Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-27T09:30:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 flaviacostademoraes.pdf: 2039869 bytes, checksum: 7b19ea9061dc6cf6cc6631ae358dfd87 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-27T11:07:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 flaviacostademoraes.pdf: 2039869 bytes, checksum: 7b19ea9061dc6cf6cc6631ae358dfd87 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-27T11:07:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 flaviacostademoraes.pdf: 2039869 bytes, checksum: 7b19ea9061dc6cf6cc6631ae358dfd87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-24 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Úlceras de decúbito são lesões que desenvolvem-se nas interfaces das proeminências ósseas de sustentação do corpo. As lesões favorecem a colonização microbiana, dificultando a cicatrização e podendo estabelecer uma infecção. Os óleos essenciais de plantas medicinais têm demonstrado ser uma importante fonte para obtenção de novos compostos antimicrobianos. Neste estudo, foi avaliado o potencial antimicrobiano dos óleos essenciais de O. americanum, O. gratissimum e O. selloi. A atividade antibacteriana foi determinada pelo método de difusão em ágar e microdiluição, frente a bactérias aeróbias Gram-positivas (Staphylococcus aureus e Staphylococcus epidermidis) e Gram-negativas (Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa) prevalentes nas lesões. As variações na concentração e presença de biocompostos nos óleos essenciais influenciaram diretamente na capacidade antibacteriana. As espécies foram identificadas através da análise das composições químicas dos óleos pelo método de Cromatografia Gasosa acoplada a Espectrometria de Massas CG-MS. Os quimiotipos identificados foram: O. americanum linalol-1,8cineol-cânfora; O. gratissimum eugenol e O. selloi metil-chavicol, tendo como referência os quimiotipos descritos em artigos científicos. O óleo essencial de O. selloi não apresentou atividade antibacteriana significativa; o óleo de O. americanum apresentou atividade contra S. aureus, com CIM de 625 μg/mL; o óleo de O. gratissimum exibiu atividade antibacteriana promissora – apresentando CIM 625 μg/mL – para S. aureus, S. epidermidis e E. coli podendo constituir um antisséptico para úlceras de decúbito. / Decubitus ulcers are lesions developed on interfaces of bony prominences of the body support, reaching bedridden or immobilized patients. Lesions favor microbial colonization, difficult healing, and may establish an infection. The essential oils of medicinal plants have been shown to be an important source for obtaining new antimicrobial compounds. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of essential oils of O. americanum, O. gratissimum, and O. selloi. The antibacterial activity was determined by the method of agar diffusion and microdilution against Gram-positive aerobic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) prevailing in lesions. The variations in concentration and presence of biocompounds in essential oils have directly influenced the antibacterial capacity. Species were identified by analyzing the chemical composition of the oils by the method of Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry GC-MS. There were identified the chemotypes: O. americanum linalool-1, 8cineol-camphor; O. gratissimum eugenol and O. selloi methyl-chavicol, with reference in chemotypes described in scientific articles. The essential oil of O. selloi did not show significant antibacterial activity; the oil of O. americanum showed activity against S. aureus with MIC of 625 μg/mL; the oil of O. gratissimum exhibited promising antibacterial activity, with MIC 625 μg/mL for S. aureus, S. epidermidis and E. coli. which may constitute an antiseptic for decubitus ulcers.

Bakgrund. I omvårdnaden ska distriktssköterskan se till människans hela situation och omvårdnaden ska utföras på ett personcentrerat och säkert sätt. I hemsjukvården utförs vården i patientens hem, antingen i ordinärt eller särskilt boende. Trycksår är en vanlig vårdskada och nutritionen är viktig för att förebygga och behandla trycksår. Syftet var att beskriva i vilken utsträckning som distriktssköterskor i hemsjukvården använder nutritionsåtgärder som trycksårsbehandling. Metod. För att besvara syftet användes en kvantitativ design där redan insamlad data från en trycksårsmätning togs del av. Resultatet visade att nutritionsåtgärder användes som trycksårsbehandling till 65% av patienterna. Bland varannan distriktssköterska som inte använde nutritionsåtgärder framkom olika orsaker. Det var vanligare att nutritionsåtgärder användes vid risk enligt riskbedömningarna MNS och SF-MNA. De vanligast använda nutritionsåtgärderna var näringsdryck och extra mellanmål. Resultatet visade att det fanns skillnader i trycksårens svårighetsgrad i förhållande till boendeform. Slutsats. Det fanns utrymme för förbättringar i att använda nutritionsåtgärder vid trycksår. Nutritionen spelar en betydelsefull roll i behandlingen av trycksår och det är viktigt att riskbedömningar utförs. Genom att tidigt använda nutritionsåtgärder som trycksårsbehandling kan distriktssköterskan främja hälsa, förebygga sjukdom och skada samt minska patientens lidande. / Background. In Nursing Care, it's important to see to the whole perspective of the patient, and the care should be performed in a person-centred and safe way. The purpose was to describe district nurses [DN] using of nutrition therapy as treatment for patients with pressure ulcers in home healthcare. Method. A quantitative design, where material from an already collected pressure ulcer study, was used. The result showed that nutritional therapy was used as pressure ulcer treatment in 65% of the patients. Among every other DN who did not use nutritional therapy as treatment of pressure ulcer, various causes were identified. It was more common to use nutritional therapy when risks according to MNS and SF-MNA assessments were found. The most common nutrition therapies were nutritional drinks and extra snacks. The result showed that there were differences in the severity of pressure ulcers in relation to patients' housing type. Conclusion. There was room for improvements in using nutrition therapy as pressure ulcer treatment. Nutrition plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcer, and it's important that risk assessments are performed. By initiating nutritional treatment early, the DN can promote health, prevent disease and injury, and reduce the patient's suffering.