Canada’s official languages policy makes English and French the country’s official languages in federal institutions. The policy has succeeded in fostering equitable representation of both official languages groups in the federal public service and has improved capacities for the public service to serve the citizenry in its official language of choice. It is a puzzle however, that despite these advances, the Canadian federal public service continues to operate predominantly in English when both official languages on paper are equal languages of work. To explore this puzzle this dissertation asks: why, despite the promise of the Official Languages Act (OLA) 1969 for choice in language of work and the OLA 1988 that made the choice a claimable right, is there inequitable access to French as a language of work in the federal public service? Framed through a historical institutionalist approach and layering, this project analyzes the implementation of the official languages program in the federal public service from 1967-2013. This thesis argues that the implementation of the official languages program could not challenge the federal public service’s path dependency to operate predominantly in English. By analyzing the roles of actors and institutions that influenced the process, this dissertation finds that lack of structural change, inadequate managerial engagement and a false sense that official languages are engrained in the public service, can explain the persistence of English as the dominant language of work.

The theme of this work is documental evidence and their influence on the practice of the courts. The author‘s suggested concept of the documental evidence is given in the work. It is accentuated that documental evidence consists not only from the documents but also from various material things that contains important information for the case. The given classification of the documental evidence confirms the proposition that evidence can be expressed in various material objects in various ways. The exceptional attention is payed to official documental evidence that is very important for the court practice because it has a prima facie power and can not be denied by the evidence of witnesses´ (with some exceptions).

The present interview has as purpose to give comprehensive overview about the currentsituation of public procurement in our country, with emphasis on the goals achieved and the possible challenges of the matter; all of this in the frame on the reform of public procurement law. / La presente entrevista tiene como propósito dar un panorama del actual estado de la contratación pública en nuestro país, haciendo énfasis en los logros que se han ido alcanzados y los posibles retos de la misma; todo esto teniendo en cuenta la reciente reforma en la normativa de contratación pública.

In a State governed by the rule of law and respect for institutions, the power is never absolute, but rather a limited one. In that order, when public officials exceed their authority and attributions, the legal system should have a reaction.In the present article, the author realizes an explanation and an analysis about the abuse of authority crime. According to national and international doctrine, and Peruvian jurisprudence, the author presents how to understand the legal right protected, the objective and subjective tipicity, the active and passive subjects, as well as the sanction in this crime. / En un Estado democrático de Derecho, el poder nunca es absoluto, sino más bien limitado. En ese sentido, cuando los funcionarios públicos se exceden en sus funciones o atribuciones, corresponde una reacción de parte del ordenamiento.En el presente artículo, el autor realiza una explicación y un análisis sobre el delito de abuso de autoridad. De acuerdo a la doctrina nacional e internacional, y a la jurisprudencia peruana, el autor señala cómo entender el bien jurídico que se protege, la tipicidad objetiva y subjetiva, los sujetos activo y pasivo, así como la pena en este delito.

Members of the ambulance teams of Emergency Medical Services are increasingly becoming victims of assaults by patients, their close relatives or passers-by. Many of them does not end with only verbal threat or insult, but also with direct physical confrontations that affect not only the quality of pre-hospital care provided, but also the physical and psychological state of the crew members. On the contemporary risk of reprisal attacks aren't members of the Emergency Medical Service adequately prepared, equipped and mainly protected by law. Emergency Medical Service occupies a specific position with respect to powers and duties, which means to the level of legal protection in the same position as the basic components of the integrated rescue system. The theoretical part deals with the current level of legal protection of paramedic in practice. The beginning of work briefly defines and characterizes pre-hospital emergency care, which is the subject of daily activities of Emergency Medical Services. The analysis of laws listed the competencies of paramedic, then analysis of rights and obligations during the provision of pre-hospital care, but also offered a view of the recent changes in the legal protection or outlined the legal inequalities in Integrated Rescue System. The work also defined the risks of field emergency work and causes of aggression, which is causing attacks. The theoretical part is closed by chapter dealing with the consequences of the attacks themselves, which are taking their toll on the quality of pre-hospital care and the physical and mental state of paramedics. Introduction of practical part is dedicated to the processed statistical surveys. For the verification of research questions and for meeting the objective of this thesis was done supporting statistical surveys in order to determine the frequency of attack of paramedics in the individual regional emergency medical services in the period from 2010 to 2014, i.e. since amendment of the Criminal Code, which changed legal protection of paramedics. The aim is to evaluate the legal protection of paramedics in providing pre-hospital care and propose measures to improve its protection. The chosen research question determines what resources can be used to enhance the protection of paramedics For the practical part of the work was used the Region of South Bohemian, which was used for the qualitative method of data collection using structured interviews and subsequent analysis of data. Data collection was done through structured interviews and the sample consisted of 10-attackedparamedics in all regional centres of Emergency Medical Services in Region of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Český Krumlov, Jindřichův Hradec, Písek, Prachatice, Strakonice and Tábor. As the respondents' answers fixation method was used audio recording, followed by transcription of the audio into written form. By summarizing data obtained from structured interviews was carried The SWOT analysis based on the comparison of the internal and external environment in order to evaluate the legal protection in practice. From the percentages of the individual areas of the SWOT analysis has been chosen, for the needs of the work, WO strategy, which is aimed at eliminating weaknesses using the opportunities. From the apparent results of the level of legal protection, which is also demonstrated by the worsening prognosis of processed survey in the practical part from which is monitored an increase of attacks were in response suggested means to increase the legal protection of paramedics, which aim to minimize attacks on outreach EMS crew.

Caracterizar a apropriação da informação estatística oficial produzida pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) pela comunidade científica brasileira motivou a realização deste estudo quantitativo, baseado em técnicas bibliométricas e análise de citações. Foram analisadas 3.272 citações em 2.571 publicações científicas contidas na base de dados Web of Science (WoS) no período de 2001 a 2009. Com o uso do software Bibexcel e da planilha eletrônica Excel, os documentos citantes e citados foram analisados conforme as seguintes variáveis: áreas e temas das informações estatísticas produzidas pelo IBGE citadas; áreas do conhecimento dos pesquisadores que citam as informações estatísticas produzidas pelo IBGE; idioma dos documentos citantes; tipos de documentos citados e citantes; periódicos citantes; autores citantes; instituições dos autores citantes e país dos autores citantes. Os resultados apontaram que tanto a Estatística como a Geografia, as duas grandes áreas de assunto abordadas pelo IBGE, foram contempladas. O tema População foi o mais presente entre as publicações do IBGE citadas, e o Censo demográfico predominou, com 19,77% sobre as demais pesquisas citadas. A análise das áreas de conhecimento com base na classificação do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) revelou que não houve predomínio de uma área em relação às demais e que todas as nove áreas foram contempladas. O idioma predominante foi o inglês, com 61,96% dos documentos citantes analisados. O tipo de documento citante predominante foi o Artigo, com 91,40% sobre o total. E em relação ao tipo de documento citado, entre as publicações do IBGE, a categoria Monografia esteve presente em 52,35% das citações analisadas. Entre os periódicos citantes evidenciou-se 805 títulos diferentes, sendo 88,95% estrangeiros e 11,05% nacionais. Os periódicos mais citantes são nacionais. Os autores são predominantemente brasileiros (80,68%), pesquisadores de instituições de ensino e pesquisa. Nas instituições de filiação dos autores há a predominância das instituições nacionais, com 640 (58,82%) instituições, enquanto que as estrangeiras têm uma representação um pouco menor, com 442 (40,62%) instituições diferentes, e as instituições de abrangência internacional representam menos de 1%. Com base nos resultados apurados é possível concluir que as informações estatísticas são apropriadas pelos pesquisadores brasileiros provenientes de todas as áreas do conhecimento e que o método bibliométrico pode ser aplicado para o acompanhamento e a prospecção dessa apropriação. / The characterization of the appropriation of official statistical information, produced by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), by brazilian scientific community motivated this quantitative study, based on techniques of bibliometric and citation analysis. Were analyzed 3,272 citations in 2,571 scientific publications contained in the database Web of Science (WoS) for the period 2001 to 2009. Using the software Bibexcel and spreadsheet Excel, the citing and cited documents were analyzed according to the following variables: areas and subject of statistical information produced by the IBGE cited; areas of knowledge of the researchers who cited the statistical information produced by the IBGE; language of citing documents, types of documents citing, citing journals, citing authors, institutions and country of the citing authors. The results showed that both the Geography and Statistics, the two major subject areas addressed by the IBGE, were served. The subject Population was more present in 30.62% of the citations and the Censo demográfico predominated with 19.77% over other reported studies. The analysis of the knowledge areas, based on the classification of Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), revealed no predominance of one area over others and that all nine areas were covered. The predominant language is English with 61.96% of citing documents analyzed. Regarding the type of document citing, articles are predominat, with a total of 91.40%. When the type of the document cited is analyzed, the category Monoghaph reach 52.35% of the citations analyzed. In relation to the citing journals were found 805 different titles, being 88.95% and 11.05% international and nacional respectively. The journals more citing are national. The authors are predominantly brazilians (80.68%), researchers from educational institutions and researchers. When analysed the author‟s institutional affiliation there is a predominance of national institutions with 640 (58.82%), followed by the foreign ones with 442 (40.62%) and different international institutions represent less of 1%. Based on the results it is possible to conclude that the statistical information are appropriated by Brazilian researchers in all areas of knowledge and the bibliometric method can be applied for monitoring and exploration of this appropriation.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar uma proposta de Qualificação de Fornecedores passível de aplicação no âmbito dos Laboratórios Oficiais, e de alguma forma contribuir para a produção nacional, agregando qualidade aos insumos adquiridos e por conseqüência aos medicamentos produzidos pela Rede Pública, enriquecendo e qualificando o Parque Industrial Nacional e o Patrimônio Público. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Laboratório Oficial da Fundação Ezequiel Dias em Belo Horizonte (FUNED), MG, tendo sido reunidas informações dos Setores de Compras, Almoxarifado de Recebimento de Insumos, Planejamento de Produção, Garantia da Qualidade, Controle de Qualidade e Produção de Medicamentos. A pesquisa foi delineada através da Análise Documental dos registros que remeteram ao histórico de aquisição de insumos no ano de 2007. Foram analisadas AF (Autorizações de Fornecimento), AR (Autorizações de Recebimento), Check List de Recebimento de Insumos, Boletins da Divisão de Controle de Qualidade com registros de Análise Físico-Química de Matérias Primas, Relatórios de Não conformidade de Produto Acabado e de Matéria Prima. Houve revisão e adaptação do Método de Petrus para Qualificação de Fornecedores, especificamente para o Setor Farmacêutico. Os resultados alcançados demonstraram de forma positiva que a utilização da adaptação do Método de Petrus pode auxiliar na qualificação de insumos farmacêuticos, mas também demonstrou algumas dificuldades que remeteram a pesquisa à importância da Pré-Qualificação de Fornecedores na busca da Certificação e da Garantia da Qualidade dos medicamentos produzidos pelos Laboratórios Oficiais. / The aim of this study was to analyse a proposal of qualification of suppliers which could be applied in official laboratories, and somehow contribute for the national production, adding quality to purchased inputs and thus the drugs produced by the Brazilian governmental industry. These would enrich and qualify the national industry and public patrimony. This research was developed at Fundaçao Ezequiel Dias – FUNED’s Official Laboratory, in Belo Horizonte, MG. It was used information by Purchase, Warehouses, Production Planning, Quality Guaranties, Quality Control and Drug’s Production Departments. This study was designed by documentary analysis of records which recalled the historic acquisition in 2007. SA (supply authorizations), RA (receipt authorization), receipt of supply checklist, bulletins from the division of quality control with records of physic-chemical analysis of raw material, reports non-conformity of finished products and of raw materials were analysed. The Petrus’ Method for supplier’s qualification was revised and adapted, specifically for the pharmaceutical sector. The results showed that the use of the adaptation of Petrus’ Method can help qualify the pharmaceutical supplies but it also demonstrated some difficulties which pointed out the importance of pre-qualification of suppliers when aiming for the certification and quality guarantee for the produced drugs by official laboratories

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:16:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 APENDICE.pdf: 16224 bytes, checksum: c67c2b13b19ab699230bae7d262fe277 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-24 / The aim of this study is to verify how teachers formation in their writing process interferes with their strategies in classroom. The investigation of documents and support materials produced from 1978 to 2008, decade by decade, in order to recognize the approach writing production in different historical contexts makes up the documentary research. National and state contexts study comes first of these documents analysis. Questionnaires applied to teachers and students and its analysis lead to some possibilities of relationship changes among teachers, students and written production. António Nóvoa and Donald Schön underlie both aspects related to questionnaires responses and reports on the process of educators knowledge. / O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar como a formação de professores em seu processo de escrita interfere em suas estratégias em sala de aula. Investigar documentos e materiais de apoio produzidos desde 1978 até 2008, década a década, visando reconhecer a abordagem da produção escrita em diferentes contextos históricos compõe a pesquisa documental. À análise desses documentos precede o estudo dos contextos nacional e estadual. Questionários aplicados a professores e a estudantes e análise desse material encaminham a algumas possibilidades de alteração na relação entre professores, alunos e a produção escrita. António Nóvoa e Donald Schön fundamentam aspectos tanto relacionados às respostas dos questionários e relatos quanto ao processo de formação de educadores.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-19T13:52:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 7.pdf: 1259773 bytes, checksum: c014c0a8beba83eb25b192dcfc910ae7 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos/Farmanguinhos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. / O papel e atuação de Farmanguinhos/FIOCRUZ, em parceria com o Ministério da Saúde, na produção de medicamentos com qualidade e eficácia para a população possuem reconhecimento nacional e internacional. Existe uma dependência em relação a um conjunto de fatores que integram poder econômico, questões sociais e bases legais, necessitando assim,como um de seus alicerces, de uma gestão estratégica competente, moderna, transparente e focada em resultados.Utilizando-se como referência a metodologia de gestão estratégica organizacional conhecida como Balanced Scorecard (BSC) e as exigências dos órgãos reguladores direcionadas às indústrias farmacêuticas, foi proposto um modelo de BSC para Farmanguinhos, representado na forma de Mapa Estratégico. Este modelo foi baseado nas diretrizes e fundamentos tradicionais da metodologia mencionada, com foco na administração pública. Foram realizadas, a partir de um questionário semi-estruturado, entrevistas junto a cinquenta e dois gestores de Farmanguinhos, com o propósito de levantar informações que fundamentassem a elaboração de um Mapa Estratégico. A partir das entrevistas foi realizado o tratamento das informações coletadas, sua classificação e organização das mesmas por temas importantes para a administração da Unidade. Os dados obtidos com o projeto permitiram a proposição de um Mapa Estratégico customizado para Farmanguinhos. O Mapa, apresentado neste estudo, é um instrumento a ser avaliado pela alta gestão da Instituição e necessita passar por um processo de validação antes de sua efetiva aplicação na rotina desta Instituição. A contribuição deste trabalho para a Unidade é o contínuo aprimoramento na condução das estratégias de Farmanguinhos. Pretende-se, com a elaboração desta proposta, contribuir com a gestão estratégica de Farmanguinhos, como unidade vinculada ao Ministério da Saúde, visando a obtenção de resultados necessários à uma indústria farmacêutica pública. Espera-se também que esta modelagem seja promotora de maior confiança e efetividade das suas ações, assim como, maior visibilidade, transparência, integração e controle social de suas atividades, com consequente melhora no atendimento frente às demandas do Ministério da Saúde. / The role and performance of the Farmanguinhos/FIOCRUZ, in partnership with the Health Ministry, in the production of quality and effectiveness medicines for population, possesses national and international acknowledgement. There is a reliance on a set of factors that include economic power, social and ethical issues and also legal bases, thus necessitating, as one of its foundations, a competent strategic management, modern, transparent and focused on results. Using as reference the organizational strategic management methodology known as Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and the requirements of regulators directed to pharmaceutical industries, it has proposed a BSC model for Farmanguinhos, represented as a Strategy Map. This model was based on the guidelines and rationale of the traditional method mentioned, with a focus on public administration. They were made, from a semi-structured questionnaire, interviews with fifty-two Farmanguinhos’s managers, for the purpose of gathering information to substantiate the development of a Strategy Map. From the interviews,it was carried out the processing of collected information, their classification and their organization by important issues to the unit administration. The datas obtained from the project allowed to propose a customized strategic map for Farmanguinhos. The map, presented in this study, isan instrument that will be evaluated by senior management of the institution and has to go through a validation process before its effective implementation in the institution routine. The contribution of this work is to drive the continuous improvement in the conduct of Farman guinhos’ strategies. The aim of this proposal is to contribute to the st rategic management of Farmanguinhos, as a unit under the Health Ministry,in order to obtain the required results to a pharmaceutical public industry. It is also hoped that this model will promote greater of confidence and effectiveness related to their actions, as well as greater visibility, transparency, integration and social control of its activities, with consequent improvement in the service meet according to demands of the Health Ministry.

Orientador: Fernanda Cátia Bozelli / Resumo: Apesar de existir vários atributos que justificam o ensino de Astronomia nas escolas, ainda é possível verificar nos últimos anos, por meio de pesquisas, que professores apresentam dificuldades em abordar esse conhecimento. Deste modo, que ensino de Astronomia tem sido praticado nas escolas considerando-se uma quantidade relevante de pesquisas já existentes na área de Ensino de Ciências, bem como de orientações oficiais? Esse e outros questionamentos levantados no contato com materiais didáticos, professores, escolas e leituras de pesquisas em ensino de Ciências levaram a seguinte questão de pesquisa: Comparando-se o Discurso Oficial e o de professores que lecionam Física, o que se pode dizer acerca do ensino de temas relacionados à Astronomia no Ensino Médio? Nesta pesquisa, buscou-se comparar o Discurso Oficial, proveniente de documentos oficiais (Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (PCNEM), Currículo do Estado de São Paulo, Orientações Curriculares Complementares aos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN+), Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (DCNEM)) e o Discurso do Professor que leciona Física, a fim de se discutir o que é possível dizer acerca do ensino de temas relacionados a Astronomia. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e foi realizada com professores que lecionam a disciplina de Física no primeiro Ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública do interior do estado de São Paulo por meio da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas.... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Although there are several attributes to justify astronomy teaching in schools, it is possible to verify in recent years, through research, that teachers have difficulties in working with this topic. Thus, what kind of Astronomy teaching has been practiced in schools considering a relevant amount of research already existing in the area of Science Teaching, as well as official guidelines? This and other questions raised through the contact with teaching materials, teachers, schools and readings of research in science teaching led the following research question: Comparing the Official Discourse and that one of Physics teachers, what can be said about the teaching topics related to Astronomy in High School? In this research, we sought to compare the Official Discourse, from official documents (National Curriculum Parameters for Secondary Education (PCNEM), State of São Paulo Curriculum, Complementary Curricular Guidelines for National Curricular Parameters (PCN +), National Curricular Guidelines for High School (DCNEM)) and the Professor's Discourse of Physics teachers, in order to discuss what can be said about the topics related to astronomy teaching. The research has a qualitative nature and was carried out with Physics teachers that lecture in the first year of high school of a public institution in the state of São Paulo, through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was based on the French Discourse Analysis using Eni Orlandi’s framework. The results show that the te... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre