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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
131

Studies Toward Highly Fluorinated Polyphenylenes by Diels-Alder Polymerization

Sen, Sanghamitra 30 May 2008 (has links)
Diels-Alder polyphenylenes (DAPPs) are chemically and thermally stable polymers, used for dielectric resins, gas separation membranes, and fuel cell proton exchange membranes. Highly fluorinated DAPPs are expected to have better thermal stability and chemical resistance, higher glass transition temperatures, improved compatibility with other fluorinated polymers (like NafionTM), and better adhesion to certain surfaces such as some metals. This thesis proposes a synthesis of highly fluorinated DAPPs by reacting novel, fluorinated bis-cyclopentadienone (CPD) monomers with known aromatic dialkynes. This thesis starts with an introduction to DAPP synthesis, properties, and applications. The second chapter focuses on the synthesis of 4,4′-bis[1,2,4-tris(perfluoro-4-tolyl)cyclopentadien-5-one-3-yl]octafluorobiphenyl (CPD monomer). In the first step, disodiumbis(cyclopentadieny)octafluorobiphenyl was combined with 6 equivalents of octafluorotoluene in HMPA to give 4,4′-bis[1,2,4-tris(perfluoro-4-tolyl)cyclopentadiene-3-yl]octafluorobiphenyl. Oxidation to the corresponding diketone was effected using selenium dioxide. The synthesis of CPD monomer presented several unexpected challenges that were ultimately overcome. The third chapter describes a series of initial polymerization experiments as well as some model reactions that were carried out to understand monomer reactivity. Finally the future research plan of synthesizing different polymers by Diels-Alder reaction and nucleophilic substitution reaction has been discussed. / Master of Science
132

Derivados porfirínicos com potencial aplicação em terapia fotodinâmica. Alterações estruturais / Porphyrinic Derivatives with Potential Application in Photodynamic Therapy. Structural Modifications.

Garcia, Vinícius Silveira 13 March 2008 (has links)
Devido à sua intensa absorção de luz na região visível do espectro, as porfirinas e seus derivados (clorinas e bacterioclorinas) são de grande importância na terapia fotodinâmica (TFD) para o tratamento de doenças neoplásicas. Neste trabalho foram sintetizadas as novas vinil-porfirinas estrategicamente funcionalizadas (47 e 48), seguida de uma sistemática de reações de Diels-Alder com dieófilos ativados, com o propósito de obter clorinas e/ou bacterioclorinas para potenciais aplicações em TFD. / Due to their strong absorption in the visible region, porphyrins and related derivatives (chlorins and bacteriochlorins) are very important in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of neoplasic diseases. In this work were synthesized the novel and strategically functionalizated vinyl-porphyrins 47 and 48, followed by systematic Diels-Alder reactions with activated dienophiles to obtain chlorins and/or bacteriochlorins, potentially useful on PDT.
133

Estudos sobre a síntese de furanoeliangolidos a partir da reação de Diels-Alder / Studies about synthesis of furanoheliangolies from Diels-Alder reaction

Pedersoli, Susimaire 06 February 2006 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi iniciar o estudo de uma nova metodologia sintética para a obtenção do sistema 11-oxabiciclo[6.2.1]undecano, o esqueleto estrutural básico de uma classe de produtos naturais conhecidos como furanoeliangolidos. A abordagem sintética proposta envolveria a formação de um composto bicíclico através da reação de Diels-Alder com derivados de furano, seguida pela formação de um hexanel e, finalmente, ruptura de uma ligação central para formação do sistema macrocíclico. Além disso, a reação de Diels-Alder entre derivados de furano e acetileno dará origem a compostos que apresentam como esqueleto estrutural o sistema 7-oxabiciclo[2.2.1]heptano, que podem ser utilizados como material de partida para a síntese de diversos produtos naturais. Iniciamos este estudo com a reação de Diels-Alder entre o 3,4-dimetoxi-2-metil furano e o bromopropiolato de metila, onde foi obtido o produto 85, que após algumas modificações deu origem ao composto 92. Entretanto, após inúmeras tentativas não conseguimos transformar o composto 92 no triciclo desejado. Para evitar essas transformações que se mostraram problemáticas, resolvemos estudar a reação de Diels-Alder entre derivados de furano e benzoquinonas 2,5-dissubstituídas, que dará origem aos adutos devidamente funcionalizados para serem transformados no derivado do sistema 11-oxabiciclo [6.2.1]undecano. No entanto, após o estudo dessas reações de cicloadição, observamos que elas têm o equilíbrio fortemente deslocado no sentido dos materiais de partida. Por esse motivo, a continuidade desta metodologia sintética mostrou ser inviável. Iniciamos então, um estudo da reação de Diels-Alder entre os diverso derivados de furanos e acetilenos. Após o estudo dessas reações de Diels-Alder foi possível verificar que a maioria dos adutos derivados dos furanos é instável no meio reacional. Os melhores resultados obtidos nessas reações de Diels-Alder foram usando o acetilenodicarboxilato de dimetila como dienófilo. Os adutos obtidos são intermediários importantes e bem funcionalizados, que podem ser utilizados na continuidade do estudo de desenvolvimento de nova metodologia sintética para a obtenção do sistema 11-oxabiciclo[6.2.1]undecano / The aim of this work was to start the study of a new methodology to synthesize the 11-oxabicycle[6.2.1]undecane system, the main carbon skeleton of the furanoheliangolides. The proposed synthetic approach involves the preparation of a bicyclic compound through a Diels-Alder reaction with furan derivatives, followed by formation of a six membered ring and, finally, cleavage of the central bond to obtain of the macrocyclic system. The Diels-Alder reaction between furan and acetylene derivatives gives a compound with the 7-oxabicyclico[2.2.1]heptane system, that is a potential starting material for the synthesis of several natural products. We started this study with the Diels-Alder reaction between the 3,4-dimethoxy-2-methylfuran and methyl bromopropiolate, and obtained the product 85 that after some modifications furnished the compound 92. However, after various attempts we were unable to convert the compound 92 into the desired tricycle. We have then decided to study the Diels-Alder reaction between furan and 2,5-disubstituted benzoquinone derivatives, that could furnish the adducts properly functionalized to be transformed in the 11-oxabicyclico[6.2.1]undecane system. However, we observed that the equilibrium is strongly shifted towards the starting materials in these cycloaddition reactions. This methodology has thus showed to be impracticable. As a third alternative, we affected the study the Diels-Alder reaction between the furans derivatives and the acetylenes. The adducts obtained present 7-oxabicyclico[2.2.1]heptane system that could be used to synthesizes of structural skeleton of furanoheliangolide.
134

Obtenção de β-aminoálcoois utilizando sais de piridínio / Preparation of β- aminoalcohols from Pyridinium Salts

Nakagawa, Juliana Mino 22 December 2016 (has links)
Quando o tetrafluoroborato de N-(α-carbometoximetil)-2,4,6-trifenilpiridínio (Ia) foi tratado com hidróxido de potássio em etanol, resultou uma betaína que, ao ser aquecida na presença de benzaldeído ou p-clorobenzaldeído, não produziu a esperada oxazolidina IIa. Em lugar desta 1,2-di-hidropiridina, formou-se um sal cujo cátion correspondia à estrutura de um N-metil-2,4,6-trifenilpiridínio (III). Este composto resultaria da protonação da ilida intermediária, formada pela descarboxilação da betaína. Porém, quando o mesmo tipo de reação foi efetuada com o derivado α-metilado Ib, o espectro de RMN de H do produto bruto indicou a formação da di-hidropiridina (IIb), na forma de 4 estereoisômeros. A oxazolidina IIa, como um isômero largamente majoritário, pôde ser obtida pela reação do tetrafluoroborato de N-metil-2,4,6-trifenilpiridínio (III) com p-clorobenzaldeído, na presença de uma solução diluída de álcali. Esta oxazolidina era bastante instável e não pode ser purificada, sendo submetida na forma bruta à reação de Diels-Alder com a N-metil-maleimida. Esta reação conduziu a dois adutos isoméricos (IV e V). Embora o aduto majoritário (V) fosse estável em solução de deutero-clorofórmio, o aduto minoritário (IV), na presença desse solvente e à temperatura ambiente, isomerizava-se após algumas horas. A estrutura dos três adutos foi determinada por experimentos de RMN de H (NOESY e NOE 1D seletivo). A adição de um pequeno volume de solução diluída de ácido clorídrico aos compostos IV e V, dissolvidos em acetonitrila e à temperatura ambiente, resultou na isomerização catalítica desses adutos. Porém, quando esta reação de protonação foi efetuada sob refluxo de acetonitrila, formaram-se dois produtos (VI e VII), cuja estrutura era compatível com ocorrência de uma reação de retro-aza Diels-Alder. Finalmente, foi estudado o equilíbrio conformacional de dois novos sais de 2,4,6-trifenil- piridínio, e os resultados foram comparados com aqueles obtidos para os sais análogos 2,4,6-trimetil-substituídos. / When the tetrafluoroborate of N-(α-carbomethoxymethyl)-2,4,6-triphenylpridinium (Ia) was submitted to alkaline hydrolysis followed by decarboxylation upon heating, the resulting betaine failed to undergo the aldol addition reaction with aromatic aldehydes leading, in lieu of the expected oxazolidine (IIa),a salt bearing the cation N-methyl-2,4,6-triphenylpyridinium (III), as a result of the easy protonation of the intermediate ylide. However, for the corresponding a-methylated salt (Ib), the formation of four stereoisomeric 1,2- dihydropiridines was confirmed by inspection of the H NMR of the crude product. As an alternative to this method for obtaining IIa, a mixture of III and p-chlorobenzaldehyde was stirred at room temperature for several hours, in the presence of a diluted aqueous alkali. The resulting 1,2-dihidropyridine (IIa) was rather unstable precluding its isolation from the crude product mixture, and was submitted, without further purification, to the Diels-Alder reaction with Nmethylmaleimide, leading to two diastereomeric isoquinuclidines (IV) and (V). Although the major isomer showed to be stable in a deuterochloroform solution, the minor isomer (IV) underwent a spontaneous isomerization, upon standing in such solvent at room temperature. The stereochemical features of these three aducts could be accessed by NOESY and 1D NOE selective H NMR experiments. By treating a solution of adducts IV and V in acetonitrile with a small volume of aqueous HCl, at room temperature, an acid catalyzed isomerization took place. However, when the protonation reaction of the major diastereoisomer (V) was performed in acetonitrile at the reflux temperature, two products (VI and VII) were isolated, highlighting the occurrence of a retro-aza Diels Alder reaction. Finally, the conformation equilibria for two new 2,4,6-triphenyl- pyridinium salts was investigated. Results were correlated with previous ones referring to analogous 2,4,6-trimethyl- salts.
135

Obtenção de β-aminoálcoois utilizando sais de piridínio / Preparation of β- aminoalcohols from Pyridinium Salts

Juliana Mino Nakagawa 22 December 2016 (has links)
Quando o tetrafluoroborato de N-(α-carbometoximetil)-2,4,6-trifenilpiridínio (Ia) foi tratado com hidróxido de potássio em etanol, resultou uma betaína que, ao ser aquecida na presença de benzaldeído ou p-clorobenzaldeído, não produziu a esperada oxazolidina IIa. Em lugar desta 1,2-di-hidropiridina, formou-se um sal cujo cátion correspondia à estrutura de um N-metil-2,4,6-trifenilpiridínio (III). Este composto resultaria da protonação da ilida intermediária, formada pela descarboxilação da betaína. Porém, quando o mesmo tipo de reação foi efetuada com o derivado α-metilado Ib, o espectro de RMN de H do produto bruto indicou a formação da di-hidropiridina (IIb), na forma de 4 estereoisômeros. A oxazolidina IIa, como um isômero largamente majoritário, pôde ser obtida pela reação do tetrafluoroborato de N-metil-2,4,6-trifenilpiridínio (III) com p-clorobenzaldeído, na presença de uma solução diluída de álcali. Esta oxazolidina era bastante instável e não pode ser purificada, sendo submetida na forma bruta à reação de Diels-Alder com a N-metil-maleimida. Esta reação conduziu a dois adutos isoméricos (IV e V). Embora o aduto majoritário (V) fosse estável em solução de deutero-clorofórmio, o aduto minoritário (IV), na presença desse solvente e à temperatura ambiente, isomerizava-se após algumas horas. A estrutura dos três adutos foi determinada por experimentos de RMN de H (NOESY e NOE 1D seletivo). A adição de um pequeno volume de solução diluída de ácido clorídrico aos compostos IV e V, dissolvidos em acetonitrila e à temperatura ambiente, resultou na isomerização catalítica desses adutos. Porém, quando esta reação de protonação foi efetuada sob refluxo de acetonitrila, formaram-se dois produtos (VI e VII), cuja estrutura era compatível com ocorrência de uma reação de retro-aza Diels-Alder. Finalmente, foi estudado o equilíbrio conformacional de dois novos sais de 2,4,6-trifenil- piridínio, e os resultados foram comparados com aqueles obtidos para os sais análogos 2,4,6-trimetil-substituídos. / When the tetrafluoroborate of N-(α-carbomethoxymethyl)-2,4,6-triphenylpridinium (Ia) was submitted to alkaline hydrolysis followed by decarboxylation upon heating, the resulting betaine failed to undergo the aldol addition reaction with aromatic aldehydes leading, in lieu of the expected oxazolidine (IIa),a salt bearing the cation N-methyl-2,4,6-triphenylpyridinium (III), as a result of the easy protonation of the intermediate ylide. However, for the corresponding a-methylated salt (Ib), the formation of four stereoisomeric 1,2- dihydropiridines was confirmed by inspection of the H NMR of the crude product. As an alternative to this method for obtaining IIa, a mixture of III and p-chlorobenzaldehyde was stirred at room temperature for several hours, in the presence of a diluted aqueous alkali. The resulting 1,2-dihidropyridine (IIa) was rather unstable precluding its isolation from the crude product mixture, and was submitted, without further purification, to the Diels-Alder reaction with Nmethylmaleimide, leading to two diastereomeric isoquinuclidines (IV) and (V). Although the major isomer showed to be stable in a deuterochloroform solution, the minor isomer (IV) underwent a spontaneous isomerization, upon standing in such solvent at room temperature. The stereochemical features of these three aducts could be accessed by NOESY and 1D NOE selective H NMR experiments. By treating a solution of adducts IV and V in acetonitrile with a small volume of aqueous HCl, at room temperature, an acid catalyzed isomerization took place. However, when the protonation reaction of the major diastereoisomer (V) was performed in acetonitrile at the reflux temperature, two products (VI and VII) were isolated, highlighting the occurrence of a retro-aza Diels Alder reaction. Finally, the conformation equilibria for two new 2,4,6-triphenyl- pyridinium salts was investigated. Results were correlated with previous ones referring to analogous 2,4,6-trimethyl- salts.
136

Synthèse et étude de réseaux élastomères réticulés réversiblement / Synthesis and study of recyclable elastomeric network

Berto, Pierre 17 November 2017 (has links)
Ce travail de thèse porte sur la synthèse et la caractérisation d’élastomères réticulés réversiblement à base de polyisoprène et polybutadiène en vue de leur possible recyclage. Pour se faire, de longues chaines de polydiènes 1,4-cis ont été dégradées de manière contrôlée afin d’obtenir des polymères à faible viscosité. Dans un second temps, ces polydiènes ont ensuite été modifiés chimiquement soit le long ou soit aux extrémités des chaines afin d’obtenir des fonctions réactives de type alcool. Ces fonctions hydroxyles ont ensuite servi de point d’ancrage pour le greffage de fonctions furanes. L’addition d’un composé de type bis-maléimide au polymère liquide a alors conduit à la formation d’élastomère réticulé thermo-réversiblement grâce à la réaction de Diels-Alder entre les groupements furanes et maléimides. Les matériaux ainsi obtenus se comportement comme un élastomère réticulé stable dans une large gamme de température (- 80 °C à + 130 °C). Les propriétés mécaniques de ces élastomères (module de Young, contrainte/élongation à la rupture, module caoutchoutique) peuvent être facilement modulées en modifiant plusieurs paramètres comme la longueur des chaines, la densité de réticulation ou le lieu de réticulation (bout des chaines ou le long des chaines. La recyclabilité des matériaux a ensuite été montrée, aucune perte de propriétés n’a été observée même après 5 cycles de recyclage. Enfin, en changeant le type de liens réversibles par des groupements ureidopyrimidinones (UPy), nous avons observé que le matériel réticulé réversiblement par liaisons hydrogène obtenu possédait une organisation supramoléculaire particulière, induite par l’assemblage des groupements UPy. / This work focuses on the synthesis and characterization of reversibly crosslinked polyisoprene and polybutadiene and their potential recyclability. To this end, long chains of 1,4-cis polydienes have been degraded in a controlled manner in order to obtain telechelic polymers with low viscosity. In a second step, these low molar mass polydienes were chemically modified either along the backbone or at the chain-end of the polymer in order to obtain reactive functions. The thus obtained hydroxyl functions have been used as an anchor point for the grafting of furan functions. The addition of a bis-maleimide compound to the liquid polymer led to the formation of thermo-reversibly crosslinked elastomer thanks to the Diels-Alder reaction between the furan and the maleimide groups. The obtained materials have the behavior of a crosslinked elastomer, stable in a wide temperature range (-80 °C to + 130 °C). The mechanical properties of these elastomers (Young's modulus, strain / elongation at break, rubber modulus) can be easily modulated by modifying several parameters such as chain length, crosslinking density or crosslinking site along the chains. The recyclability of the materials was shown as no properties loss was observed even after 5 cycles of recycling. Finally, by changing the furan groups by ureidopyrimidinone groups (UPy), the reversibly crosslinked material obtained through hydrogen bonds possessed a totally different behavior with a particular supramolecular organization, induced by the assembly of the UPy groups.
137

Design of New Polyester Architectures through Copolymerization, Crosslinking, and Diels-Alder Grafting

Vargas, Marian 12 April 2004 (has links)
The compound 2,6-anthracenedicarboxylic acid is used as a comonomer for the synthesis of poly(ethylene terephthalate). The resulting copolymers are characterized and further functionalized by Diels-Alder grafting or crosslinking through the anthracenate unit. Diels-Alder reaction is used to graft small molecules and oligomers endcapped with maleimide as dienophiles on to poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-2,6-anthracenedicarboxylate),PET-co-A. Maleimide-capped poly(ethylene glycol) is grafted onto PET-co-A to improved its hydrophilicity. 2,6-Anthracenedicarboxylic acid is also incorporated into the known liquid crystalline polymer, LCP, poly(4-oxybenzoate-co-1,4-phenylene isophthalate), HIQ40. The resulting copolymer, poly(4-oxybenzoate-co-1,4-phenylene isophthalate-co-2,6-phenylene anthracenate), HIQ40-co-A, shows LCP behavior. These HIQ40-co-A copolymers are grafted with maleimide end-capped monomers and polymers andcrosslinked with bismaleimides through a Diels-Alder mechanism.
138

Estudos sobre a síntese de furanoeliangolidos a partir da reação de Diels-Alder / Studies about synthesis of furanoheliangolies from Diels-Alder reaction

Susimaire Pedersoli 06 February 2006 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi iniciar o estudo de uma nova metodologia sintética para a obtenção do sistema 11-oxabiciclo[6.2.1]undecano, o esqueleto estrutural básico de uma classe de produtos naturais conhecidos como furanoeliangolidos. A abordagem sintética proposta envolveria a formação de um composto bicíclico através da reação de Diels-Alder com derivados de furano, seguida pela formação de um hexanel e, finalmente, ruptura de uma ligação central para formação do sistema macrocíclico. Além disso, a reação de Diels-Alder entre derivados de furano e acetileno dará origem a compostos que apresentam como esqueleto estrutural o sistema 7-oxabiciclo[2.2.1]heptano, que podem ser utilizados como material de partida para a síntese de diversos produtos naturais. Iniciamos este estudo com a reação de Diels-Alder entre o 3,4-dimetoxi-2-metil furano e o bromopropiolato de metila, onde foi obtido o produto 85, que após algumas modificações deu origem ao composto 92. Entretanto, após inúmeras tentativas não conseguimos transformar o composto 92 no triciclo desejado. Para evitar essas transformações que se mostraram problemáticas, resolvemos estudar a reação de Diels-Alder entre derivados de furano e benzoquinonas 2,5-dissubstituídas, que dará origem aos adutos devidamente funcionalizados para serem transformados no derivado do sistema 11-oxabiciclo [6.2.1]undecano. No entanto, após o estudo dessas reações de cicloadição, observamos que elas têm o equilíbrio fortemente deslocado no sentido dos materiais de partida. Por esse motivo, a continuidade desta metodologia sintética mostrou ser inviável. Iniciamos então, um estudo da reação de Diels-Alder entre os diverso derivados de furanos e acetilenos. Após o estudo dessas reações de Diels-Alder foi possível verificar que a maioria dos adutos derivados dos furanos é instável no meio reacional. Os melhores resultados obtidos nessas reações de Diels-Alder foram usando o acetilenodicarboxilato de dimetila como dienófilo. Os adutos obtidos são intermediários importantes e bem funcionalizados, que podem ser utilizados na continuidade do estudo de desenvolvimento de nova metodologia sintética para a obtenção do sistema 11-oxabiciclo[6.2.1]undecano / The aim of this work was to start the study of a new methodology to synthesize the 11-oxabicycle[6.2.1]undecane system, the main carbon skeleton of the furanoheliangolides. The proposed synthetic approach involves the preparation of a bicyclic compound through a Diels-Alder reaction with furan derivatives, followed by formation of a six membered ring and, finally, cleavage of the central bond to obtain of the macrocyclic system. The Diels-Alder reaction between furan and acetylene derivatives gives a compound with the 7-oxabicyclico[2.2.1]heptane system, that is a potential starting material for the synthesis of several natural products. We started this study with the Diels-Alder reaction between the 3,4-dimethoxy-2-methylfuran and methyl bromopropiolate, and obtained the product 85 that after some modifications furnished the compound 92. However, after various attempts we were unable to convert the compound 92 into the desired tricycle. We have then decided to study the Diels-Alder reaction between furan and 2,5-disubstituted benzoquinone derivatives, that could furnish the adducts properly functionalized to be transformed in the 11-oxabicyclico[6.2.1]undecane system. However, we observed that the equilibrium is strongly shifted towards the starting materials in these cycloaddition reactions. This methodology has thus showed to be impracticable. As a third alternative, we affected the study the Diels-Alder reaction between the furans derivatives and the acetylenes. The adducts obtained present 7-oxabicyclico[2.2.1]heptane system that could be used to synthesizes of structural skeleton of furanoheliangolide.
139

Derivados porfirínicos com potencial aplicação em terapia fotodinâmica. Alterações estruturais / Porphyrinic Derivatives with Potential Application in Photodynamic Therapy. Structural Modifications.

Vinícius Silveira Garcia 13 March 2008 (has links)
Devido à sua intensa absorção de luz na região visível do espectro, as porfirinas e seus derivados (clorinas e bacterioclorinas) são de grande importância na terapia fotodinâmica (TFD) para o tratamento de doenças neoplásicas. Neste trabalho foram sintetizadas as novas vinil-porfirinas estrategicamente funcionalizadas (47 e 48), seguida de uma sistemática de reações de Diels-Alder com dieófilos ativados, com o propósito de obter clorinas e/ou bacterioclorinas para potenciais aplicações em TFD. / Due to their strong absorption in the visible region, porphyrins and related derivatives (chlorins and bacteriochlorins) are very important in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of neoplasic diseases. In this work were synthesized the novel and strategically functionalizated vinyl-porphyrins 47 and 48, followed by systematic Diels-Alder reactions with activated dienophiles to obtain chlorins and/or bacteriochlorins, potentially useful on PDT.
140

Syntheses and the Structures of Polymethylpolycyclic and Polycyclic "Cage" Molecules

Zhao, Dalian 05 1900 (has links)
The structures of Diels-Alder cycloaddition of cyclopentadiene to 2,6-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone and methylcyclopentadiene to 2,6-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone were assigned by analysis of 1-D and 2-D proton and carbon-13 NMR spectra. The structures of the cycloadduct of methylcyclopentadiene to 2,6-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone and that of the corresponding intramolecular [2+2] photocyclization product were also obtained by single crystal X-ray structural analysis. As the second part of the study, a new polycyclic "cage" molecule, a substituted trishomocubane isomer, was synthesized. In this synthesis, reductive bond cleavage followed by Dieckmann condensation was employed. Wolff-Kishner reduction then was used to convert a β-keto ester "cage" molecule to the corresponding carboxylic acid. A compound that possesses twofold symmetry was isolated from reaction product mixture. The structure of this compound has been established by single crystal X-ray crystallography.

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