The SRA-10 is a tactile instrument which provides hearing impaired subjects with acoustic transforms that can be easily discriminated on the skin. Whether or not the SRA-10 is an effective means of training speech-language skills in profoundly hearing impaired subjects was the focus of this investigation. Two profoundly hearing impaired subjects were trained on phonetic reception/production tasks and on discrimination of multisyllabic words. Each subject served as his own control, wearing the SRA-10 for 14, 30 minute sessions, and a Bioacoustics 70-B auditory training unit for the same period of time. Results indicated a greater correct performance gain function with the SRA-10 than with the 70-B, suggesting that speech perception/production training using the SRA-10 or similar device would be superior to training using acoustic amplification.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1981. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Bibliography: leaves 185-192. / by Marcia Ann Bush. / Ph.D.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of the quantity of adult language input on their deaf and hard-of-hearing preschool children and to explore the effects, if any, on the child’s quantity of language, vocabulary development, and basic concept understanding. Using audio recording and the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) software, the study involved 30 preschool children with hearing loss who used spoken language as their communication modality and 7 children with normal hearing. Their language and the language spoken to them in all waking-hours of a two-day period (16 hours per day) were recorded and analyzed quantitatively as adult word counts (AWC), child vocalizations (CVC), and conversational turns (CTC). These components were compared to the child’s performance on the Boehm Test of Basic Concepts (BTBC-3) and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-4) to investigate if the quantity of language input had an effect on the child’s usage of vocabulary and basic concepts. Correlations were found between the amount of adult words, child vocalizations, and conversational turns across weekends and weekdays, but not on BTBC-3 or PPVT-4 scores. Interestingly, there were no significant differences between adult word counts and child vocalizations as a function of the child’s hearing loss, indicating parents of deaf or hard-of-hearing children are using as many words with their children as parents of children with normal hearing. Additionally, scores on the BTBC-3 and PPVT-4 were correlated with each other, but there wasn’t a statistically significant difference between the mean scores for children with normal hearing and the children with hearing loss, indicating both groups scored similarly on the assessment. Results from this study suggest the language used around children impacts their language use and the amount of interactions they have in their environment. This is significant because it identifies the influence of the quantity of adult language input on the child’s language development.

No description available.

Thesis (MTech(Education))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009 / When a child enters formal education a certain level of development and experience is expected. If there is a language deficit or shortfall upon entering formal schooling, a negative perception of schooling can develop, resulting in a low level of success in the classroom. Research has clearly shown that learners with a hearing deficit, and who received very little stimulation at an early age, tended to develop a language deficit which hampered their entrance into, as well as their performance in mainstream education. The ideal is thus that a child should experience success in the learning process at the earliest possible stage. Hereupon he can develop and realise his full potential as a human being. Children who experience early success should be more capable of coping with the challenges that schooling and learning present. If these learners receive early intervention to support their language development it could lead to being more successful in mainstream education. Learners with a cochlear implant must receive intensive hearing and communicative training. They are taught how to effectively interpret the sound relayed by the implant, and thereafter, if possible, be able to use this "hearing ability" to enter into interactive spoken language. Motivation and support from parents, family and friends is a determining factor in the successful use of the implant. This should lead to a learner being able to reach his full potential. From the research conducted it has become evident that the language deficit retrogression of the child leads to under-achievement when formal schooling begins.This is because of different hearing difficulties. However, if such a pre-school child is assisted and supported at an early stage through effective intervention strategies, language deficit can be decreased or even completely cured. In this study a learner who had received a cochlear implant, was closely observed. A significant improvement in his language ability was evinced. The action research study was an individualised teaching and learning situation with a learner who had a cochlear implant and with a language deficit. Over a period of 19 months different intervention strategies were used to improve the learner's language ability. The intervention strategies which were successful can be used as a possible point of departure for further research and study to give educators and parents a better insight into this problem. Through intensive research these findings can be developed as a possible support system or methodolgy for educators in the inclusive classroom.

Doctorat en sciences psychologiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

This thesis sets out the rationale and design for a speech programme for Deaf learners to be implemented by teachers in the classroom. Theoretical and empirical research are provided to support its design. Speech teaching is set against a backdrop of current issues so that the programme is seen to take cognisance of these. To this end the disappointment and conflict which surround speech teaching and newer educational and audiological trends are described. Following this, the deviant speech of the Deaf is described. Prevocal aspects of speech production, namely aberrant repiratory functioning and deviant vocal set are described. The latter is a term coined for this research to denote psychological, functional, physical and neural changes that deleteriously affect the speech of the Deaf. Suprasegmental and segmental problems are next delineated. An argument that supports the view that vowels are less accessible to correction than consonants is proposed to explain the empahasis accorded to consonants. Hereafter, theories of speech teaching are set out to clarify their incorporation into the proposed programme. Critiques of Haycock, the Ewings, Ling and van Uden are provided. The role of computers and biofeedback is evaluated. The Whole Language Approach to mainstream education, the phonological method of speech correction, and creative techniques, speech arid drama, and singing, are described in relation to speech instruction for Deaf learners. Empirical research that investigates attitudes and needs of educators of Deaf children, with the emphasis on the class teacher, is delineated. Finally, the proposed programme is presented emphasising its potential to interrupt the current self perpetuating negative cycle. Theoretical principles are a defocus on lipreading cues to provide information on speech production, restriction of digital contact with the larynx or throat, repeated cycles of intervention at phonetic and phonological levels, and the employment of five multisensory avenues to enhance speech perception. The latter are orosensory, graphic, kinaesthetic, hand analogies and use of inanimate objects. Skills targeted for development are control of vocal organs, suprasegmental, segmental and phonological development. The fit of the proposed programme to the education paradigm in terms of learner, teacher and school system is described. The thesis concludes with an evaluation of the programme and recommendations for future research. / Thesis (DPhil (Communication Pathology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / unrestricted

The present study was designed to investigate the perceptual and spectrographic features of vocal effort in the speech of severely to profoundly hearing-impaired children and their normal hearing agemates. Recorded vowel and speech samples were obtained from ten normal hearing children, ten severely to profoundly hearing-impaired children attending Oral/Aural educational programs, and eight severely to profoundly hearing-impaired children attending Total Communication programs. The degree of perceived vocal effort for vowels and speech was evaluated, using a nine point equal-appearing-interval scale. In order to obtain a physical measurement for vocal effort, a digital wave analyzer was used to produce vowel spectra, and the amount of in-harmonic (noise) components in each spectrum was indexed as spectral noise level.

O presente trabalho abordou a intervenção fonoaudiológica que é proposta para aquisição da linguagem em crianças surdas. A relevância desse estudo prende-se ao fato de que nos últimos anos críticas estão sendo tecidas à conduta desse profissional nesse atendimento e são poucas as publicações que retratam dos conceitos teóricos, bem como as filosofias de educação/reabilitação empregados na terapia fonoaudiológica com esses indivíduos. Sabemos que dependendo da escolha teórica que fundamenta a intervenção, esse atendimento poderá contribuir ou não para uma maior evolução da terapia. Logo, o propósito dessa pesquisa foi analisar os conceitos teóricos que estão sendo empregados no trabalho fonoaudiológico com surdos, articulando com as filosofias de reabilitação. Para tal, observamos a coerência entre o discurso e a prática clínica, tomando como base as respostas oferecidas por duas terapeutas que trabalham com surdos e dois estudos de caso de crianças que apresentam surdez bilateral. Utilizamos como instrumento de coleta de dados uma entrevista semi-estruturada e como material de estudo recortes discursivos das terapias gravadas em fita K7. A interpretação dos dados fundamentou se em uma análise temática. Constatamos através dos resultados da presente pesquisa que o trabalho das terapeutas, está baseado na corrente behaviorista, que pode ser evidenciada através das atividades de repetição. A perspectiva interacionista marcada na entrevista de ambas as terapeutas, não foi observada na prática clínica. As profissionais trabalharam apenas conceitos isolados. Elas relataram empregar no trabalho com surdos as três filosofias de reabilitação desses indivíduos: oralista, bilinguista e comunicação total, mas nenhuma delas foi observada nas terapias. Sugerimos que novas investigações sejam realizadas no intuito de aprofundar os conhecimentos a respeito dos conceitos teóricos e filosofias de reabilitação de surdos na clínica fonoaudiológica / This study addressed the speech therapy that is proposed for the acquisition of language in deaf children. The relevance of this study relates to the fact that in recent years criticisms being leveled against the participation of professional service and that there are few publications that depict the theoretical concepts and philosophies of education / rehabilitation used in speech therapy with these individuals . We know that depending on the choice theory that underlies the intervention, this service may or may not contribute to further development of the therapy. Once the purpose of this study was to analyze the theoretical concepts that are being employed in work with deaf speech, articulating with the philosophy of rehabilitation. For this we observe the consistency between theory and clinical practice, based on two case studies of children with bilateral deafness. Used as an instrument of data collection a semi-structured and as study material discursives therapies tape-K7. The interpretation of the data was based - in a thematic analysis. We see through the results of this research that the work of therapists, is based on current behavioral, which can be evidenced through the activities of repetition. The interactionist perspective marked in the interview of both therapists was not observed in clinical practice. The professionals worked only isolated concepts. They reported use in working with deaf the three philosophies of rehabilitation of these individuals: oral, total communication and bilingualism, but none was observed in therapy. We suggest that further investigations be carried out in order to deepen the knowledge about the theoretical concepts and philosophies of rehabilitation of the deaf in the speech clinic

Doctorat en sciences psychologiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished