This project is a site specific based exploration into the boundaries between the domestic home and the navigation of the anxious corporeal body which dwells in the space. These connections open up ways of mapping anxiety brought on through intrusive thoughts surrounding contamination (in relation to Obsessive Compulsive Disorder). The corporal navigation of the domestic is fuelled by the thoughts and their control over the notions of fear and anxiety surrounding the transferring of contaminated material from the external temporal world (dust and organic matter) into the internal sterile environment through movement or fissures in the fabric of the dwelling. The project explores the notions of the domestic space being formed into a container for the intrusive thoughts through physical acts of decontaminating, containment, sealing and expelling the elements of dirt; the body and the home become a hybrid entity alluding to the extreme control which forms and takes over the domestic space.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2006. / Principal faculty advisor: Daniel K. Cha, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering. Includes bibliographical references.

The translocation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 as well as the impact of water washing and partial or complete surface trimming as possible pathogen reduction strategies were evaluated for vacuum-packaged beef subprimals destined for non-intact use. Cap-on and cap-off beef top sirloin butts were inoculated with two levels of E. coli O157:H7! a high-inoculum at approximately 10^4 CFU/cm^2 and a low-inoculum at approximately 10^2 CFU/cm^2. Following inoculation, the subprimals were vacuum packaged and stored for either 0, 14, or 28 days. Upon opening, the following sites were evaluated: exterior of the bag, purge, the inoculation site on the subprimal, the area adjacent to the inoculation site, and the surface opposite from the inoculation site. The following treatments then were applied: water wash, water wash followed by full-surface trimming, water wash followed by partial-surface trimming, full-surface trimming, full-surface trimming followed by water wash, partial-surface trimming, and partial-surface trimming followed by water wash. For both high and low inoculated top sirloin butts, contamination of adjacent and opposite surfaces was found after vacuum packaging. Of the treatments applied, water washing alone and partial-surface trimming were the least effective for both high and low inoculated subprimals. Full trimming, with or without a water wash, proved to be the most effective treatment used to reduce E. coli O157:H7 to non-detectable levels.

No description available.

Twenty-one market-age swine slaughtered in the University of Kentuckyabattoir were inoculated with fecal slurry containing two strains of nalidixic acidresistant Salmonella typhimurium on the ham, belly, and jowl regions on eachside of the carcass. Trial 1 revealed that a 10 s hot water spray was just aseffective as the 20 s spray in removing S. typhimurium, as there was nodistinguishable difference in population. The shorter flame singe (10 s) was aseffective as the 20 s application and the two chlorine solutions (100, 200 ppm)had similar results. The 2% lactic acid spray reduced S. typhimurium populationssignificantly more than the 1% treatment. Trial 2 compared the four mostefficient levels of each intervention method. Efficacy of the intervention methodswas observed in the following order: Hot water (10 s) andgt; Chlorine (50 ppm) =Lactic acid (2%) andgt; Flame (10 s). The effect of carcass area was significantfollowing the post treatment hot water rinse. The jowl area was least accessibleby the high pressure water spray. However after the treatment applications, hotwater rinse, and 24 h chill (2??C) there was no significant difference betweentreated and untreated carcasses or between carcass areas.

This project is a site specific based exploration into the boundaries between the domestic home and the navigation of the anxious corporeal body which dwells in the space. These connections open up ways of mapping anxiety brought on through intrusive thoughts surrounding contamination (in relation to Obsessive Compulsive Disorder). The corporal navigation of the domestic is fuelled by the thoughts and their control over the notions of fear and anxiety surrounding the transferring of contaminated material from the external temporal world (dust and organic matter) into the internal sterile environment through movement or fissures in the fabric of the dwelling. The project explores the notions of the domestic space being formed into a container for the intrusive thoughts through physical acts of decontaminating, containment, sealing and expelling the elements of dirt; the body and the home become a hybrid entity alluding to the extreme control which forms and takes over the domestic space.

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Auburn University, / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen.

Search-and -rescue (SAR) teams spend days and sometimes weeks in the field following a disaster. After completing their assigned mission, handlers and canines return to base, potentially bringing contaminated material with them. There were 3 objectives for this study; (1) the effects of cleanser and equipment materials on the efficiency of decontamination protocols, (2) the effects of improved treatments on the efficiency of decontamination protocols and (3) the use of field kits and improved training on decontamination techniques in the field. In the first study, straps (n = 54) were cut from biothane, leather and nylon. Straps were washed with three kinds of cleansers; Dawn dishwashing detergent, Johnson and Johnson’s Head-to-toe baby wash and Simple Green. In addition, three different types of treatments: 5-minute soak (A), double 5-minute soak (B) and a 3-minute soak with a 2-minute agitation (C). In the second study, straps (n = 40) of leather and nylon were utilized. Unlike the previous study, only Dawn dishwashing detergent and Johnson and Johnson’s Head-To-Toe-Baby Wash were selected as cleansers for decontamination. In addition, improved treatments (PW or SK) were created and utilized to further decontaminant the straps. The finally part of the study utilized canine teams (n = 10), composed of canine and handlers and were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Groups were structured as follows: TRAINED (n = 5) received 30-minutes of interactive training (using the illustrated guide contained in the kit) on proper utilization of equipment provided; UNTRAINED (n = 5) received the same field kit and an illustrated guide with no interactive training. An oil-based pseudocontaminant (GloGerm®) was topically applied to the straps in the first two studies and then to four anatomic sites on the canine participants: cranial neck, between the shoulder blades, left medial hindlimb and hind left paw in the last study. Pre- and post-images were taken of the straps and at the four anatomical locations prior to and following decontamination. Images were analyzed via two methods 1) categorical scores; 2) measured fluorescent reduction. Categorical scores were assigned, using two blinded reviewers (Venable et. al., 2017). The categorical scores were allotted as follows: 0 = <24% contaminant reduction; 1 = 25-50% contaminant reduction; 2 = 51-75% contaminant reduction; and 3 = >76% contaminant reduction (Lee et al., 2014). No score discrepancies >1 were observed between reviewers. Score data were analyzed using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC), as a Chi Square with PROC FREQ and measurement data were analyzed using PROC ANOVA. Results in the first study indicate that material (P = .2331), cleanser (P = .2156) and treatment (P = .9139) had no effect on contaminant reduction. However, when treatments were improved in the second study, power wash was more effective at contaminant reduction (P = .0004). In addition, material was also determined to have an effect on decontamination (P = .0135). Although, the kind of cleanser used had no effect (P = .3564). Additionally, in the last study, TRAINED handlers were more effective at contamination reduction (P = .0093) as compared to their UNTRAINED counterparts. The initial results indicate that no combination of material, cleanser or treatment had any effect on reducing the oil-based contaminants. Nevertheless, with improved treatments there is a potential to more thoroughly decontaminate the collars and leashes. In addition, study three indicates that handlers, when properly trained, can achieve reduction of oil-based contaminants with a basic field kit and a garden hose. These data have implications for management of canines in the field that may be exposed to unknown substances and require timely decontamination.

Working canines provide a key service to society. During their work, they may be exposed to various environmental contaminants. Unfortunately, previous work has shown that current working canine decontamination protocols are lacking in efficacy (Venable et al., 2017). Furthermore, little work has been done to explore cleanser options and serial decontamination. Therefore, we designed two studies to investigate the impact of cleanser on contaminant removal, and the impact of serial cleanser application on canine dermal health and skin barrier function when applied daily for 14 days. Both studies were approved by the Southern Illinois University Institutional Animal Use and Care Committee (#15-032, #19-031) prior to initiation of the work. Treatments for analysis of cleansers for canine decontamination included Dawn, povidone surgical scrub, chlorohexidine surgical Scrub, or water. Each treatment was balanced by coat type (long; short). A fluorescent marker was used to determine efficacy in contaminant reduction. Significant decreases associated with coat type (P < 0.0082) and cleanser (P < 0.0001) were measured for dermal pH. Additionally, treatment impacted TEWL (P = 0.0049). Yet, TEWL was unaffected by coat type (P = 0.4881). Visual scoring of images revealed that all cleansers were more successful at reduction when compared to control (P < 0.0001). However, software analysis software, yielded no differences in treatment (P = 0.5567). Interestingly, we found a significant correlation between the visual scores and the Image J (P = 0.0006). Repeated decontamination on 8 (n= 8) Labrador retrievers significantly increased TEWL (P< 0.0001) through day 21 and then decreasing the remainder of the study. Similarly, sebum data was also impacted by repeated daily decontamination efforts, decreasing during bathing and then increasing (P =0.0387). Higher sebum values are seen later in the study and may be associated with recovery. In contrast, moisture content (P = 0.3842) and pH (P = 0.7462), were unaffected by repeated decontamination. Interestingly, dander scores assessed on the back were worsened by repeated decontamination (P = 0.0222) but dander scores assessed across the whole body were unaffected (P = 0.1804). Coat shine was unaffected by decontamination (P = 0.1156) similar to coat softness (P = 0.3418). Overall coat condition remained unchanged as a result of repeated decontamination efforts (P= 0.9466). These data reveal that daily decontamination impacts dermal function, potentially increasing the animal’s health risk.