Ce mémoire a pour objet d’étude le processus de succession dans les entreprises familiales. Pour la collecte de données, nous avons choisi d’utiliser l’entrevue semi-dirigée. Notre corpus d’analyse consiste en une petite entreprise familiale québécoise oeuvrant dans le secteur des services professionnels, qui vit présentement un transfert de la première à la deuxième génération. Au total, nous avons réalisé des entrevues avec cinq personnes : les deux propriétaires-dirigeants actuels qui sont en voie d’être succédés, leur successeure,ainsi que deux employés ayant vécu de près la succession. Nous nous sommes intéressés plus spécifiquement à la dimension communicationnelle du processus de succession, dont nous avons fait la démonstration à l’aide du modèle discursif de l’organisation de Taylor (1993). Cet exercice nous a permis d’observer deux moments clés du processus, soit l’intégration à plein temps du successeur dans l’entreprise, et le moment où le rôle de leader lui est transféré, rejoignant ainsi les conclusions de Longenecker et Schoen (1978). / The object of this research is the succession process in family businesses. The data have been collected using semi-directed interviews. Our sample consists in a small family business from the professional services sector, located in the province of Quebec, that is actually living a generational transition. In all, we did interviews with five persons: the two actual owner-managers that are about to be succeeded, their successor, and two employees that closely lived the succession. We were interested in the communicational dimension of the succession process, which we made the demonstration using the discursive model of organizations from Taylor (1993). Doing so, we observed two key moments of the process: the full-time integration of the successor in the business, and the moment when the leadership role is being transferred to him, tying up with similar findings from Longenecker and Schoen (1978).

Ce mémoire a pour objet d’étude le processus de succession dans les entreprises familiales. Pour la collecte de données, nous avons choisi d’utiliser l’entrevue semi-dirigée. Notre corpus d’analyse consiste en une petite entreprise familiale québécoise oeuvrant dans le secteur des services professionnels, qui vit présentement un transfert de la première à la deuxième génération. Au total, nous avons réalisé des entrevues avec cinq personnes : les deux propriétaires-dirigeants actuels qui sont en voie d’être succédés, leur successeure,ainsi que deux employés ayant vécu de près la succession. Nous nous sommes intéressés plus spécifiquement à la dimension communicationnelle du processus de succession, dont nous avons fait la démonstration à l’aide du modèle discursif de l’organisation de Taylor (1993). Cet exercice nous a permis d’observer deux moments clés du processus, soit l’intégration à plein temps du successeur dans l’entreprise, et le moment où le rôle de leader lui est transféré, rejoignant ainsi les conclusions de Longenecker et Schoen (1978). / The object of this research is the succession process in family businesses. The data have been collected using semi-directed interviews. Our sample consists in a small family business from the professional services sector, located in the province of Quebec, that is actually living a generational transition. In all, we did interviews with five persons: the two actual owner-managers that are about to be succeeded, their successor, and two employees that closely lived the succession. We were interested in the communicational dimension of the succession process, which we made the demonstration using the discursive model of organizations from Taylor (1993). Doing so, we observed two key moments of the process: the full-time integration of the successor in the business, and the moment when the leadership role is being transferred to him, tying up with similar findings from Longenecker and Schoen (1978).

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:51:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 41770.pdf.jpg: 15539 bytes, checksum: 40e2c13bc3a94f293030f2fe5390e8ce (MD5) 41770.pdf: 6082224 bytes, checksum: 9d0a228c5b6332599610aa133a6680f8 (MD5) 41770.pdf.txt: 646981 bytes, checksum: bec54dfdf221df12e42a51a6b743e601 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-19T00:00:00Z / Studies in creative industries represent a rich contribution to the strategy-as-practice approach. As a symbolic-intensive industry, organizations within adopt diffuse strategies that try to conciliate economic and non-economic logics, as these last ones assure their legitimacy and survival in the field. The symbolic field, however, is volatile and its control by organizations is virtually impossible. This is why organization try, in one hand, to interpret their ambient and, on the other hand, to influence it through their strategies. Thus, in this type of industry, a sociological approach in strategy seems more adequate to understand actions by agents within this field as a whole, not only, on its instrumental aspects. This dissertation investigates discourses and practices embedded in the social context of the Brazilian book publishing industry, through a longitudinal study of secondary data which adopts an altered version for strategy of the discursive model of institutionalization as a structure of analysis. The main objective of this research is to understand how discourses and practices articulate in a field where legitimacy rules follow an anti-economic logic and where economic results are not always the organizations’ only objective. This work assumes a concept f strategic orientation that is described as a predisposition of a certain organization to adopt one or other strategy, revealed through its organization discourses and practice that are indicative of a reflexive interpretation of its environmental context. Content analysis was the methodology of choice to interpret Brazilian book publishers’ environmental context, in its institutional and technical aspects, and its strategic orientations, revealed through texts and actions presented in clipping news collected at publishnews.com.br for three years. In face of the analyses conducted, the following results were achieved. Firstly, discourses and practices effectively allowed description of both environmental context and strategic orientations in this industry. From a theoretical perspective, it was confirmed that discourses are an integral part of publishers’ strategic orientations, always articulating with practices. Even though dissonance between them was seemingly apparent, it revealed itself dissimulated when in context. The more symbolic are the desired results, the more relevant and more present are discourses as part of strategy. In this industry, strategic orientations dialogue more with the institutional that with the technical environmental since it is within institutional contexts that organizations can acquire market differentiation through by-products such as legitimation, mystification and consecration. Publishers also strategically orient themselves more intensively towards gatekeepers than toward and consumers. Gatekeepers, as main producers of by-products, allow chosen publishers to attract the rarest resources (authors and human resources), which are fundamental for surviving in a symbolic-intensive industry. From a practical sense, the use of this framework showed that strategic dichotomy between small and large publishers is a simplistic way of seeing strategic groups, ignoring fundamental choices that escape economic logic. Analyses also brought up that elements of an archaic vision of capitalism are very much still present in Brazilian market, embedded in the strategic orientations of a large number of publishers, in examples such as an excessive demand for federal government responsibility in developing the market, and texts overmystifying and overemphasizing the importance of the book universe. Publishers whose orientations presented themselves as opposite to that view achieved success in developing new markets. Finally, this dissertation would place under serious doubts available economic data on this industry, frequently uses to justify public investment and demands, but that do not hold itself up under the realities here exposed. / O estudo das indústrias de criação representam uma rica contribuição para a abordagem da estratégia como prática. Por se tratar de um ramo industrial simbólico-intensivo, as organizações nele inseridas adotam estratégias difusas que buscam conciliar lógicas tanto econômicas quanto não-econômicas, pois estas últimas são aquelas que garantem sua legitimidade e sobrevivência no campo. O universo simbólico, por sua vez, é volátil e cujo controle, por parte das organizações, é virtualmente impossível. Neste tipo de indústria, a abordagem sociológica em estratégia parece mais adequada para se compreender as ações dos agentes do campo organizacional em seu todo, não somente em seus aspectos instrumentais. Esta dissertação aborda os discursos e práticas imersos no contexto social do ramo editorial, por meio de um estudo longitudinal de dados secundários que adota uma versão adaptada para a estratégia do modelo discursivo de institucionalização como estrutura de análise. O objetivo principal da pesquisa era compreender como se articulam discursos e práticas num campo onde as regras de legitimação seguem uma lógica anti-econômica e onde os resultados econômicos nem sempre são o objetivo único das organizações. Adotou-se o conceito de orientação estratégica como a predisposição de uma organização para adotar uma ou outra estratégia, revelada por meio dos discursos e práticas organizacionais indicativos da interpretação reflexiva dada pelas organizações a seu contexto ambiental. Com base em dados coletados durante cerca de 3 anos pelo site de clipping de notícias do setor editorial Publishnews, foi utilizada uma metodologia de análise de conteúdo para interpretar o contexto ambiental, em suas facetas institucional e técnica, e as orientações estratégicas das editoras brasileiras, reveladas a partir dos textos e ações públicas presentes nas notícias. Em face das análises realizadas, constataram-se os resultados a seguir. Primeiramente, foi possível a descrição tanto do contexto ambiental como das orientações estratégicas por meio dos discursos e práticas. Do ponto de vista teórico, confirmou-se que os discursos são parte integral das orientações estratégicas das editoras, se articulando com as práticas, mesmo com aparentes dissonâncias entre elas, que se mostraram na verdade dissimuladas. Os discursos, como parte da estratégia, se apresentavam mais relevantes e mais utilizados quanto mais simbólicos fossem os objetivos a serem alcançados. Também se comprovou que, neste tipo de ramo, as orientações estratégicas dialogam mais com o ambiente institucional do que com o ambiente técnico, pois é no primeiro que podem ser obtidas as diferenciações de mercado, por meio de sub-produtos como legitimidade, mistificação ou consagração. As editoras também se orientam estrategicamente com mais intensidade sobre os chamados gatekeepers do que sobre seu mercado consumidor final, pois os primeiros é que garantem, ao gerar sub-produtos, a atração dos recursos mais raros (autores e recursos humanos), fundamentais para a sobrevivência num ramo simbólico-intensivo. Do ponto de vista prático, o uso da ferramenta metodológica proposta revelou que a dicotomia estratégica entre pequenas e grandes editoras é uma forma simplista de ver grupos estratégicos, ignorando estratagemas fundamentais que fogem à lógica econômica. A análise também mostrou traços de uma visão capitalista arcaica dominante no mercado nacional, arraigada em boa parte das editoras, ressaltada pelo excesso de demandas e delegação de responsabilidades ao Governo Federal, e da mistificação e valorização excessiva do universo livreiro. Editoras cujas orientações se mostravam opostas a estas obtiveram sucesso em criar novos mercados. Finalmente a dissertação coloca em dúvida os dados econômicos disponíveis sobre o mercado, freqüentemente usados como justificativa para políticas e demandas públicas, mas que parecem não se sustentar de forma alguma na realidade.