No description available.

My intention with this paper is to try to understand the meaning of the double sex symbols which can be identified on a number of Neolithic so called battle axes from the region round the lake Mälaren in Sweden. My conclusions are drawn after having studied a number of archaeological thesises. I have realized that the society was egalitarian from what is said about the funeral habits since women and men were buried with the same care. Ceramics from the Skogsmossen site show a very long continuity over 15-20 generations. These facts indicate a peaceful society without traumatic breaks where knowledge would have been lost. The fingerprints produced on the ceramics are those of women, since they do not seem to fit with the hands of men. Women are by this fact persumed to be the producers of ceramics. In early and primitive farming digging sticks were used, often with a weight. My conclusion is that the boat axe can be a magic tool used on the digging sticks. We have to understand the boat axes as spiritual helpers to fruitful and fertile success.

Mit dem Anspruch, den Informationsgehalt heute standardmäßig erhobener Prozess- und Betriebsdaten mit beliebiger zeitlicher Auflösung für die Zwecke der Grabwiderstandsanalyse zu erschließen, wurde auf Grundlage der konventionellen Methode der indirekten Grabwiderstandsermittlung ein umfassendes mathematisches Modell der Gesamtheit aller Teilprozesse bei der schneidenden Gewinnung am Graborgan des vorschublosen Schaufelrad-baggers erarbeitet und bisher unberücksichtigte zeitabhängige Einflussgrößen integriert. Das Ziel der Anwendung der hochauflösenden indirekten Grabwiderstandsanalyse (HIG) auf verschiedene theoretische und praktische Aufgabenstellungen war die Prüfung der Ergebnisplausibilität sowie die umfassende Diskussion der Potentiale und Grenzen der Methode. Für die Schneidwerkzeugentwicklung ist die Anwendung der HIG die einzige Möglichkeit, ohne zusätzliche Kosten, Umbaumaßnahmen oder Betriebsstillstände den Einfluss von Werkzeugparametern unter betrieblichen Bedingungen zu analysieren. Für die theoretische Weiter¬entwicklung des Fachgebietes ermöglicht die Prozessmodellierung auf Basis beliebiger Zeitinkremente die umfassende Analyse konventioneller und spanunabhängiger Grabwiderstandskenngrößen.

No description available.

Virtual Reality (VR) simulators have become popular because of two distinctive merits. One is the capability to transfer data and information to users in an intuitive way by means of 3-D high-quality graphics output and real input devices. The other is the capability to represent physical systems in mathematical models so that meaningful responses of the systems can be predicted. Previous efforts in VR excavating machine simulator development, however, showed a lack of balance between the fidelity of the model of the physics and the visual representation of the simulated equipment. In order to ensure that a VR construction excavator simulator provides convincing operating results to users, the focus of simulator development needs to be shifted to interaction of physically valid soil and the excavator machine. This research aims to contribute to the development of a VR construction excavator simulator system by proposing a mathematical model of excavator digging and a calculation methodology. The mathematical model of excavator digging provides physically meaningful soil-bucket interaction information to a simulator. The calculation methodology provides systematic and efficient computation methods to ensure the seamless integration of the excavator digging model with a VR simulator system as well as adequate system speed. As a result, the simulator is realized as an engineering process tool equipped with real-time interactivity. / Ph. D.

本研究では，油圧ショベルの効率の良い自動掘削を目的として，提案した自動掘削アルゴリズムを，個別要素法を用いた土壌モデルと油圧ショベルの動力学モデルを組みわせたシミュレーションモデルによって検証する．さらに，シミュレーションの実機検証を目的として，油圧で駆動する模型を用いて，縮小モデル実験機を構築し，提案した自動掘削アルゴリズムの実機検証実験を行う． / In this study, for the purpose of efficiency automatic digging of hydraulic excavators, the proposed automatic digging algorithm is verified by the simulation model that combines a soil model using the Distinct Element Method and a dynamic model of the hydraulic excavator. Furthermore, for the purpose of verifying by the actual excavator, a scale model experimental machine is constructed using a hydraulically operated model excavator, and the actual machine verification experiments of the proposed automatic digging algorithm are conducted. / 博士(工学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

The aim of this thesis is a design of an additional excavator with side shift for agricultural tractor with power from 50 to 70 kW. The excavator is controlled by a hydraulic circuit. The main element here is an independent pump with a 40l / min supply, which is driven by a gearbox using a cardan shaft. The hydraulic circuit has been designed so that the temperature of the hydraulic fluid does not exceed the allowable limit. An important role is played by the connection to the tractor where was used a modified three-point hitch. This coupling of the tractor with the frame of excavator ensures sufficient rigidity when performing excavation work. When calculating the excavation resistance, was considered the soil of the 4th class, this is hard-to-disconnect soil or clay. The calculation implies that the machine can be used with backhoe buckets up to 500 mm wide. Strength analysis of boom was performed in Ansys Workbench 2019. Safety coefficients were determined for individual components. The overall safety coefficient is equal to 1.7.

No description available.

Tittle: Evaluating the with successfulness of playing actions of an individual in women's volleyball at the Olympic Games in Beijing 2008 Author: Eva Němcová Department: Department of physical training Supervisor: PaedDr. Ladislav Pokorný, Katedra tělesné výchovy Pedagogické fakulty Univerzity Karlovy v Praze, M. D. Rettigové 4, 116 39 Praha 1 Supervisor's e-mail adress: pok.lad@email.cz Abstract: This thesis is intended for interested people from general public, firstly as educational materials for a narrow group of teachers and coaches of volleyball on high schools, sports grammar schools, etc. The thesis includes chapters focused on history, characteristics of particular playing actions of an individual, playing systems, combinations and playing achievements. The research deals with successfulness of playing actions of an individual in women's volleyball at the Olympic Games in Beijing 2008. Keywords: volleyball, playing actions of an individual, spike, serv, block, digging, reception

This thesis begins by providing an account of the ancestral grave relocations of the Sekuruwe community in Limpopo province, South Africa. Sekuruwe claims that the manner in which their graves were relocated disrespected their cultural norms, and infringed their constitutional rights. Over three years of investigation, it was proved that the mine which relocated the graves acted negligently by badly damaging human remains, confusing graves and loosing skeletons. The thesis investigates Sekuruwe‟s case within three theoretical frameworks: Systemic oppression, legal claims to culture, and Ethnicity Incorporated. The role of heritage legislation is highlighted throughout the thesis, and the inadequacies of legislation pointed out with reference to the different theoretical approaches. The aim of the thesis is to understand the way in which Sekuruwe‟s claims of cultural insensitivity are in fact claims of injustice, which are argued through the bodies (and graves, and spirits) of the dead. I aim to understand the way in which these claims of injustice are structured by heritage legislation.