No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

<p>The participation of African countries in the Dispute Settlement System (DSS) of the Worlt Trade Organisation ( WTO) is insignificant. This research seeks to find a suitable model/mechanism which meets the particular needs of developing countries. The practical aim of this reseach was to enhance active participation of various stakeholders in developing countries who may be adversely affected or who face potential damage by unfair trade pracices of other players in the brutal and complex battleground of world trade. Thus the research seeks to suggest a suitable legal framework which can be utilised by stakeholders in African countries as part of the process of trade dispute initiation when their interests are threatened or adversely affected.</p>

The present study aimed to explore whether demographic variables are predictors of labour review case outcomes. In order to investigate the aim of the present study, two research questions were put forward. The first question centered on whether demographic variables of the parties in a case, are predictors of reviews outcomes. In addition to looking at these broader patterns, the study also focused more specifically on whether the demographic variables of presiding officers predict the outcomes of reviews of CCMA cases. The present study is classified as archival in nature and is quantitative, non-experimental and an ex post facto design. The sample for the present research was gathered by analysing Labour Review Reports that was accessed through the University of the Witwatersrand Library. A sample of 100 case reports was gathered in order to make accurate inferences from the sample about the target population. A Chi-Square test of association was conducted on the data gathered. There was no significant in relation to gender, age and case outcomes. On the other hand, race of the judge, applicant and respondent did provide evidence of significance. However, as a result of insignificance, log linear modelling could not be conducted.

Toward the end of 1999 and during the early part of 2000, the commercial construction sector in the Auckland area of New Zealand was affected as a result of liquidations of a number of major commercial construction companies. The aim of the research is to investigate the employment of building contracts, their administration, and into the incidence, nature and resolution of disputes executed during the calendar years of 1999 and 2000. This research was undertaken by surveying 100 commercial and 60 residential projects undertaken in the Auckland region of New Zealand to determine if the problems being experienced by the commercial contractors who were liquidated was incidental and limited to the commercial sector. Projects surveyed ranged in value between NZ$10,000 and NZ$700,000 for residential projects and between NZ$150,000 and NZ$99,000,000 for commercial projects. The literature review identifies, analyses and discusses: (i) To what extent are 'standard' forms of building contracts used by the construction industry including who was responsible for the drafting of those contracts? (ii) What provision was made in these building contracts for the resolution of disputes? (iii) Who was responsible for the independent administration of those building contracts? (iv) What was the incidence of disputes that resulted as a consequence of the usage of these building contracts and what was the nature of the disputes and how were they resolved? and (v) Would the construction industry in New Zealand benefit from legislation that would require that an independent third party be engaged for the administration of the building contract? Gaps in the literature of all areas of the research were identified. The following hypothesis was promoted: The incidence of disputes is reduced in building contracts that are administered by an independent third party for both commercial and residential sectors of the construction industry in New Zealand. A statistical analysis of the data collected was used to test the hypothesis as well as to determine whether the appointment of a third party to administer a contract between the client and contractor was of direct benefit and assisted in the avoidance or resolution of disputes. The results provided support for the hypothesis in both the commercial and residential sectors of the construction industry. Additionally, there was also qualitative endorsement for the propositions. The surveys provided evidence about the attitude adopted by those involved in the particular sectors to the independent administration of building contracts. 79% of the building contracts surveyed in the commercial projects were independently administered compared to 42% in the residential sector. The data was also used to provide positive test results for a proposition known as the 'principle of remotivity' which states that: 'the further the architect (or designer) is from the independent administration of a building contract during its execution, the more likely it is that disputes will arise'. The research confirmed that the culture of the construction industry in New Zealand; the legislation used to control the industry; and the decisions of local judiciaries in construction related matters are different to those adopted in Australia and the United Kingdom. These variations are not recognised by persons connected to and detached from the construction industry. The dissertation concludes by making 19 (nineteen) suggestions and recommendations. The research was limited to projects undertaken in Auckland, New Zealand and replication of the study would provide a broader understanding of this area of inquiry and further data to qualify the 'principle of remotivity'.

Thesis (M.P.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

<p>The participation of African countries in the Dispute Settlement System (DSS) of the Worlt Trade Organisation ( WTO) is insignificant. This research seeks to find a suitable model/mechanism which meets the particular needs of developing countries. The practical aim of this reseach was to enhance active participation of various stakeholders in developing countries who may be adversely affected or who face potential damage by unfair trade pracices of other players in the brutal and complex battleground of world trade. Thus the research seeks to suggest a suitable legal framework which can be utilised by stakeholders in African countries as part of the process of trade dispute initiation when their interests are threatened or adversely affected.</p>

Thesis (M.A.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2008. / "Master of Arts in arbitration and dispute resolution." Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on June 1, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.