Concerning critical systems, these models are usually created using formal or semi-formal notations. Moreover, it is also desired to clearly and formally state the conditions necessary to guarantee that an implementation is correct with respect to its specification by means of a conformance relation, which can be used to prove that the test generation strategy is sound. Despite the benefits of MBT, those who are not familiar with the models syntax and semantics may be reluctant to adopt these formalisms. Furthermore, most of these models are not available in the very beginning of the project, when usually natural-language requirements are available. Therefore, the use of MBT is postponed. Here, we propose an MBT strategy for generating test cases from controlled naturallanguage (CNL) requirements: NAT2TEST, which refrains the user from knowing the syntax and semantics of the underlying notations, besides allowing early use of MBT via naturallanguage processing techniques; the formal and semi-formal models internally used by our strategy are automatically generated from the natural-language requirements. Our approach is tailored to data-flow reactive systems: a class of embedded systems whose inputs and outputs are always available as signals. These systems can also have timed-based behaviour, which may be discrete or continuous. The NAT2TEST strategy comprises a number of phases. Initially, the requirements are syntactically analysed according to a CNL we proposed to describe data-flow reactive systems. Then, the requirements informal semantics are characterised based on the case grammar theory. Afterwards, we derive a formal representation of the requirements considering a model of dataflow reactive systems we defined. Finally, this formal model is translated into communicating sequential processes (CSP) to provide means for generating test cases. We prove that our test generation strategy is sound with respect to our timed input-output conformance relation based on CSP: csptio. Besides CSP, we explore the generation of other target notations (SCR and IMR) from which we can generate test cases using commercial tools (T-VEC and RT-Tester, respectively). The whole process is fully automated by the NAT2TEST tool. Our strategy was evaluated considering examples from the literature, the aerospace (Embraer) and the automotive (Mercedes) industry. We analysed performance and the ability to detect defects generated via mutation. In general, our strategy outperformed the considered baseline: random testing. We also compared our strategy with relevant commercial tools. / Testes baseados em modelos (MBT) consiste em criar modelos para especificar o comportamento esperado de sistemas e, a partir destes, gerar testes que verificam se implementações possuem o nível de confiabilidade esperado. No contexto de sistemas críticos, estes modelos são normalmente (semi)formais e deseja-se uma definição precisa das condições necessárias para garantir que uma implementação é correta em relação ao modelo da especificação. Esta definição caracteriza uma relação de conformidade, que pode ser usada para provar que uma estratégia de MBT é consistente (sound). Apesar dos benefícios, aqueles sem familiaridade com a sintaxe e a semântica dos modelos empregados podem relutar em adotar estes formalismos. Aqui, propõe-se uma estratégia de MBT para gerar casos de teste a partir de linguagem natural controlada (CNL). Esta estratégia (NAT2TEST) dispensa a necessidade de conhecer a sintaxe e a semântica das notações formais utilizadas internamente, uma vez que os modelos intermediários são gerados automaticamente a partir de requisitos em linguagem natural. Esta estratégia é apropriada para sistemas reativos baseados em fluxos de dados: uma classe de sistemas embarcados cujas entradas e saídas estão sempre disponíveis como sinais. Estes sistemas também podem ter comportamento dependente do tempo (discreto ou contínuo). Na estratégia NAT2TEST, inicialmente, os requisitos são analisados sintaticamente de acordo com a CNL proposta neste trabalho para descrever sistemas reativos. Em seguida, a semântica informal dos requisitos é caracterizada utilizando a teoria de gramática de casos. Posteriormente, deriva-se uma representação formal dos requisitos considerando um modelo definido neste trabalho para sistemas reativos. Finalmente, este modelo é traduzido em uma especificação em communicating sequential processes (CSP) para permitir a geração de testes. Este trabalho prova que a estratégia de testes proposta é consistente considerando a relação de conformidade temporal baseada em entradas e saídas também definida aqui: csptio. Além de CSP, foi explorada a geração de outras notações formais (SCR e IMR), a partir das quais é possível gerar casos de teste usando ferramentas comerciais (T-VEC e RT-Tester, respectivamente). Todo o processo é automatizado pela ferramenta NAT2TEST. A estratégia NAT2TEST foi avaliada considerando exemplos da literatura, da indústria aeroespacial (Embraer) e da automotiva (Mercedes). Foram analisados o desempenho e a capacidade de detectar defeitos gerados através de operadores de mutação. Em geral, a estratégia NAT2TEST apresentou melhores resultados do que a referência adotada: testes aleatórios. A estratégia NAT2TEST também foi comparada com ferramentas comerciais relevantes.

This master’s thesis describes possibilities of usage of ZigBee communication protocol and integrated circuit ELM 327 in problem of realization universal diagnostic device, running by OBDII communication standards, which can be used to monitor function of all car´s electronic systems. Thesis also deals with design and realization of necessary electro technical devices and modules followed by compilation of control software and experimental measurements of these devices in real traffic flow. In the first part of project, there are reminded some basic features and parameters of OBDII, followed by description of ways how to use OBDII and adumbrating how to realize universal diagnostic system. The analysis of ZigBee system focused on XBee circuits follows. Construction, ways of data transfer and possibilities of controlling are described. Integrated circuits produced by ELM Electronics Company are introduced and possibilities of usage ELM 327 are described as requested by main task. Second part talks about designing of electronic circuits of this system, assembling schematic diagram and designing sources for production of PCB. Physical realization of these circuits and its first start is also included. Thesis finishes by dealing with practical experiences and measurements using real vehicles. This part talks also about means to improve system by several software solutions to reach more effective functioning of created device.