Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 80-97).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2010. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on June 25, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 32-37).

Thesis (doctoral)--Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 1985. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Diss. med. dent. Zürich. / Literaturverz.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2003. / Title from title page of source document. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 1985. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-03-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:30:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_cmc_me_arafo.pdf: 737324 bytes, checksum: 20d53f99fba0b62be56dfb55aa23f762 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo deste trabalho, dividido em tres estudos, foi avaliar: (1) a influencia da utilizacao de diferentes fontes de luz e metodos de fotoativacao sobre o grau de conversao e a contracao de polimerizacao de uma resina composta nanoparticulada; (2) a influencia da utilizacao dos diferentes metodos de fotoativacao, disponibilizados por aparelhos LED de 2a geracao, sobre a contração volumetrica das resinas compostas microhibrida e nanoparticulada e (3) as propriedades termicas e o grau de conversao das resinas compostas microhibrida e nanoparticulada, submetidas aos diferentes metodos de fotoativacao disponibilizados por aparelhos LED de 2a geracao. No primeiro estudo, o grau de conversao (GC) foi avaliado pelo metodo da espectroscopia infravermelha transformada de Fourier (FT-IR) e as forcas de contracao (C) mensuradas em maquina de ensaios universal (EMIC). Os dados obtidos para o GC e C foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste da analise de variancia (ANOVA), sendo que para as forcas de contracao, a correcao de Welch e o teste Tamhane também foram empregados. No segundo estudo, a contracao volumetrica foi avaliada por um mecanismo de video e imagem (AcuvolR/Bisco) e os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente pelos testes ANOVA e Tukey. No terceiro estudo, o metodo da calorimetria exploratoria diferencial foi empregado para avaliar a temperatura de transicao vitrea (Tg) e de degradacao dos materiais e o GC por FTIR. Os dados relativos ao GC foram analisados estatisticamente pelos testes ANOVA e Tukey. Os resultados demonstraram diferencas na contracao de polimerizacao de acordo com o metodo de fotoativacao empregado. No primeiro e segundo estudos, mesmo empregando diferentes metodologias, o metodo de fotoativacao continuo apresentou os maiores valores de contracao. Por outro lado,o GC nao foi influenciado pelo método... / The aim of this work, divided into three studies, was evaluate: (1) the influence of different light sources and photo-activation methods on degree of conversion and polymerization shrinkage of a nanocomposite resin; (2) the influence of different photo-activation methods, available by the 2nd generation LED light-curing units, on the volumetric shrinkage of microhybrid and nanocomposite resins and (3) thermal properties and degree of conversion of microhybrid and nanocomposite resins submitted to different photo-activation methods available by 2nd generation LED light-curing units. In the first study, degree of conversion (DC) was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and shrinkage forces (S) were measured in a universal testing machine (EMIC). The data obtained for DC and S were analyzed by Analysis of Variance test (ANOVA) and for S Welch’s correction and Tamhane’s tests were also employed. In the second study, volumetric shrinkage was evaluated by video-imaging device (AcuvolR/Bisco) and data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test. In the third study, differential scanning calorimetry was used in order to observe glass transition temperature (Tg) and degradation peak of the materials and DC was evaluated for FT-IR. The DC data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test. The results showed differences in the polymerization shrinkage according to photo-activation method employed. In the first and second studies, the continuous photo-activation methods presented the highest values for shrinkage even though different methodologies were used to assess. Moreover, DC was not influenced by the photo-activation method but was influenced by light sources. The lowest DC values were observed for halogen light-curing unit. In the second study beyond the influence of the photo-activation method on the volumetric shrinkage... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-11-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:35:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_dgs_me_arafo.pdf: 914456 bytes, checksum: bc6bc4ecf7a6e87d8ae452a6cd844754 (MD5) / No clareamento dental caseiro são utilizados géis clareadores contendo baixas concentrações de peróxido de carbamida (PC). Entretanto, o componente ativo responsável pelo clareamento é o peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2), o qual pode se difundir através do esmalte e dentina e causar efeitos tóxicos sobre células pulpares. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a citotoxicidade trans-amelodentinária de géis clareadores à base de PC sobre células odontoblastóides MDPC- 23 após diferentes tempos de contato dos produtos com o esmalte, bem como o efeito do clareamento na estrutura dental. Para avaliação da citotoxicidade, discos de esmalte/dentina obtidos de incisivos bovinos foram adaptados em câmaras pulpares artificiais. Géis clareadores com 10% ou 16% de PC foram aplicados por 8 horas diárias sobre a superfície de esmalte pelos períodos de 1, 7 ou 14 dias. Os extratos (meio de cultura + produtos do gel clareador que se difundiram através do esmalte/dentina) foram aplicados por 1 hora sobre as células em cultura, sendo realizada avaliação do metabolismo celular pelo teste do MTT (α=5%; Anova um critério e teste de Tukey), e da morfologia celular por MEV. Para avaliação das alterações estruturais do esmalte, foi realizada mensuração da microdureza Knoop (α=5%; Anova dois critérios e teste de Tukey) em blocos de esmalte (50g/15s) antes do clareamento e nos períodos de 1, 7 e 14 dias, bem como avaliação da morfologia superficial por MEV. Os resultados não demonstraram diferença significante para o metabolismo celular entre o grupo controle e nos grupos onde foi aplicado o gel com PC a 10% (p>0.05). Já para os grupos clareados com 16% de PC, foi observado diferença significante nos períodos de 1, 7 e 14 dias quando comparados ao grupo controle (p<0.05). Não houve diferença significante quando se comparou os grupos 10% e 16% de PC em todos... / The home bleaching technique uses gels with low concentrations of carbamide peroxide (CP). However, the hydrogen peroxide is the active component and can difuse by enamel and dentine to cause toxic effects on pulp cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the trans-enamel and transdentinal cytotoxicity of bleaching gels based on carbamide peroxide (CP) on odontoblast-like cells after different contact times of the products with enamel, and the effects of bleaching on the tooth structure. To analyze the citotoxicity, enamel/dentine discs were obtained from bovine incisors and placed in artificial pulp chambers. Bleaching gels containing 10% or 16% CP were applied for 8 hours/day on the enamel side of the discs during periods of 1, 7 or 14 days. The extracts (culture medium plus bleaching gel products that diffused through the discs) were collected and applied on previously cultured MDPC-23 cells for 1 hour. Cell metabolism was evaluated by the MTT assay (α=0.05; one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test), and the cell morphology was analysed by SEM. To evaluate the structural changes on the enamel, the Knoop microhardness was analized (α=0.05; two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test) on enamel blocks (50g/15s) before and after 1, 7 and 14 applications of bleaching agent, and the morphological surface was analized by SEM. There were no significant difference (p>0.05) for cell metabolism between the controls and the groups bleached with 10% CP gel. In the groups bleached with 16% CP gel, however, cell metabolism decreased significantly (p<0.05) at 1, 7 and 14 days. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) among 1, 7 or 14 applications of the gels for either of the CP concentrations. The microhardness for the groups bleached with 10% CP gel have difference with the control group after 7 and 14 applications. For the groups bleached with 16% of CP, significant difference was observed in all periods... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Sillas Luiz Lordello Duarte Júnior / Banca: Patrícia Petromilli Nordi Sasso Garcia / Banca: Victor Humberto Orbegoso Flores / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de instrumentos de acabamento e técnicas de polimento sobre a rugosidade superficial de resinas compostas e comparar ao esmalte humano íntegro, através do Microscópio de Força Atômica (MFA). Superfícies planas de face vestibular de quatro incisivos centrais superiores humanos hígidos foram usadas para análise da rugosidade superficial do esmalte. Resinas compostas nanoparticulada (Filtek Supreme XT, 3M ESPE), microhíbrida (Point 4, Kerr Corp.), híbrida (tetric Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent) e microparticulada (Durafill VS, Heraeus Külzer) foram avaliadas. Todas as amostras de resinas compostas foram confeccionadas sob uma tira de poliéster. Os procedimentos de acabamento superficial foram realizados com uma fresa carbide de 30 lâminas e uma ponta diamantada de 30 æm nas amostras de resinas compostas nanoparticulada e microhíbrida. Quatro técnicas de polimento (TO : Matriz de poliéster - controle: T1 : discos de óxido de alumínio; T2 : disco de feltro + pasta diamantada) foram testadas em todas as amostras de resinas compostas. Nrugosidade média superficial (Ra) foi avaliada pelo MFA no modo contato. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao Teste t de Student, á análise de variância e ao Teste de Tukey, ao nível de 5% de significância. A maior lisura superficial foi obtida com a matriz de poliéster para Filttek Supreme XT (Ra=23,63nm), Point 4 (Ra=12,84nm) e Tetric Ceram (Ra=15,20nm). Aresina Durafill VS foi menos rugosa com os discos de óxido de alumínio (Ra=43,05nm). A maior rugosidade superficial foi obtida com a ponta diamantada para Filek Supreme XT (Ra=510,55nm) e Point 4 (Ra=531,64nm), sem diferença estatisticamente significante entre elas. A rugosidade superficial do esmalte foi de 46,55 nm. Com base nestes resultados põde-se concluir que a rugosidade superficial aumentou significamente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of finishing instruments and of polishing techniques on surface roughness of composite resins and to compare to intact human enamel through Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). Flat buccal surface of four caries-free human maxillary central incisors were used for the roughness analysis of enamel. Nanofiller (Filtek Supreme XT, 3M ESPE), microhubrid (Point 4, Kerr Corp.), hybrid (tetric Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent) and microfilled Durafill V.S., Heraeus Külzer) composite resins were evaluated. Mylar matrix strip was used as control group for both analyses. Finishing procedures were done with a 30-blade carbide bur and 30 æm finishing diamond ur for nanofiller and microhybrid resins. Four polishing techniques weretested (T0 : Mylar matrix - control; T1: aluminium oxide discs; T2: felt disc+ diamond paste; T3: aluminium oxide discs + felt disc + diamond paste in all composite resins. The mean roughness (Ra) was evaluaed under AFM on the contact mode. The obtained data was submitted to Studentþs t test, variance , variance analysis (ANOVA) and, Tukeyþs Test, at 5% level of significance. The smoothest surface was obtained with ylar matrix associated with Filtek Supreme XT (Ra=23,63nm), Point 4 (Ra=12,84nm) and Tetric ceram (Ra=15,20nm). Durafill VS showed the lowest roughness with aluminium oxide discs (Ra=43,05nm). The highest surface eoughness was obtained with diamond bur for Fittek Supreme XT (Ra=510,55nm) and point 4 (Ra=531,64nm), without significant difference between them. Surface roughness of enamel was of 46,55nm. Roughness increased significantly after fishing procedures. 30-blade carbide bur produced less roughness compared to extra fine diamond bur. Diamond paste also increased the roughness of composites. Aluminium oxide discs may be used as standard polishing technique for all composite resins, except for hybrid... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Juliano Pelim Pessan / Coorientador: Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem / Coorientadora: Marcelle Danelon / Banca: Leila Maria Cesário Pereira Pinto / Banca: Cristiane Duque / Banca: Robson Frederico Cunha / Banca: Marina de Lourdes Calvo Fracasso / Resumo: O presente estudo avaliou o efeito de géis fluoretados suplementados com Trimetafosfato de Sódio (TMP) sobre a remineralização de lesões de cárie artificial e sobre o desgaste erosivo do esmalte dental bovino in vitro. Para o 1º capítulo, blocos de esmalte (n=168) com lesões de cárie artificiais foram analisados por dureza de superfície (DS) e aleatoriamente divididos em 7 grupos (n=24/grupo), de acordo com os géis testados: Placebo (sem F/TMP), 4500 μg F/g (4500F), 9000 μg F/g (9000F), 4500F+2,5% TMP nanoparticulado (2,5% Nano), 4500F+5% TMP nanoparticulado (Nano 5%), 4500F+5% TMP microparticulado (Micro 5%) e 12300 μg F/g (Acidulado). Os blocos foram tratados uma única vez com os géis (1 minuto) previamente à ciclagem de pH (6 dias). Em seguida, foram determinadas a porcentagem de recuperação de DS (%RDS), a área integrada da lesão de subsuperfície (ΔKHN) e o conteúdo de flúor fortemente-ligado (F), CaF2, cálcio (Ca) e fósforo (Pi) formado (após a aplicação dos géis) e retido no esmalte (após a ciclagem de pH). Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA e teste de Student-Newman-Keuls (p<0,05). Os grupos 2,5% Nano e 5% Micro alcançaram %RDS semelhante aos géis 9000F e Acidulado. Para ΔKHN, os maiores valores foram observados para os grupos Placebo e 5% Nano, e os menores, para 2,5% Nano, 5% Micro, 9000F e Acidulado. Todos os grupos tiveram valores semelhantes de CaF2 retido, exceto Placebo e Acidulado. Um aumento nas concentrações de Ca foi observado para os grupos com TMP nanoparti... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / The present study evaluated the effect of fluoride gels supplemented with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on the remineralization of caries-like lesions and on erosive wear of bovine enamel in vitro. For the first chapter, enamel blocks (n=168) with caries-like lesions were evaluated by surface hardness (SH), and randomly divided into 7 groups (n=24/group), according to the tested gels: (a) Placebo (no F/TMP), 4,500 μg F/g (4500F), 9,000 μg F/g (9000F), 4,500F+2.5% nano-sized TMP (2.5% Nano), 4,500F+5% nano-sized TMP (5% Nano), 4,500F+5% micrometric TMP (5% Micro) and 12,300 μg F/g (Acid gel). Gels were applied on the blocks only once (1 minute) with the gels prior to the pH-cycling regimen (6 days). Following, the percentage of SH recovery (%SHR), integrated subsurface hardness area (ΔKHN), and firmly-bound fluoride (F), CaF2, calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (Pi) formed (after gels application) and retained (after pH cycling) in/on enamel were determined. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls test (p<0.05). The 2.5% Nano and 5% Micro groups reached %SHR similar to the 9000F and acid gel. For ΔKHN, the highest values were observed for the Placebo and Nano 5% groups, and the lowest, for 2.5% Nano, Micro 5%, 9000F and Acid gel. All groups had similar values of CaF2 retained on enamel, except Placebo and Acid gel. An increase in Ca concentrations was observed for the groups treated with nano-sized TMP. Regarding Pi formed and retained, groups treated with TMP were similar to 9000F and Acid gels. In the second chapter, the enamel blocks (n=140) were randomly divided in 7 groups, using the same gels and mode of application described in the first chapter. Half of the blocks' surface was protected with acid-resistant varnish (control area), exposing the other half to the treatment with gels and to erosive (ERO) or erosive+abrasive (ERO+ABR) challenges. After treatment with... / Doutor