Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:56:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Myrt Thania de Souza Cruz.pdf: 1638665 bytes, checksum: daba94bb90ca2caf5224730795b080fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-12 / The objective of this thesis is to comprehend the process of disarticulation threat and dissolution of communities in the semiarid region of the Chapada Diamatina plateau. A systematic study was made, using as an example an area denominated Cercado, situated on top of the Serra do Cigano, following the horse trail that leads to the San Francisco River. The study seeks to reconstruct the history of the colonization of that region, strongly marked by despotism, materialized through the phenomena of bossing and coerced votes. From the local residents, tales of the fight for existence and life maintenance in that region were retrieved. Eminently verbal, the narratives were based on the memory of those still in the region and others that have left. The social relations reproduction process under the shelter of the merchant world has brought serious consequences to the rural communities of the Chapada Diamantina plateau which live in a mere subsistence agrarian economy, degrading their way of life and not rarely leading to their dissolution. The continual struggle of these people in search of ways to satisfy their needs promotes solidary practices that make viable to live in the semiarid nature, although this does not guarantee the preservation of their ways of life in the face of the transformations generated by modern times. As a consequence of the difficulties imposed by the disarticulation process, the singularity of their life experience makes them active historical agents in their settlement, in working the land, in putting together their tasks and in the resistance to maintain their knowledge about medicinal plants, folklore costumes and their religiousness / Esta tese objetiva compreender o processo de ameaça de desarticulação e dissolução de comunidades do semi-árido da Chapada Diamantina. Foi feito estudo sistemático tomando como exemplo uma localidade denominada Cercado, situada no topo da Serra do Cigano, às margens da trilha cavaleira que dá acesso ao rio São Francisco. O estudo procura reconstruir a história do processo de povoamento da região, fortemente marcado pelo coronelismo materializado através dos fenômenos de mandonismo e voto de cabresto. Junto com seus moradores, recupera narrativas sobre a história da luta pela existência e manutenção da vida no lugar. De cunho eminentemente oral, as narrativas foram viabilizadas a partir da memória dos que lá vivem e também dos que migraram. O processo de reprodução das relações sociais, sob a égide do mundo da mercadoria, tem trazido sérias conseqüências para as comunidades rurais da Chapada Diamantina que vivem numa economia agrária de subsistência, degradando seu modo de vida e, não raro, conduzindo para sua dissolução. A incessante luta das pessoas em busca da satisfação de suas necessidades fornece consagração de práticas solidárias que viabilizam a convivência com a natureza semi-árida, mas não garante a manutenção dos modos de vida face às transformações decorrentes da modernidade. Frente às dificuldades impostas pelo processo de desarticulação, a singularidade de suas vivências os inscreve como agentes históricos ativos na construção de fazeres, no enraizamento e lida com a terra e na resistência pela manutenção dos conhecimentos das plantas medicinais, festejos, costumes e religiosidade

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In South Africa, racial discrimination was witnessed through renowned segregationist acts including the Group Areas Act (No:41) of 1950, which forcibly displaced families from their homes and triggered significant social upheavals and the callous disintegration of long-established communities such as Sophiatown. The removals were a political strategy to relocate so-called “non-white” people from the inner city to townships such as Meadowlands explicitly chosen for their hazardous impure land known as mine dumps (Rodgers 1980:76). These displacements had a paradox of intergenerational homelessness triggered by instrumental racism that influenced politics of space and in effect, the disarticulation of the lives of black South Africans (Milgroom and Ribotc 2019:184). Therefore, it is important to undertake a study investigating the circumstances that gave rise to these forced removals, the subsequent breakdown of social order, a typical consequence of population relocation, which merits an examination of the contemporary implications and ramifications of disarticulation and highlights, in this regard, some significant shortcomings in post-Apartheid governance. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Anthropology)