My work is a tribute to the disintegration of built environments, and the chaos and disturbance that it brings into the idea of what a city should look like. An ode to the ruins that are witnesses to destructive social and economic systems and that tell the stories of the life that once inhabited them. A comment and critique on humanities way of ruining everything: world that we live in and our self; a destructive behaviour that we refuse to admit we have, and desperately try to hide. We polish the façades and fake our appearance in order to keep the illusion. I am discussing the concept of ruin romanticism, comparing the garden ruins of the eighteenth century to the urban exploration of abandoned places of modern society, the fascination for what once was, but are no more and the different feelings these places might arouse. I describe how I through experiments with dying, deconstructed screen printing and distressing, manipulate fabrics to create an illusion of brick walls. And how I through experiments with display, sound and light explore solutions for creating the dystopic atmosphere of abandoned places in a textile installation. My biggest inspiration is the inevitable downfallof the urban landscape and I am romanticising the imperfections and the flaws. I take what is understood as ugly by the rules of aesthetics, make it beautiful, and put it on a pedestal.

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Les conflits armés ont toujours été émaillés de nombreuses exactions commises contre les populations civiles, notamment lorsque la guerre présentait une dimension identitaire ou politique relativement affirmée. C'est encore le cas dans de nombreux conflits contemporains. Le droit international n'a pourtant cessé de se renforcer pour garantir à ces populations une meilleure protection contre les effets des hostilités, notamment par la signature de plusieurs conventions internationales à La Haye ou Genève qui constituent aujourd'hui le socle du droit international humanitaire. Il existe donc un contraste flagrant entre l'état du droit et la protection effective des populations sur le terrain. Pourquoi ? Recentré sur l'analyse de la conflictualité contemporaine, ce travail s'efforce d'en rechercher la cause dans l'évolution des cadres de référence des combattants et dans la manière dont ils influent sur leur définition de l'ennemi et sur leur conception de la place des civils dans la guerre. Il démontre comment l'évolution des causes de conflit comme de la pratique des combattants dans les guerres asymétriques ou déstructurées tend à replacer toujours plus les civils au coeur de la guerre. Cela ne signifie pas pour autant que le droit international humanitaire, adopté pour l'essentiel à l'issue des deux Guerres mondiales et au cours des années 1970, soit obsolète. De fait, au contraire, ses principales règles relatives à la protection des populations civiles sont assez souples pour s'adapter aux défis que posent les conflits contemporains, pour peu que les combattants veuillent les appliquer et en faire une interprétation raisonnable et de bonne foi / Armed conflicts have always been interspersed with numerous abuses committed against the civilian populations, notably when the war was of identity or political nature. This is also the case in number of modern conflicts. International law has however continued to strengthen in order to guarantee better protection to civilians against the effect of hostilities, notably by the signing of several conventions at the Hague and Geneva, which today constitute the basis of international humanitarian law. There is, therefore, a sharp contrast between the state of the law and the effective protection of civilians on the field. Why ? Refocusing on the analysis of modern conflicts, this work attempts to look for the cause in the development of soldier's references and in the way they influence their definition of the enemy and their conception of the role of civilians in war. It demonstrates how the evolution of the causes of conflict and the practices of soldiers in asymmetric and deconstructed conflicts tend to place more and more civilians at the heart of the war. This does not mean that international humanitarian law, adopted for the main part after the two World wars and during the seventies, is obsolete. On the contrary, its principal rules relative to the protection of the civilians are flexible enough to adapt to the challenges of modern conflicts, as long as the soldiers are willing to apply them and interpret them reasonably and honestly

Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-30T20:24:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissDESS.pdf: 17629378 bytes, checksum: f3d834b63a282767f1bbd29b43630577 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-10T19:47:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissDESS.pdf: 17629378 bytes, checksum: f3d834b63a282767f1bbd29b43630577 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-10T19:48:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissDESS.pdf: 17629378 bytes, checksum: f3d834b63a282767f1bbd29b43630577 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T19:48:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissDESS.pdf: 17629378 bytes, checksum: f3d834b63a282767f1bbd29b43630577 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-28 / Não recebi financiamento / When mankind began its relationship with nature, the space started to suffer transformations as a consequence of this interaction. The urban landscape of the cities, seen as a mixture of new and old spatial interventions and directly related to destructions, the modifications and possible vestiges of natural space appear as a scenario that must be studied, understood and diagnosed. “space deconstruction” stands right in the recovery of this totality, the essence of constructions and anthropic actions; as a new way of looking at the city we are producing. The present dissertation proposes to identify and classify the “free deconstructed spaces” of a perimeter selected from the central quadrilateral region of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil (the historical center of Ribeirão Preto), indicating likely areas to receiving possible occupations of social interest housing and urban public policy instruments that can motivate such actions and make them feasible. In light of this, analysis criteria were created based on the typologies of the “minimal deconstruction”, as a method to characterize and hierarchize these spaces. The results allowed us to identify requalification processes of central areas of the cities, while not only conserving a greater constructive and architectural patrimony, but also engaging them socially. / Quando o homem iniciou sua relação com a natureza, o espaço passou a ser transformado como consequência dessa interação. A paisagem urbana das cidades vista como a mescla das novas e antigas intervenções espaciais, diretamente relacionadas com as destruições, as modificações e os possíveis resquícios de espaço natural, apresenta-se como um cenário que necessita ser investigado, entendido e diagnosticado. É justamente no resgate dessa totalidade, da essência das construções e das ações antrópicas, que a “desconstrução espacial” está inserida; como uma nova forma de olhar a cidade que produzimos. A presente dissertação propõe identificar e classificar os “espaços desconstruídos livres” em um perímetro selecionado do quadrilátero central de Ribeirão Preto – SP, (o centro histórico de Ribeirão Preto), indicando as áreas com vocação para possíveis ocupações de habitação de interesse social e quais instrumentos da política pública urbana possam motivar e viabilizar tais ações. Diante disso, foram elaborados critérios de análise a partir das tipologias da “desconstrução mínima”, como método para caracterizar e hierarquizar estes espaços. Os resultados permitiram-nos vislumbrar processos de requalificação de áreas centrais das cidades, de forma, ao mesmo tempo, não só a conservar um maior patrimônio construtivo e arquitetônico, como a engajá-los socialmente.