No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Syfte Att undersöka hur yoga- och crossfitinstruktörer försöker motivera sina deltagare med utgångspunkt från basic psychological needs theory (BPNT) i Self determination theory (SDT). 1. Vilka metoder använder sig instruktörerna av för att skapa motivation? 2. Finns det någon skillnad mellan instruktörernas sätt att instruera sina deltagare och vad skiljer dem i så fall åt? 3. Hur uppfylls autonomi/meningsfullhet, tillhörighet och kompetens? Metod En kvalitativ intervjumetod användes där åtta informanter rekryterades, där hälften var yogainstruktörer och andra hälften var crossfitinstruktörer. Intervjun utformades för att undersöka instruktörernas arbetssätt i relation till BPNT i SDT. Induktiv dataanalys genomfördes för att belysa instruktörernas arbetssätt. Resultat Crossfitinstruktörerna kunde ge praktiska exempel på sitt arbetssätt i detalj. De ville gärna jobba med progressionsutveckling samt förmedla träningskunskap till deras deltagare. Det kunde påverka autonomistödet till deltagarna då crossfitinstruktörerna behövde vara mer strikta och noggranna i sitt ledarskap för att minska skaderisken. Tillhörighet och känsla av kompetens fick deltagarna genom att ingå i grupper och jobba med varandra. Yogainstruktörerna styrde bort fokus från kompetens i utförandet då de ansåg att prestation inte ingick i deras aktivitetsform. Genom att jobba utifrån sina egna förutsättningar i en autonomistödjande miljö visade de på fysiska och mentala fördelar med träningen. Yogainstruktörerna jobbade inte aktivt med begreppet tillhörighet i träningsformen. Slutsats Aktivitetsformerna skiljde sig i hur de uppfyllde begreppen i BPNT, där yogainstruktörer förmedlade mer autonomi till sina deltagare och där crossfitinstruktörer förmedlade kompetens i högre grad genom progressions- och prestationsutveckling. Arbetet kring tillhörighet skilde sig mellan träningsformerna. Yogainstruktörerna arbetade inte aktivt med tillhörighet bland deltagarna. Crossfitinstruktörerna arbetade mer med att integrera deltagare med varandra och att skapa en familjär känsla i gruppen.

The accurate estimation of age is considered important from an ethical, legal and archaeological perspective. Among the numerous methods based on macroscopic skeletal studies for age estimation, the Suchey-Brooks (1990) method for aging from the pubic symphysis and the Buckberry and Chamberlain (2002) method for aging from the auricular surface are considered more reliable. However, both these methods have been derived from American populations. In saying this, the following study aimed to evaluate whether it is possible to accurately estimate the age-at-death from morphological age-related changes seen on the pubic symphysis and the auricular surface in a black South African population. A total of 197 individuals of both sexes utilising both left and right os coxae were investigated. Age was estimated using descriptions stipulated by Brooks and Suchey (1990) and Buckberry and Chamberlain (2002). Both methods indicated moderate to high inter-and intra-observer errors. Descriptive statistics indicated a sample distribution of predominantly middle aged individuals. Correlation coefficients, inaccuracies and bias as well as Principal Components Analysis (PCA) were calculated for both skeletal elements for both sexes and sides. Statistical analyses indicated no significant differences between sexes and sides for both the pubic symphysis and the auricular surface. When comparing accuracies of each method, inaccuracies and bias were lower in the pubic symphysis than in the auricular surface thus making the pubic symphysis a more reliable age estimator. Similarly, males indicated lower inaccuracies and bias than did females. Principal Component Analysis indicated variance between certain features found on the pubic symphysis and the auricular surface. Overall, the pubic symphysis outperformed the auricular surface, even though the method described by Buckberry and Chamberlain (2002) is considered more reliable. Further investigation of these two methods on a white South African

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri--Rolla, 2007. / Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed December 11, 2007) Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-51).

Autonomy is defined as the subjective experience of congruence between one’s basic values and behavior. Research guided by SDT has focused on the socializing conditions that either foster or undermine the individual’s autonomy at the expense of considering the individual’s capacity to function autonomously by actively and purposively shaping his or her social ecology. The present research adopted a social-ecological approach to the problem of human autonomy, wherein people are presumed to strive for autonomy by relying on their traits and abilities to extract what they need from the social environment. After completing a range of individual difference measures, first-year female undergraduates engaged in a leaderless group discussion task and provided round-robin ratings of their group-members’ social power; self-reported autonomy satisfaction was also assessed. Findings revealed that the personality trait Openness to Experience held predictive relations to social power attainment and, through this association, was positively related to autonomy satisfaction.