This focus of following thesis is the question of disparity in regions. It contents analysis of inequalities in regions of level NUTS III in Czech Republic. The atention head for three areas:living enviroment, unemployment, public health. Analysis is realized by comparsion of most important indicators between the years 2000 and 2009. All indicators are expressed in numerical form in synoptic tables, graphic data and copmleted with annotations and comments. Mathematical and statistical data were used in form of such called points method of evaluation to complete the sequence of regions.

The main discussed problem of this thesis is to find out how competitive United States of Mexico are in worldwide economy. In other words, how competitive United States of Mexico is in comparison with another countries. The first part of this work concludes theoretical knowledge what the competitiveness consists of. The purpose of this part is to understand the competitiveness as a discussed problem of nowadays. The second part of this thesis describes the development of Mexican economy from the year of its independence to nowadays with a focus mostly on the origin of Mexican financial crisis and the North American Free Trade agreement signed by the governments of Canada, United States and Mexico. The third analytical part includes the analysis of the competitiveness of Mexican economy through indicators and markers determined by World economic forum in Geneva, more specifically through the Index of global competitiveness. This part also compares Mexican economy with the BRIC countries of similar stage of newly advanced economic development in the future that refers to Brazil, Russia, India and China. The fourth part describes the analysis of the competitiveness of Mexican economy from the regional point of view. This part recognizes tree main macro regions and description of industry in specific states. The fifth part shows data for the ease of doing business rank (out of 183 economies)in United States of Mexico with the complete analysis of reforms and other improvements taken by United States of Mexico to help more the entrepreneurship.

Submitted by VALERIA DOS SANTOS GOUVEIA MARTINS null (valeria@unicamp.br) on 2016-04-07T03:11:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE _ENTREGUE PGCI_ABRIL 2016_VALERIA MARTINS.pdf: 4506119 bytes, checksum: 3446eac54a84d7ab6f93e68d010c5aed (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-07T19:52:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 martins_vsg_dr_mar.pdf: 4506119 bytes, checksum: 3446eac54a84d7ab6f93e68d010c5aed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-07T19:52:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 martins_vsg_dr_mar.pdf: 4506119 bytes, checksum: 3446eac54a84d7ab6f93e68d010c5aed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-08 / Não recebi financiamento / A avaliação de um determinado ramo do conhecimento, propicia dignificar o saber quando métodos confiáveis e sistemáticos são utilizados para mostrar à sociedade como tal saber vem se desenvolvendo e de que maneira tem contribuído para resolver os problemas que se apresentam dentro de sua área de abrangência. No contexto da avaliação institucional podem ser observadas questões múltiplas como de estrutura, de organização e funcionamento, e de expectativas, mas, sobretudo, a construção do conhecimento. Os sistemas de informação em bibliotecas estabelecem, nos seus processos de medição, dados que retratam sua evolução histórica, com o intuito de quantificar seu desempenho e produtividade; porém, não vinculam uma relação dos resultados obtidos ao planejamento estratégico e, consequentemente, aos objetivos de qualidade da organização, os quais poderiam oferecer parâmetros de análise sobre o que se está medindo, para que se mede e porque se mede. Nem tampouco estabelecem índices, tais como: de resultado, de impacto, de desenvolvimento, os quais poderiam demonstrar a expansão de suas potencialidades. Como objetivo geral a pesquisa propôs a criação de índice de desenvolvimento para as bibliotecas universitárias brasileiras (IDBU) a partir da análise da literatura sobre indicadores. Propôs, ainda, como objetivos específicos: identificar a tipologia de indicadores de acordo com os processos de uso da informação: construção de significado, construção do conhecimento e tomada de decisões, através de benchmarking internacional e análises comparativas; testar a hipótese e os indicadores utilizados nos sistemas de medição e monitoramento das bibliotecas universitárias; criar algoritmo para composição do IDBU; propor um índice de desenvolvimento para bibliotecas universitárias. Os procedimentos metodológicos propostos são de natureza qualiquantitativa, sendo do tipo descritiva exploratória, aplicando-se como método o "Modelo Interpretativo de Análise" (MIA), desenvolvido por Marteleto (2000) e a Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS) do autor J. David Johnson (2011). Os instrumentos utilizados para coleta e tratamento dos dados foram o Software Estatístico Minitab; Software de Análise de Redes Sociais UCINET e Fontes de Pesquisa. A presente pesquisa obteve como resultados a análise do comportamento da literatura sobre os indicadores para bibliotecas universitárias; proposição da metodologia, representação matemática, fórmula, elaboração de diagrama de composição do IDBU e criação do índice de desenvolvimento de bibliotecas universitárias, propriamente dito, assim como a construção de Repositório Temático sobre o assunto, disponível na Web. / The evaluation of a particular branch of knowledge, provides dignify know when reliable and systematic methods are used to show the society as such knowledge is developing and how has contributed to solving the problems that arise in their area. The institutional evaluation context can be seen multiple issues such as structure, organization and operation, and expectations, but above all the construction of knowledge. Information systems in libraries shall include in its measurement process, data reflecting its historical evolution, in order to quantify their performance and productivity; however, they do not bind a list of results of the strategic planning and, consequently, the quality objectives of the organization, which could offer analysis parameters about what is being measured, that is measured and why it is measured. Not establish indices, such as the result of impact of development, which could demonstrate the expansion of its capabilities. The general objective of the research proposes the creation of development index for Brazilian university libraries from the literature analysis of indicators. It proposed moreover the following objectives: identify the type of indicators according to the use of information processes: construction of meaning, knowledge building and decision-making through international benchmarking and comparative analyzes; test the hypothesis and the indicators used in measuring and monitoring systems of university libraries; create algorithm for composition of IDBU; propose a development index for university libraries. The proposed methodological procedures are quantitative qualitative nature, being of exploratory descriptive, applying as a method to "Interpretive Model Analysis" (MIA) developed by Marteleto (2000) and the Social Network Analysis (SNA) the author Johnson (2011). The instruments used for the collection and processing of data were the Statistical Software Minitab; Software Social Network Analysis and Research UCINET sources. This research had as results the analysis of the literature on behavioral indicators for university libraries; proposition of the methodology, mathematical representation, formula, preparing IDBU composition diagram and the creation of university libraries development index, itself, as well as the construction of the Theme Repository on the subject, available on the Web.

Šiame magistro darbe, remiantis teoriniais darnaus vystymosi pagrindais, buvo analizuojamas ir vertinamas pastarųjų devynių metų Lietuvos socialinis - ekonominis augimas ir nuosmukis bei aplinkos būklės kitimas pagal darnaus vystymosi koncepciją, aptariant ir išanalizuojant situaciją apibūdinančius darnaus vystymosi rodiklius. Buvo apžvelgti darnaus vystymosi teoriniai aspektai, išanalizuoti bei palyginti pagrindiniai Lietuvos ekonominiai, socialiniai ir aplinkos būklės rodikliai Europos Sąjungos bei Baltijos šalių kontekste. Atlikti metodologiniai darnaus vystymosi rodiklio skaičiavimai, įvertintos Lietuvos ekonominio socialinio ir aplinkos būklės darnumo tendencijos ir šių sričių tarpusavio sąveika, o taip pat patvirtinta iškelta hipotezė, kad tradicinių ekonominės - socialinės plėtros rodiklių nepakanka matuoti šalies ekonominį – socialinį darnumą. / In this master's thesis, based on a theoretical basis for sustainable development, has been analyzed and evaluated last nine years Lithuania’s social economic growth and recession and changes in environmental sustainability, discussing and analyzing the situation characterizing the sustainable development indicators. In this work was reviewed the theoretical aspects of sustainable development, analyzed and compared the main Lithuania's economic, social and environmental indicators in the European Union and the Baltic countries context. By calculating methodological sustainable development indicator’s, evaluated Lithuania’s economic, social and environmental sustainability trends and confirmed the hypothesis of this work – that traditional development indicators is not enough to measure countries economic – social sustainability.

2006年，中國大陸國務院將天津定位為北方經濟中心，天津的金融發展加速，金融機構家數及存貸款餘額不斷增加。當金融市場完善，有助降低交易成本使資金的融通管道暢通，居民可透過金融市場融通資金來從事更多消費，因此本研究目的為探討金融發展是否也是影響居民消費及恩格爾係數的因素。 本研究以金融深化程度及銀行效率指標兩項金融發展指標，來衡量天津的金融發展程度。實證結果顯示，短期下實質人均儲蓄、都市化程度對居民消費有負向影響；物價指數、實質人均GDP、實質人均可支配年收入與金融深化程度對居民消費有正向影響，銀行效率則對居民消費無影響；而長期下，實質人均儲蓄與都市化程度對消費有負向影響，物價指數、實質人均可支配年收入及銀行效率對消費有正向影響，金融深化程度及實質人均GDP則與居民消費無影響。 在恩格爾係數方面，短期下依賴比、實質人均可支配年收入對居民消費有負向影響；金融深化程度、都市化程度對居民消費有正向影響。長期下金融深化程度對恩格爾係數無影響，但銀行效率卻對恩格爾係數有正向影響。依賴比與實質人均可支配年收入呈負向關係，但金融發展程度與銀行效率對居民消費確實有促進作用。最後本研究建議天津政府除了積極促進消費的同時，也應致力於提高居民實質人均可支配年收入水準及提高銀行資金運用效率。 / In 2006, The State Council in China set Tianjin as the economic center in the northway of China., the financial development in Tianjin has speeded up. The numbers of the financial institutions and the balance of deposit and loan have risen up. When the financial market becomes mature that will reduce the transaction cost and consumers will have more financial accesses and opportunities to finance. Therefore, this paper is aimed to discuss whether the financial development is a factor that influence the consumption and Engel’s coefficient or not. This paper used two financial development indicators to measure the financial development in Tianjin- Financial irrelevant ratio (FIR) ,and bank efficiency. The empirical results shows that real personal savings, and urbanization have negative influence on consumption whereas the price index, real GDP per capita, real personal disposal income and financial irrelevant ratio have positive influence on consumption and banking efficiency has no influence on consumption in the short run. In the long run, however, real personal savings and urbanization have negative influence on consumption but price index, real personal disposal income and banking efficiency have the positive influence on consumption. But financial irrelevant ratio and real GDP per capita have no influence on consumption. In the Engel’s coefficient aspect, dependency ratio and real personal disposal income have negative influence. The Financial irrelevant ratio, urbanization and food price index have positive influence in the short run. In the long run, financial irrelevant ratio has no significant influence on Engel’s coefficient but banking efficiency has positive influence on consumption. Dependency ratio and real personal disposal income have negative influence on consumption. Therefore, this paper finds out that the FIR and the bank efficiency have pushed up the consumption in the short run and long run respectively. This paper recommends that the Tianjin’s government should not only to push up the consumption but also should be dedicated to raise up the personal disposal income and banking efficiency.

The aim of the thesis is to analyse how to measure an economic pillar of sustainable urban development when it is understood in terms of qualitative city development. This principly means achieving economic prosperity which does not lead to damage of the city areas and decrease the quality of life for its residents. This approach requires the creation of an appropriate set of indicators that will cover qualitative aspects of sustainable economic development. The first section summarizes existing approaches to the definition of sustainable development and ways of measuring both on the Czech and the international level. There are also defined basic characteristics of the urban development which are appropriate to express a qualitative development of the city. The second part is focused on existing ways in which sustainable development is measured, i.e. especially in the context of indicator sets. These are under detailed assessment which aim is to show how useful is to measure the economic sustainability from the qualitative point of view. In this part, the limits of using economic macro aggregates (especially Gross Domestic Product) is emphasized because there are still regarded as one of the key economic indicators of sustainable development. In the next part the thesis deals with the definition of economic prosperity and focuses on the characteristics typical for short, medium and long term perspective. Measurement of sustainable urban development in the short term is based on assessment of financial situation. From the medium-term point of view, it is crucial to assess how the city handles its property, i.e. mainly buildings and land. These property components are substantial for a further direction of city development. In the next section are designed indicators aimed at measuring the ability of the city to maintain a skilled workforce which is one of the most important conditions of long-term economic prosperity. The final theoretical part of the thesis is focused on how the long-term sustainable urban development is to be expressed in an economic way through the assessment of investments in urban infrastructure and its operational efficiency. The designed set of indicators is verified on case studies of three medium-sized Czech cities.