I den svenska skolan använder lärarna sig ofta av översättning och ordlistor för att lära ut vokabulär till eleverna, och användningen av andra undervisningsmetoder är inte lika vanligt. Det är inte heller vanligt att eleverna använder sig av strategier för ordinlärning trotts att det är ett av kunskapskraven i Lgr11.  Syftet med denna studie är att ta reda på hur översättning och den så kallade direktmetoden kan användas enligt forskningen inom ämnet som undervisningsmetoder i vokabulärundervisningen och att jämföra nackdelarna och fördelarna med respektive undervisningsmetod. Syftet med denna studie är även att se vilka inlärningsstrategier som är rekommenderade av forskningen inom ämnet att lära ut och använda sig av för att lära sig vokabulär.

This thesis aims at examining the difficulties and challenges that a teacher in English is bound to face when working with newly arrived pupils, as well as at finding out how teacher training programs in Sweden prepare future English teachers for the inevitable encounter with newcomers. The study is conducted through qualitative semi-structured interviews with two teachers of English as well as two teacher students. What emerges from the collected material is that newly arrived pupils find themselves in a very complicated situation. The fact that they are forced to learn English at the same time as they are trying to acquire the Swedish language, alongside the fact that they are to work with classmates that are significantly more experienced than they are in the acquisition of English, entails increased demands on teachers. The lack of resources allocated to this area by Swedish schools makes the teachers` task all the more complicated. Thus, English teachers are confronted with a particularly difficult task in regards to their encounter with newcomers. The study also shows that English teachers do not possess the skills that are deemed necessary to properly deal with the situation. In order to meet the newcomers` particular requirements, English teachers need to acquire a type of knowledge that today they lack, namely knowledge on multilingualism and third language acquisition, and thus develop a new set of skills. This means that teacher training programs need to be adjusted in order to provide future English teachers with a type of knowledge that teacher training programs currently do not offer their students.

Sammanfattning Praktiska övningar är självklara inslag i naturvetenskaplig undervisning och skrivs också fram i styrdokumenten. Deras betydelse för elevers lärande är dock något som ibland ifrågasätts och problematiserats. Tidigare forskning visar att en förutsättning för effektivt lärande är att elever har en tydlig uppfattning av målen med de praktiska övningar som genomförs, men att detta sällan är fallet. De studier där elever intervjuats om sin uppfattning kring mål med praktiska övningar är dock relativt få. Detta arbete syftar till att undersöka och jämföra vilka mål som uttrycks av lärare respektive elever, både när det handlar om en specifik övning i biologi, men också om praktiska övningar i biologi i allmänhet. Tre lärare på tre olika gymnasieskolor och deras elever i årskurs ett på det naturvetenskapliga programmet deltog i vår studie, och det empiriska materialet har främst inhämtats genom enskilda intervjuer med lärarna samt fokusgruppintervjuer med eleverna. Intervjuerna har transkriberats och analyserats genom tematisk analys. Vårt resultat visar att eleverna har många tankar kring och tydliga uppfattningar om mål med praktiska övningar i biologi i allmänhet. När det gäller de huvudsakliga målen för de specifika övningarna så visar vårt resultat att elevernas uppfattningar stämmer väl överens med lärarnas. När man tittar på mål med praktiska övningar i allmänhet och jämför respektive lärares svar med respektive elevers så är överensstämmelsen sämre, främst hos två av lärare/elevgrupperna. Vad detta beror på är svårt att säga så mycket om, lärarna och eleverna har inte känt varandra så länge eftersom eleverna går första terminen på gymnasiet, kanske blir korrelationen högre ju längre tid läraren undervisar eleverna? Ett mål som både lärare och elever lyfter med praktiska övningar är att tillgodose olika elevers sätt att lära genom variation i undervisningen. Vissa lär sig lättare när de arbetar praktiskt och vissa föredrar att läsa i boken. Detta är ett mål som inte framkommit i tidigare genomförda studier.

No description available.

Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 2006

This thesis is an explorative experimental study in two parts of different ways of organising Science education in the Swedish context. The first study deals with the question if students attain higher scores on test results if they have been working with integrated Science compared to subject-specific Science i.e. Biology, Chemistry and Physics. The second study concerns the similarities and differences between integrated Science education and Science education in Biology, Chemistry and Physics, especially in the teaching organisation. The introduction describes the nature of integrated curriculum, what integrated learning is, issues about integrated Science education, in what way integration is carried out, between subjects or within subjects, what the opposite to integrated Science is (here named as  subjectspecific science education) in the Swedish context and what the Swedish curriculum has to say about integrated Science. Previous studies in integrated curriculum looking at students’ results are referred to, and it is argued for the use of the OECD’s PISA assessment instrument in this study. The thesis consists of two studies, one quantitative and one qualitative, within the above framework. The quantitative study is an attempt to find differences in scores on students’ written results on a large-scale assessment in scientific literacy between students studying in different organisations of Science education. The qualitative study is an attempt to  describe differences at classroom level between integrated Science and subject-specific Science. This gives a quite rich description of four schools (cases) in a small town and how they organise their teaching integrated or subject-specific. No differences in students’ results between different Science organisations were found in the quantitative study in this thesis. Possible explanations for the lack of differences in students’ results are discussed in the article. An additional investigation that attempts to test the variable used in the quantitative study is carried out in the thesis, with an attempt to sharpen the teacher organisation variable. This is done to find out if it is possible that there can be found differences with the sharpened variable. The qualitative study gives a glimpse of some differences in the implemented curriculum between schools working with integrated Science education and a school that works subjectspecifically. The teachers do the overall lesson plans in different ways according to which organisation according to integrated or subject-specific Science they work with. When asked in a survey what kind of Science organisation they have, students from the four schools studied answered differently between schools and also, sometimes, within the same school. A further analysis of this second study is carried out by defining a conceptual framework used as structure and a possible explanation for differences between students’ views and teachers’ views on the organisation of Science education. This latter analysis tries to give an enriched description in mainly the two levels of the implemented and attained curricula, and tries to discuss the difference in students’ attained curriculum. A final discussion concludes the thesis and concerns an elaboration of the results of the thesis, problems with the main variable involved in the two studies and the possibility that the teacher actions effects also the magnitude of students’ achievement on tests.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

This study has aimed to display the kind of information and the values regarding the Swedish national minority languages that can be found in four textbooks for the course Swedish 2 in the Swedish upper secondary school. Two analyses have been made: one which determines the representation type of each paragraph and one which evaluates the words and expressions of the textbooks. The results have been compared with the Swedish curriculum as well as to the European charter for regional or minority languages and the Framework convention for the protection of national minorities. The conclusion is that none of the textbooks fully correspond to what is requested in the two European documents, nor what is demanded in the Swedish curriculum, although one of the textbooks gets fairly close. However, all the books in this study do fulfill the demands for the course Swedish 2. Therefore, it is argued that the enunciation for this course is not satisfactory to ensure an equivalent countrywide education.