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81	Learning How to Be Ukrainian: Ukrainian Schools in Toronto and the Formation of Identity, 1947-2009 Baczynskyj , Anastasia 11 December 2009 (has links) This thesis follows the development of the Ukrainian identity in Toronto since World War II. It explores the formation of collective memory by the Third Wave of Ukrainian immigration who arrived in Toronto in the early 1950s and the crystallization of a particular Ukrainian identity within this community. In particular, it looks at the role of the Ukrainian schooling system as an important institution shaping the community’s understanding of Ukrainian identity. It also discusses the challenges to that identity since the arrival of the Fourth Wave of Ukrainian immigration which began in 1991. It charts the intra-group tensions which arose in the community due to different understandings of what it means to be Ukrainian and describes how competing Ukrainian identities found within the Fourth Wave of immigration have shifted the dynamic in the Ukrainian community, explaining low involvement of Fourth Wave members within community institutions such as the Ukrainian school. Ukrainian School Ethnic Schooling Identity Ethnicity Toronto Ukrainian Immigration to Canada Ukrainian Diaspora Religion and Schooling Ukrainian Orthodoxy Greek Catholic Displaced Persons Soviet Union intra-ethnic tension Third Wave Fourth Wave Ukrainians Ukrainian Canadians Canadian Ukrainians Ukrainian Organizations in Toronto Regionalism in Ukraine World War II USSR Ukrainian Catholic Ukrainian School Board Toronto Collective Memory Ukrainian Canadian History Conflicting Identities Conflicting Naratives of History 0631 0724 0334 0385 0282 0520 0527 0340 0679
82	The impact of the Boko Haram terrorist group on the socio‐economic well‐being and livelihood of the population in North‐Eastern Nigeria Ebi, Lawrence Eka 07 1900 (has links) Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-136) / The study focuses on the impact of the Boko Haram Muslim terrorist group on the socioeconomic well‐being and livelihood of the population in the north‐east of Nigeria. To research the social, economic, religious and political impact of attacks leading to the disruption of people in the north‐east who fled their homes for the safety of southern refugee camps, the study relies on three research questions to be answered, namely: Does the Boko Haram terrorist group pose a threat to the socio‐economic well‐being of people in north‐eastern Nigeria? How have Boko Haram terrorist attacks impacted on the livelihood of the population? What is a viable solution or intervention strategy to deal with the impact of and fight against terrorism in Nigeria in particular? The study adopts an in‐depth qualitative methodology. Different related research techniques are used in data collection and analysis. Focus group discussions, in‐depth interviews and documentary sources have different complementary strengths, which are more comprehensive when used together. Questionnaires will guide the discussions with groups of internally displaced people, who are the units of analysis. Data is gathered through snowball sampling of willing, available respondents to understand and explain their personal views and experiences, creating the meanings they have constructed around their disrupted livelihoods and well‐being in refugee camps. An overarching, broad conflict perspective is chosen, related to Dahrendorf’s views on power struggles of dominant interest groups, authority, inequality and marginalisation of opponents, which also includes complementary concepts of religiously inspired fundamentalist theory focusing on indoctrination, dominance, manipulation and marginalisation of interest groups. This broad conflict perspective will investigate the social, economic, political and religious impacts of Boko Haram in Nigeria. The findings indicate that the Boko Haram attacks had a negative effect on the livelihood of citizens and displaced persons in refugee camps, as well as on the social cohesion and development of the north‐eastern Nigerian state. Conflict resolution and intervention strategies will be implemented to curb the violence. Societal transformation is recommended for infrastructural development and job creation to solve poverty and gainfully cater for educated, unemployed youths, now recruited into the ranks of the Boko Haram Muslim sect. / Sociology / M.A. (Sociology) Terrorist group Boko Haram Conflict perspective Internally displaced persons Refugee camps Questionnaires In-depth discussions Focus group discussions 363.3250966994 Terrorism -- Nigeria, Eastern Refugee camps -- Nigeria, Eastern Boko Haram

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Learning How to Be Ukrainian: Ukrainian Schools in Toronto and the Formation of Identity, 1947-2009

The impact of the Boko Haram terrorist group on the socio‐economic well‐being and livelihood of the population in North‐Eastern Nigeria