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The Church as the family of God in the praxis and ethics of reconciliation and peacemaking in the Democratic Republic of the CongoLingonge, Lievin Engbanda, January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (D. Min.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2004. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-166).
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The Church as the family of God in the praxis and ethics of reconciliation and peacemaking in the Democratic Republic of the CongoLingonge, Lievin Engbanda, January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (D. Min.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2004. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-166).
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The Mintadi and Kongo ancestor figures a study in art and nineteenth century social history.Rohde, Robert Arnold, January 1969 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1969. / Includes bibliographical references.
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The Church as the family of God in the praxis and ethics of reconciliation and peacemaking in the Democratic Republic of the CongoLingonge, Lievin Engbanda, January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (D. Min.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2004. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-166).
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Revenue, trade and welfare effects of the COMESA FTA on the Democratic Republic of CongoNdungo, Lusenge Patrick January 2017 (has links)
The present research attempts to assess the likely revenue, trade and welfare implications of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The study adopts a partial equilibrium model based on the World Integrated Trade Solution 2010 database and the Software for Market Analysis and Restrictions on Trade (WITS-SMART) as the methodological approach. The findings of the research reveal that the COMESA FTA will be beneficial to the DRC in terms of an increase in exports of US$371.57 million and consumer welfare gain amounting to US$28.49 million. Moreover, The WITS-SMART simulation results indicate that around US$322.10 million of trade will be created in the DRC as a result of the COMESA FTA. Notwithstanding the fact that trade creation will have a positive effect on welfare, as the Congolese consumers would benefit from lower prices, some local industries in the DRC may be threaten of closure due to the lack of competitiveness. In addition, the simultation results show that the country will experience a huge fiscal revenue loss amounting to US$107.01 million due to the implementation of zero per cent tarrif rate on imports duty from the COMESA trading partners. Finally, the simultation results indicate that an equivalent value of US$49.47 million of trade will be diverted from more efficient and low cost non-member states to high cost suppliers from the COMESA region. In light of these results, the research recommends that the DRC’s government needs to come up with a strategic plan in order to protect the national industry that would be negatively affected by the trade-creation effect. In order to mitigate the expected revenue loss, the implementation of the COMESA FTA in the DRC should be accompanied by fiscal reforms to improve the tax-collection system from sales or value-added taxes (VAT) and domestic excise. Regarding the trade-diversion effect, the inefficient producers from the COMESA region could be displaced through building new capacities in short, medium and long term based on comparative advantage in order to address supply constraints in these sectors affected by trade diversion.
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Exploring the Congolese (DRC) democratic transition from 1990 to 2006 : an analysis based on Samuel Huntington’s modelKatulondi, Kabasu Babu 07 June 2012 (has links)
M.A. / The aim of this study was to explore the democratisation process that unfolded in the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1990 to 2006 with a view to establishing whether Huntington’s model of democratisation as set out in his Third Wave: Democratisation in the Late Twentieth Century (1990) is useful in analysing the Congolese transition. Huntington’s model is essentially based on the experiences of democratisation in the so-called third wave of democratisation that occurred in countries in Southern and Eastern Europe, Latin America and Asia. In line with Huntington’s analysis of the democratisation process elsewhere, the study examined, among other things, the triggering factors of the democratisation process; the modes and characteristics of the transition and the factors favouring and obstructing the development of democracy in the Congo. The study has found grounds for some minor deviations from Huntington’s observation of experiences elsewhere. These pertain to the sequence of the democratisation process, the complexity of the problem in the Congo and the role of the military. Whereas Huntington posited that one of three modes of transition occurred in a particular country – transformation, replacement and transplacement – all three modes transpired in a dialectical sequence in the Congo. In addition, the democratisation process in the Congo was intensely militarised since it involved not only the government and what one could call the ‘classical’ opposition, but also an ‘armed opposition’ encompassing several rebel groups and militias backed by foreign armies, each with its own agenda. Furthermore, when the military was confronted with the pressure to democratise elsewhere, it was generally instrumental in the democratisation process. In the Congo, to the contrary, it is the powerlessness of the military that constituted an obstruction to the democratisation process in the country. The weakness of the generals in the Congolese army results from their vassalisation by politicians who utilised army officers for their political ends. However, in an overall evaluation of the applicability of Huntington’s model to the Congolese democratisation process, it can be stated that, despite the above minor differences, Huntington’s model serves as a useful tool in analysing the democratisation process in the country, irrespective of the complexity of the Congolese experience. The model serves to elucidate the causes, patterns, power dynamics in the democratisation process, and also identifies potential problems in the consolidation of democracies. Its usefulness in analysing the Congolese transition makes it an equally useful tool in analysing the democratisation processes in other African countries.
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De l'aporétique à l'assomption auto-constructive : l'enjeu des pratiques post-missionnaires d'auto-réalisation de l'Église catholique au Zaïre (1960-1995)Muteba-Mugalu, Fulgence January 1998 (has links)
Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
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L'école catholique au service de l'état colonial au Congo Belge.Mercier, Antoine. January 1973 (has links)
No description available.
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State collapse in Africa : the case of the Democratic Republic of the CongoTshileu N'Kolomona, Olivier-Issa 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The African State is a product of colonialism. It did not emerge from the needs of
African people; indeed, the very concept is foreign to traditional African notions of
authority. When the colonial era came to a close, its institutions were turned over to
local elites who were either too inexperienced or too out of touch with the people they
supposedly represented to effectively govern and manage the newly independent
states. The result was widespread and continual ethno-regional violence, coupled with
the progressive disintegration of the state authority and civil society. When such
conditions remain unchecked, they ultimately lead to what political analysts refer to
as the collapse of the state.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), formerly Zaire, constitutes a recent
example of this phenomenon. At present, approximately half of its territory is under
foreign military occupation, with no fewer than six states involved, whether officially
or unofficially: Rwanda, Uganda and Burundi intervening on the side of the rebels,
and Angola, Zimbabwe and Namibia supporting government forces (These states
have since withdrawn their forces). To this number must be added a number of
opposition groups from neighbouring states, including The Union for the Total
Independence of Angola (UNITA), some elements from the all-Hutu militia wing of
Burundi's Conseil national pour la démocratie (CND) and remnant Rwandan Hutu,
the so-called Interhamwe, as well as Mai-Mai and FRF (les Forces républicaines
fédéralistes, led by Muller Ruhim) factions who fight the presence of the Rwandan
army in the DRC (neither of which could be described as pro-governmental).
The DRC is a failed state. All structures of legitimate power and authority have
disintegrated; political order and the rule of law have been suspended. As a result, the
state is rendered impotent: it cannot seek the welfare of its citizens, provide health
care and education, dispense justice or maintain existing infrastructure. Civil society
lacks the ability to fill the vacuum, and tribal and ethnic conflicts have steadily
intensified. The study analyses the reasons for state collapse in general and examines the
immediate causes of the conflict in the DRC in particular, including the legacy of
colonial rule, land shortages and ethnic rivalry. It attempts to show that the collapse
of the state in the ORC resulted largely from the imposition of poorly adapted
western-style political institutions on traditional African structures of authority.
Against this background, the study shows that the poor performance of the Congolese
government in terms of its ability to constitute a legitimate arena for political activity,
to confer a national identity and to act as security guarantor for its population
represent the broad causes of the failure of the ORC state.
State collapse is a long-term degenerative process, marked by the loss of control
over political and economic space. As neighbouring states encroached on the failing
ORC, its legitimacy was gravely undermined through the direct involvement of these
states in its political processes. Moreover, these neighbouring countries harbour
dissident movements who seek to influence ORC politics from within the safety of
their borders.
The collapse of the ORC poses a grave threat to African, and indeed global,
stability, compromising neighbouring states through the vast influx of refugees and
stimulating the illegal arms trade. The extent of the crises compels the international
community to intervene. The immediate priority should be the reconstruction of a
legitimate state system within the limits of the present borders. This can only be made
possible through the implementation of the Lusaka agreement, which offers the most
hope for a solution through the restoration of legitimate government, the reassertion
of Congolese sovereignty, the reconstruction of a disciplined and efficient military
and the convocation of a body for inter-Congolese dialogue.
The ORC has been characterised by gross mismanagement ever since its
independence in 1960; it is of the utmost urgency that the crisis not be allowed to
escalate further. The ORC state needs total reconstruction: a process that will be
extremely complex and time consuming, aimed at reviving institutional mechanisms
that will return legitimate power to the state and re-establish social trust. In order to achieve these goals, a forum of national reconciliation, where all the belligerents in
the conflict must participate towards finding a solution, will have to be established.
The first priority of such a body should be the creation of a strong democratic
transitional government before any further reconstruction of the state can be
attempted. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die staat in Afrika is 'n produk van kolonialisme. Post-koloniale Afrikastate was
nie die natuurlike uitvloeisels van die behoeftes van Afrikane nie; inderdaad, selfs die
konsep van 'n nasiestaat was vreemd binne die konteks van tradisionele, inheemse
gesagstrukture. Die plaaslike elites, in wie se hande die koloniale instellings, en
daarmee saam die staatsgesag, oorgegee is met die beëindiging van koloniale beheer,
het nie oor die vaardighede beskik om effektiewe regering en beheer oor die nuut onafhanklike
state uit te oefen nie; hulle was meestal onervare of uit voeling met die
bevolkings oor wie hulle regeer het. Die gevolg was wydverspreide en voortslepende
etniese en regionale geweld en die geleidelike verbrokkeling van staatsgesag en die
burgerlike gemeenskap. Wanneer sulke omstandighede toegelaat word om hul loop te
neem, lei dit onvermydelik tot die uiteindelike totale verbrokkeling van die staat.
Die Demokratiese Republiek van die Kongo (DRK) - die voormalige Zaïre - is 'n
voorbeeld van hierdie verskynsel. Nagenoeg die helfte van die oppervlakte van dié
land is tans onder offisiële of nie-offisiële buitelandse militêre besetting, met nie
minder nie as ses state wat betrek is by die konflik: Rwanda, Oeganda en Burundi
ondersteun die rebelle; Angola, Zimbabwe en Namibië (hierdie state het sedertdien
hul magte ontrek) veg aan die kant van regeringsmagte. Afgesien van hierdie magte,
is daar ook verskeie opposisiegroepe wat vanuit buurstate optree, insluitende UNITA vegters
uit Angola, elemente van die uitsluitlik Hutu militêre vleuel van die
Burundese Conseil national pour la démocratie (CND) en oorblyfsels van die
Rwandese Hutus (die sogenaamde Interhamwe), asook Mai-Mai en FRF (les Farces
républicaines fédéralistes, onder die aanvoering van Muller Ruhim) faksies.
Laasgenoemde twee groepe veg teen die teenwoordigheid van die Rwandese weermag
in die DRK; nie een van die twee kan as pro-regering beskryf word nie.
Die DRK is 'n mislukte staat. Alle legitieme mag- en gesagstrukture het
verbrokkel; politieke beheer en wetstoepassing is opgehef. Die gevolg is dat die staat
onmagtig is om die welvaart van sy burgers te bevorder, gesondheidsdienste en opvoeding te verskaf, regspleging uit te voer of bestaande infrastruktuur in stand te
hou. Die burgerlike gemeenskap beskik nie oor die vaardighede om in die gaping te
tree nie, en stam- en etniese konflik neem steeds toe.
Hierdie studie ondersoek die algemene redes vir staatsverval en die spesifieke
oorsake van die krisis in die DRK, waaronder die koloniale invloed, grondkwessies en
etniese konflik. Daar word gepoog om aan te toon dat die staatsverval binne die DRK
grotendeels toe te skryf is aan die afdwing van ontoepaslike, Westerse politiese
instellings op tradisionele, inheemse gesagstrukture. In die lig hiervan word daar
verder aangevoer dat die swak vertoning van die Kongolese regering - die onvermoë
om as legitieme politieke arena te dien, 'n nasionale identiteit aan staatsburgers te
verleen en hulle veiligheid te verseker - die basiese oorsaak is van die mislukking van
die staat in die DRK.
Staatsverval is 'n geleidelike proses; 'n stelselmatige en langduringe aftakeling,
gekenmerk deur die verlies aan beheer oor die politieke en ekonomiese sfere. Namate
buurstate toenemend betrokke geraak het in die probleemgeteisterde DRK, is
staatslegitimiteit verder ondermyn deur die direkte politieke inmenging van hierdie
buurlande. Daarby huisves hierdie lande ook afvallige groepe wat poog om politieke
invloed op die DRK van buite die landsgrense uit te oefen.
Die verbrokkeling van die staat binne die DRK is 'n wesenlike bedreiging vir
stabiliteit binne Afrika, maar ook op 'n internasionale skaal. Sy buurstate word
bedreig deur grootskaalse vlugtelingbewegings en die voorslepende konflik stimuleer
onwettige internasionale wapenhandel. Die omvang van die krisis noop die
internasionale gemeenskap om in te gryp. Die onmiddellike prioriteit van sodanige
ingryping behoort die rekonstruksie van 'n legitieme staatstelsel binne die bestaande
landsgrense te wees; dit kan slegs bewerkstellig word deur die implementering van
die Lusaka ooreenkoms. Hierdie ooreenkoms bied die meeste hoop vir 'n oplossing
tot die krisis deur die daarstelling van 'n legitieme regering, die herbevestiging van
Kongolese soewereiniteit, die rekonstruksie van 'n gedissiplineerde en effektiewe
militêre mag en die skep van 'n nasionale versoeningsliggaam. Sedert sy onafhanklikwording in 1960, is die DRC gekenmerk deur ernstige
wanadministrasie. Dit is van uiterste belang dat hierdie situasie nie toegelaat word om
voort te duur en te vererger nie. Algehele rekonstruksie is nodig - 'n uiters komplekse
en tydsame proses met die uiteindelike oogmerk om daardie institusionele
meganismes wat 'n terugkeer tot legitieme mag en gesag en 'n herbevestiging van
burgelike vertroue tot gevolg sal hê, te laat herleef. Ten einde hierdie doel te bereik,
sal 'n nasionale versoeningsliggaam geskep moet word. Alle partye in die konflik
behoort betrek te word in 'n poging om 'n oplossing te vind. Hierdie liggaam sal 'n
sterk, verteenwoordigende oorgangsregering daar moet stel voordat enige verdere
vordering met die rekonstruksie van die staat sal kan plaasvind.
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National and Human Security Challenges Posed by Ethnic-influenced conflict in the Great Lakes Region (GLR) of Africa :A case of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), 1980-2013Modiba, Mmatlou Millicent-Anne Hannah 18 September 2017 (has links)
MAAS / Department of Development Studies / See the attached abstract below
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