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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Jämförelse av strukturella prestanda för limträbalkar och armerade betongbalkar i flervåningsbyggnad

Azizian, Dawod January 2021 (has links)
Med den rådande befolkningsökningen tyder prognosen över bostadsförsörjningen att de behövs byggas fler bostäder för att uppfylla bostadsbehovet. Byggnadsbranschen står idag för cirka 20 % utav det totala koldioxidutsläppen i Sverige. Av detta skäl finns det ett behov att utveckla mer miljövänligare och hållbara tekniker för att uppfylla de ställda kraven gällande hållbart byggande. Trä och konstruerade träprodukter anses vara ett miljövänligt material och bör användas som stommaterial i byggnader i större utsträckning än det görs idag.    Detta arbete innefattar att jämföra de strukturella prestanda hos limträbalkar och armerade betongbalkar i flervåningsbyggnad. Som startpunkt modelleras en befintlig byggnad utifrån de dokument som tillhandhålls av ritningar och andra anvisningar för den avsedda referensbyggnaden. Bärverksanalysen utfördes i FEM-design till syfte att kontrollera limträbalkar beteende i nedböjning, spänning, tvärsnittsmått och bärighet. Arbetet genomfördes i två steg, referens byggnadens betongkonstruktion modelleras noggrant i första steget. I det andra steget ersätts armerade betongbalkar av limträbalkar i syfte att jämföra deras strukturella prestanda.     Det erhållna visar att limträets lätta vikt medför en minskning på ca 24 % på byggnadens totalvikt. Styvhetsegenskaper är limträbalkar största nackdel jämfört med armerad betongbalk, eftersom ett utbytte av balkarna med liknande dimension i 8 m spännvidd gav upphov till ca 65 % ökning på deformationer. Vid användning av limträbalkar ska spännvidden på 8 m halveras, samt större limträtvärsnitt och pelare placeras ut för att uppfylla det ställda kraven gällande bruks-och brottgränstillståndet. / With the prevailing population increase, the forecast of housing supply indicates that more housing needs to be built to meet the housing need. The construction industry today accounts for about 20% of the total carbon dioxide emissions in Sweden. For this reason, there is a need to develop more environmentally friendly and sustainable technologies to meet the set requirements regarding sustainable construction. Wood and constructed wood products are considered an environmentally friendly material and should be used as frame materials for buildings to a greater extent than is done today.   This work includes comparing the structural performance of glulam beams and reinforced concrete beams in multi-story building. As a starting point, an existing building is modeled on the basis of the documents provided by drawings and other instructions for the intended reference building. The structural analysis was performed in FEM design for the purpose of checking the behavior of glulam beams in deflection, stress, cross-sectional dimensions and load-bearing capacity. The work was carried out in two stages, the reference building's reinforced concrete structure is carefully modeled in the first stage. In the second stage, reinforced concrete beams are replaced by glulam beams in order to compare their structural performance.   The results show that the light weight of glulam leads to a reduction of about 24% in the total weight of the building. Rigidity properties are the biggest disadvantages of glulam beams compared to reinforced concrete beams, since a replacement of the beams with a similar dimension in 8 m span gave rise to about 65% increase in deformations. When using glulam beams, the span of 8 m must be halved, and larger glulam cross-sections and columns must be placed to meet the set requirements regarding serviceability and ultimate limit states.
2

Distribuição da tomografia computadorizada e do grau de utilização do tomógrafo computadorizado no SUS

Santos, Diana Lima dos January 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Maria Creuza Silva (mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-10-07T17:25:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Diss MP. Diana Lima 2013.pdf: 707245 bytes, checksum: 83befc75d8bd957fa120e0f373a7d464 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Creuza Silva(mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-10-07T17:30:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Diss MP. Diana Lima 2013.pdf: 707245 bytes, checksum: 83befc75d8bd957fa120e0f373a7d464 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-10-07T17:30:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diss MP. Diana Lima 2013.pdf: 707245 bytes, checksum: 83befc75d8bd957fa120e0f373a7d464 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a distribuição da oferta da tomografia computadorizada e do grau de utilização do tomógrafo computadorizado no SUS. Foram utilizados os dados de população, número de tomógrafos e produção de tomografias dos prestadores SUS públicos e privados conveniados, de todas as Unidades Federativas do Brasil, no ano de 2009. Considerando que a capacidade de produção é função da quantidade produzida por unidade de tempo, por tempo de funcionamento do equipamento, um indicador foi desenvolvido para estimar a capacidade de produção dos tomógrafos. Deste indicador, calculou-se o grau de utilização do TC para os prestadores SUS, que é a relação entre a produção de tomografias SUS e a capacidade de produção dos equipamentos disponibilizados ao SUS. Os resultados sugerem maior concentração per capita de TC nas regiões Sudeste, Sul e Centro Oeste, onde a presença do setor privado é maior. Entretanto, a produção de tomografias e o grau de utilização do TC não seguem a mesma tendência. As regiões Norte e Sudeste possuem as maiores produções per capita de tomografias, seguidas do Sul e Centro-Oeste, com o Nordeste na pior posição. O grau de utilização dos TCs dos prestadores de serviço do SUS possui uma média nacional abaixo de 13% e o setor público tem menor grau de utilização do TC, em comparação com o setor privado conveniado ao SUS. O setor público utilizaria cerca de 30% da sua capacidade de produção nacional, se ele realizasse toda a produção de tomografias do SUS. Tendo a Portaria MS 1.101 como parâmetro do número de TC e de tomografias por habitantes, verificou-se uma produção nacional de exames muito acima do recomendado, embora o número de TCs disponíveis ao SUS esteja abaixo da recomendação, para a maioria dos estados. Os resultados encontrados sugerem a necessidade de se aplicar os indicadores aqui trabalhados na gestão de equipamentos no SUS, bem como indica a necessidade de atualização das recomendações estabelecidas pela Portaria do MS, com base nas novas diretrizes de uso do TC. / Salvador
3

Vertikal påbyggnad av ett flerbostadshus i Gävle.

Deniz, Suleyman, Moalin, Hassan January 2021 (has links)
The global population is estimated to rise by 89 million people annually and for this reason there is a need for more housing and buildings worldwide. As cities grow outwards and buildable land becomes scarce, it is necessary to increase the height of buildings in cities, especially where the height of existing buildings is low. For crowded cities, story extensions are an increasingly popular measure that could meet market’s demand for centrally located homes.The main focus of this study is to clarify how a specific existing building handles the addition of a story. The existing building that was used as a starting point is located in Styrmansgatan in Gävle, the district Brynäs. The building has totally three storiesand is a youth residence where HBS is the property owner. The study presents the approach to validate and simulate the existing building.The method of the work is modelling in StruSoft FEM-Design which is a program used for modelling, analysis and design of load-bearing elements of buildings according to Eurocode. With the help of the program, it is investigated whether the existing building can handle an extension and which reinforcements should be made. It is suitable for all different types of design tasks from the entire stability analysis in a building to individual elements. The work is carried out in 3 steps where first the reference building to be used as a starting point is modelled, analyzed and designed. The next step is to add a story and then analyze any additional measures in connection with the extension of the story. The building must be approved according to standards as a starting point with regard to degree of utilization and deflection. Then, a comparison is made between the existing building structure and the superstructure with respect to degree of utilization, deflection, stress, and the base reaction.Results obtained from this study show that if an extension is to be possible, reinforcement solutions should take place for building elements that receive an unacceptable degree of utilization. The reinforcement solutions are resulted with the help of beams, columns, wind brace and changed reinforcement contents in reinforced concrete elements for the load-bearing structure. The study concludes that the story extension is possible with added reinforcement measures / Den globala befolkningsmängden beräknas stiga med 89 miljoner människor årligen och av den anledningen finns det ett behov av fler bostäder och byggnader över hela världen. När städer växer utåt och expanderar blir byggbar mark en bristvara, där kan påbyggnad vertikalt vara ett alternativ då man ökar höjden på byggnader. För trånga städer är våningspåbyggnader en alltmer populär åtgärd som skulle kunna möta marknadens efterfrågan av centralt placerade bostäder. Huvudfokus i denna studie är att klargöra hur en specifik befintlig byggnad klarar påbyggnad av ett våningsplan. Den befintliga byggnaden som användes som utgångspunkt ligger på Styrmansgatan i Gävle, stadsdelen Brynäs. Byggnaden har totalt tre våningar och är ett ungdomsboende där HSB står som fastighetsägare. Studien presenterar tillvägagångssättet för validering och simulering av en befintlig byggnad.Arbetet utfördes med StruSoft FEM-Design som används för modellering, analys och design för bärande element i byggnader baserade på Eurokod. Med hjälp utav StruSoftFEM-Design ska det undersökas om den befintliga byggnaden klarar av en utökning och huruvida vilka förstärkningar som eventuellt bör ske. Den passar för alla olika typer utav konstruktionsuppgifter från hela stabilitetsanalysen i en byggnad till enskilda element. Arbetet kommer genomföras i 3 steg där först den referensbyggnad som skall användas som utgångsläge modelleras, analyseras och designas. Nästa steg är att lägga till ett våningsplan för att sedan analysera eventuella tilläggsåtgärder i samband med utökning av ett våningsplan. Byggnaden skall vara godkänd enligt standarder som utgångspunkt med avseende på utnyttjandegrad och nedböjning. Därefter sker det en jämförelse mellan den befintliga bygganden och påbyggnaden med avseende på utnyttjandegrad, nedböjning, spänning och grundreaktionen.Resultat som har erhållits från denna studie påvisade att om en påbyggnad ska vara möjlig bör förstärkningslösningar äga rum för byggnadselement som fick en oacceptabel utnyttjandegrad. Förstärkningslösningen resulterade med hjälp av balkar, pelare, vindstage och ändrat armeringsinnehåll för armerad betong element för den bärande konstruktionen. Studiens slutsats är att våningspåbyggnad är möjlig vid tillagda förstärkningsåtgärder.
4

Investments in Academic Renewable Electricity Generation Technology Spin-Offs : A Qualitative Study on High Capital Limitations for Underexplored Renewable Energy Sources

Braune, Yann January 2020 (has links)
Due to an intensified climate change discourse, renewable energy technologies find higher attention within the energy system and increasingly compete with traditional energy conversion systems. Electricity is progressively being generated through renewable electricity generation technologies (REGT) which harness naturally existing energy fluxes (wind, tide, heat, sun) and convert it to electricity. High investments are currently being made into well-developed REGT using explored energy sources such as wind, hydro or solar. In order to increase cost- and energy efficiency of REGTs, university research projects are developing new REGTs that harvest underexplored energy sources such as the marine energy source. These capital-intensive marine energy research projects are entering the market through university spin-off firms but are often confronted with funding gaps, for the current or future operations. Capital rich investors could provide these funds but are often investing in well explored energy sources rather than into underexplored but more cost- and energy-efficient energy sources. Utilizing a qualitative, grounded theory-influenced approach and combining empirical material of semi-structured interviews, data from a participant observation of an innovation system workshop attendance and data from continuous meetings with an academic REGT spin-off from Uppsala University, this study investigates 1) the drivers and barriers within the funding ecosystem for academic REGT spin-offs in Sweden, 2) the limited access of high capital to underexplored energy sources on the specific case of the marine energy source and 3) a potential common ground for investors with high capital and academic REGT spin-offs in order to allow an accelerated diffusion of the marine energy source. The results indicate that the physical properties of the underexplored marine source should not be accounted for as driver but rather as the foundation of an academic REGT spin-off. This frame allows to bridge practitioners of both the investment field and the academic field of REGT spin-offs through the degree of utilization. An inversion of relations, where not only entrepreneurs increasingly link their field of study to economy and business, but also investors adapt cross-disciplinary knowledge towards academia and natural sciences via the degree of utilization, could be beneficial for an accelerated diffusion of academic REGTs. Bridging practitioners of both fields through the degree of utilization and other means might together with a full commercial application and proof of marine REGTs reduce the funding gap of academic spin-offs in the marine sector and allow access to investors with high capital.

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