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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Studie řízení průběhu zakázky firmou / The Study of Order Process Control in Company

Drélichová, Stanislava January 2007 (has links)
This masterś thesis, titled as The Study of Order Process Control in Company Invensys Appliance Controls s.r.o., deals with optimization of order process from the first entering of new order till the delivery of finished goods to final customer. Further I provide the basic characteristics and analysis of Invensys Company. The project part is divided into two parts. The first one is focused on explaining of operation of Kanban system and itś possibility to improve the material flow in company. The second one is focused on long-term forecasts (demand predictions) provided by customers, which can help to improve the process of order as well. In conclusion, I appraise advantages and disadvantages of Kanban system and forecasts.
12

An Integrated Decision-Making Framework for Transportation Architectures: Application to Aviation Systems Design

Lewe, Jung-Ho 19 April 2005 (has links)
The National Transportation System (NTS) is undoubtedly a complex system-of-systems---a collection of diverse 'things' that evolve over time, organized at multiple levels, to achieve a range of possibly conflicting objectives, and never quite behaving as planned. The purpose of this research is to develop a virtual transportation architecture for the ultimate goal of formulating an integrated decision-making framework. The foundational endeavor begins with creating an abstraction of the NTS with the belief that a holistic frame of reference is required to properly study such a multi-disciplinary, trans-domain system. The culmination of the effort produces the Transportation Architecture Field (TAF) as a mental model of the NTS, in which the relationships between four basic entity groups are identified and articulated. This entity-centric abstraction framework underpins the construction of a virtual NTS couched in the form of an agent-based model. The transportation consumers and the service providers are identified as adaptive agents that apply a set of preprogrammed behavioral rules to achieve their respective goals. The transportation infrastructure and multitude of exogenous entities (disruptors and drivers) in the whole system can also be represented without resorting to an extremely complicated structure. The outcome is a flexible, scalable, computational model that allows for examination of numerous scenarios which involve the cascade of interrelated effects of aviation technology, infrastructure, and socioeconomic changes throughout the entire system.
13

Utilizing Hybrid Ensemble Prediction Model In Order to Predict Energy Demand in Sweden : A Machine-Learning Approach / En maskininlärningsmetod som använder hybridensembleprediktionsmodell för att förutsäga energiefterfrågan i Sverige

Su, Binxin January 2022 (has links)
Conventional machine learning (ML) models and algorithms are constantly advancing at a fast pace. Most of this development are due to the implementation of hybrid- and ensemble techniques that are powerful tools to complement and empower the efficiency of the algorithms. At the same time, the development and demand for renewable energy sources are rapidly increasing driven by political and environmental issues in which failure to act fast enough, could lead to an existential crisis. With the phasing of non-renewable to renewable energy sources, new challenges arise due to its intermittent and variable nature. Accurate forecasting techniques plays a crucial role in addressing these challenges. In this thesis, I present a hybrid ensemble machine learning model based upon stacking, utilizing a Gradient Boosted Tree as a meta-learner to predict the energy demand for the energy area SE3 in Sweden. The Hybrid model is based on three composite models: XGBoost, CatBoost and Random Forest (RF); utilizing only features extracted from the timeseries data. For training and testing the proposed Hybrid model, hourly demand load data was gathered from Svenska Kraftnät, measuring energy consumption for the energy area SE3 from year 2016-2021. The forecasting results of the models are measured using a regression score (R-squared, which measures Explained Variance) and Accuracy (measured in terms of Mean Absolute Percentage Error). The result shows that in an experimental setting, the Hybrid model reaches a R-squared score of 0.9785 and an accuracy of 97.85%. When utilized for day-ahead prediction on unseen data outside of the scope of the training dataset, the Hybrid model reaches a R-squared score of 0.9764 and an Accuracy of 93.43%. This thesis concludes that the proposed methodology can be utilized to accurately predict the variance in the energy demand and can serve as a framework to decision makers in order to accurately predict the energy demand in Sweden. / Konventionella maskininlärningsmodeller (ML) och algoritmer utvecklas ständigt i snabb takt. Det mesta av denna utveckling beror på implementeringen av hybrid- och ensembletekniker som är kraftfulla verktyg för att komplettera och stärka effektiviteten hos algoritmer. Samtidigt ökar utvecklingen och efterfrågan på förnybara energikällor snabbt, drivet av politiska och miljömässiga motiv, där underlåtenhet att agera tillräckligt snabbt kan leda till en existentiell kris. Med utfasningen av icke-förnybara till förnybara energikällor uppstår nya utmaningar på grund av dess intermittenta och varierande karaktär. Noggranna prognostekniker spelar en avgörande roll för att hantera dessa utmaningar. I det här examensarbetet presenterar jag en hybrid ensemble maskininlärningsmodell baserad på stacking, med användning av ett Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (GBDT) som en meta-learner för att förutsäga energibehovet för energiområdet SE3 i Sverige. Hybridmodellen är baserad på tre kompositmodeller: XGBoost, CatBoost och Random Forest (RF) och använder endast features extraherade från tidsseriedata. För att utbilda och testa den föreslagna hybridmodellen samlades timbelastningsdata från Svenska Kraftnät, som mäter energiförbrukningen för energiområdet SE3 från år 2016-2021. Modellernas prognosresultat mäts med hjälp av ett regressionsmått (R-kvadrat, som mäter Explained Variance) och Accuracy (mätt i termer av Mean Absolute Percentage Error). Resultatet visar att i en experimentell miljö når hybridmodellen en R-kvadratvärde på 0,9785 och en Accuracy på 97,85%. När hybridmodellen används för att förutsäga energiförbrukningen dagen framåt på data utanför omfattningen av träningsdata, når hybridmodellen ett R-kvadratpoäng på 0,9764 och en Accuracy på 93,43%. Denna avhandling drar slutsatsen att den föreslagna metoden kan användas för att korrekt förutsäga variansen i energibehovet och kan fungera som ett ramverk för beslutsfattare för att korrekt prognostisera energibehovet i Sverige.
14

Time Series Analysis and Binary Classification in a Car-Sharing Service : Application of data-driven methods for analysing trends, seasonality, residuals and prediction of user demand / Tidsseriaanalys och binär klassificering i en bildelningstjänst : Applicering av datadrivna metoder för att analysera trender, säsongsvaritoner, residuals samt predicering av användares efterfrågan

Uhr, Aksel January 2023 (has links)
Researchers have estimated a 20-percentage point increase in the world’s population residing in urban areas between 2011 and 2050. The increase in denser cities results in opportunities and challenges. Two of the challenges concern sustainability and mobility. With the advancement in technology, smart mobility and car-sharing have emerged as a part of the solution. It has been estimated by research that car-sharing reduces toxic emissions and reduces car ownership, thus decreasing the need for private cars to some extent. Despite being a possible solution to the future’s mobility challenges in urban areas, car-sharing providers suffer from profitability issues. To keep assisting society in the transformation to sustainable mobility alternatives in the future, profitability needs to be reached. Two central challenges to address to reach profitability are user segmentation and demand forecasting. This study focuses on the latter problem and the aim is to understand the demand of different car types and car-sharing users’ individual demands. Quantitative research was conducted, namely, time series analysis and binary classification were selected to answer the research questions. It was concluded that there are a trend, seasonality and residual patterns in the time series capturing bookings per car type per week. However, the patterns were not extensive. Subsequently, a random forest was trained on a data set utilizing moving average feature engineering and consisting of weekly bookings of users having at least 33 journeys during an observation period over 66 weeks (N = 1335705). The final model predicted who is likely to use the service in the upcoming week in an attempt to predict individual demand. In terms of metrics, the random forest achieved a score of .89 in accuracy (both classes), .91 in precision (positive class), .73 in recall (positive class) and .82 in F1-score (positive class). We, therefore, concluded that a machine learning model can predict weekly individual demand fairly well. Future research involves further feature engineering and mapping the predictions to business actions. / Forskare har estimerat att världens befolkning som kommer bo i stadsområden kommer öka med 20 procentenheter. Ökningen av mer tätbeboliga städer medför såväl möjligheter som utmaningar. Två av utmaningarna berör hållbarhet och mobilitet. Med teknologiska framsteg har så kallad smart mobilitet och bildelning blivit en del av lösningen. Annan forskning har visat att bildelning minskar utsläpp av skadliga ämnen och minskar ägandet av bilar, vilket därmed till viss del minskar behovet av privata bilar. Trots att det är en möjlig lösning på framtidens mobilitetsutmaningar och behov i stadsområden, lider bildelningstjänster av lönsamhetsproblem. För att fortsätta bidra till samhället i omställningen till hållbara mobilitetsalternativ i framtiden, så måste lönsamhet nås. Två centrala utmaningar för att uppnå lönsamhet är användarsegmentering och efterfrågeprognoser. Denna studie fokuserar på det sistnämnda problemet. Syftet med studien är att förstå efterfrågan på olika typer av bilar samt individuell efterfrågan hos bildelninganvändare. Kvantitativ forskning genomfördes, nämligen tidsserieanalys och binär klassificering för att besvara studiens forskningsfrågor. Efter att ha genomfört statistiska tidsserietester konstaterades det att det finns trender, säsongsvariationer och residualmönster i tidsserier som beskriver bokningar per biltyp per vecka. Dessa mönster var dock inte omfattande. Därefter tränades ett så kallat random forest på en datamängd med hjälp av rörliga medelvärden (eng. moving average). Denna datamängd bestod av veckovisa bokningar från användare som hade minst 33 resor under en observationsperiod på 66 veckor (N = 1335705). Den slutliga modellen förutsade vilka som sannolikt skulle använda tjänsten kommande vecka i ett försök att prognostisera individuell efterfrågan. Med avseende på metriker uppnådde modellen ett resultat på 0,89 i noggrannhet (för båda klasserna), 0,91 i precision (positiva klassen), 0,73 i recall (positiva klassen) och 0,82 i F1-poäng (positiv klass). Vi drog därför slutsatsen att en maskininlärningsmodell kan förutsäga veckovis individuell efterfrågan relativt bra med avseende på dess slutgiltiga användning. Framtida forskning innefattar ytterligare dataselektion, samt kartläggning av prognosen till affärsåtgärder
15

Performance Comparison of Public Bike Demand Predictions: The Impact of Weather and Air Pollution

Min Namgung (9380318) 15 December 2020 (has links)
Many metropolitan cities motivate people to exploit public bike-sharing programs as alternative transportation for many reasons. Due to its’ popularity, multiple types of research on optimizing public bike-sharing systems is conducted on city-level, neighborhood-level, station-level, or user-level to predict the public bike demand. Previously, the research on the public bike demand prediction primarily focused on discovering a relationship with weather as an external factor that possibly impacted the bike usage or analyzing the bike user trend in one aspect. This work hypothesizes two external factors that are likely to affect public bike demand: weather and air pollution. This study uses a public bike data set, daily temperature, precipitation data, and air condition data to discover the trend of bike usage using multiple machine learning techniques such as Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, and Random Forest. After conducting the research, each algorithm’s output is evaluated with performance comparisons such as accuracy, precision, or sensitivity. As a result, Random Forest is an efficient classifier for the bike demand prediction by weather and precipitation, and Decision Tree performs best for the bike demand prediction by air pollutants. Also, the three class labelings in the daily bike demand has high specificity, and is easy to trace the trend of the public bike system.

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