The present study aimed to explore whether demographic variables are predictors of labour review case outcomes. In order to investigate the aim of the present study, two research questions were put forward. The first question centered on whether demographic variables of the parties in a case, are predictors of reviews outcomes. In addition to looking at these broader patterns, the study also focused more specifically on whether the demographic variables of presiding officers predict the outcomes of reviews of CCMA cases. The present study is classified as archival in nature and is quantitative, non-experimental and an ex post facto design. The sample for the present research was gathered by analysing Labour Review Reports that was accessed through the University of the Witwatersrand Library. A sample of 100 case reports was gathered in order to make accurate inferences from the sample about the target population. A Chi-Square test of association was conducted on the data gathered. There was no significant in relation to gender, age and case outcomes. On the other hand, race of the judge, applicant and respondent did provide evidence of significance. However, as a result of insignificance, log linear modelling could not be conducted.

This study investigates the importance of demographic variables and the influence of teachers on the reading literacy performance of Canadian 15-year-olds in a multi-level analysis of the national population as well as its highest and lowest quartiles. A large-scale representative dataset was chosen for these purposes. Multi-level modeling was completed using Hierarchical Linear Modeling (v. 6.08) quantifying the variance present at the student- and school-levels as well as identifying statistically significant correlates for each of the three models examined. Results were consistent with prior research while the use of a quartile-split accessed subpopulations based on achievement that are otherwise not closely examined by national averages. Students’ gender and schools’ SES appear to be the most influential individual factors of those examined, while the positive influence of teachers is a conclusion to be gleaned from this research. / Graduate / 0535 / 0533 / theshawnwthomas@gmail.com

Tidigare forskning har pekat på samband mellan självkänsla och självupplevd stress vid akademiska studier. Hög självkänsla har varit en skyddsfaktor mot stress och medfört ett psykologiskt välbefinnande hos studenter. Det har dock förekommit både kulturella och demografiska skillnader gällande självkänsla och stress. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka svenska högskolestuderandes demografiska variabler kön, ålder, civilstatus, arbete och barn samt globala självkänsla i relation till upplevd stress. Deltagarna i studien var 111 högskolestudenter vid 2 högskolor i Mellansverige, varav 74 kvinnor. En kvantitativ undersökning genomfördes, där självkänsla och självupplevd stress undersöktes. Rosenbergs Self-Esteem Scale och The Perceived Stress Scale användes som mätinstrument i undersökningen. Resultatet visade på svaga och icke signifikanta samband mellan demografiska variabler och upplevd stress. Resultatet visade ett signifikant negativt samband mellan självkänsla och upplevd stress, men även mellan samtliga prediktorer och upplevd stress. Den enda variabeln av relevans för att undvika stress, visade sig vara självkänslan.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs in a sample of 12-year-old South African school children using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), and to assess the relationship between malocclusion and certain socio-demographic variables. The sample comprised 6142, 12-year-old children attending school in seven of the nine provinces of South Africa. For each subject the standard demographic information such as gender, population group, location type and employment status of the parents were collected, after which an intra-oral examination for occlusal status using the DAI was performed. The results showed that 47.7 per cent of the children in the sample presented with good occlusion or minor malocclusion, just over 52.1 per cent presented with identifiable malocclusion, a DAI score larger than 26. Of these, 21.2 per cent had definite malocclusion, 14.12 per cent had severe malocclusion and 16.89 per cent had very severe or handicapping malocclusion. Malocclusion as defined in this study was found to be significantly associated with the different provinces, the different population groups in South Africa, gender and dentition stage, but not with the location type or the employment status of parents. The results of the individual variables showed that anterior maxillary and mandibular irregularity occurred in more than 50 per cent of the sample. More than 40 per cent of the children examined showed signs of crowding. Spacing in the incisal segments occurred in almost 28 per cent of the sample and maxillary midline diastema was present in 16.66 per cent of the sample. At the age of 12 years, Black children, showed a higher prevalence of maxillary midline diastema, larger than 2mm, than their White, Coloured and Asian counterparts. A maxillary midline diastema, larger than 2mm, was more prevalent in 12-year-old females than in males. Thirty one per cent of the sample had an increased overjet larger than 3mm and a severe overjet of 6mm or more occurred in only 2.18 per cent of the sample. More Black 12-year-old children presented with an edge-to-edge anterior relationship and significantly less Black children had an increased overjet. Mandibular overjet affected only 10.43 per cent of the sample and was more prevalent in the late mixed dentition stage than in the early permanent dentition stage. Anterior openbite occurred in 7.7 per cent of the sample and ranged from 1mm to 8mm. Almost 44 per cent of the sample had a antero-posterior molar relation discrepancy. The results of this study indicated a high prevalence of malocclusion in 12-year-old South African children. The findings provide reliable base-line data regarding the prevalence, distribution and severity of malocclusion as well as useful epidemiological data on the orthodontic treatment needs of 12-year-old children in selected rural and urban areas in South Africa. The inclusion of occlusal traits as part of the index provided an opportunity to assess several occlusal characteristics in 12-year-old South African children, separately. / Thesis (MChD (Orthodontics))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Orthodontics / unrestricted

Abstract Through various marketing activities to building brand image is the key to exist for auto firms. The goal of this study is to analyze the influences of demographic variables both on the consumer condition of brand marketing activities and consumers¡¦ buying behaviors. The influence of brand marketing activities on consumers¡¦ buying behaviors is also discussed. It has been found that different demographic variables indeed produce cognitive attitude for the ¡§advertisement notice¡¨, ¡¨brand meaning¡¨, and ¡§brand repute¡¨. Two factors, i.e., ¡§present design¡¨ and ¡§brand meaning¡¨ have positive and significant influences on autos¡¦ core value and economic value. However, ¡§advertisement notice¡¨ has negative influences on autos¡¦ core value and economic value. Finally, some suggestions for auto firms are proposed to future developments. Keywords: Brand marketing, Consumer behavior, EKB Model, Demographic variables

Due to the two wheelers business in domestic market are turning to be competitiveness and saturation, how to maintain their original market shares would be the top priority topics of marketing from two wheelers manufacturer. Two wheelers product has many features such as mobility, rapidity, convenience, economy, and easy parking¡Ketc, it¡¦s good for short distance commuter. That¡¦s why motorcycle/ Scooter products become very popular and general as personal commuting vehicle among the adolescent consumers. In order to be appealed by them, two wheelers manufacturer will build their Brand Marketing Strategies which are the key to influence the adolescent consumers and their consuming behaviors. Therefore, it becomes very important issue to find out the influential factors of consuming behavior among the adolescent consumers when two wheelers manufacturer try to build their own Brand Marketing Strategies. This study intends to take advantage of motorcycle industry as an example, aims at the perception of the adolescent consumers on Brand Marketing Strategies to find out the influential factors of consuming behavior among the adolescent consumers. The survey respondent on this study must be qualified between the ages over 16 and below 24 with identity of school student as studying target. The main purpose of this study would be as follows: (1)Take a full scope on development of current motorcycle industry. (2)Realize the perception among the adolescent consumers on brand marketing of motorcycle. (3)According to the perception of motorcycle brand marketing among the adolescent consumers, what is their influential issue when they decide to purchase a motorcycle? The conclusions of this study would be as follows: (1)The brand marketing strategies from two wheelers manufacturer will influence their purchasing decision of motorcycle among the adolescent consumers. (2)Consumer Behavior won¡¦t be affected by different demographic variables. (3)Strategy of brand marketing will be affected by different demographic variables.

Previous research on investor preferences focused mainly on the relationship between socio-demographic variables and risk tolerance. This study extends the research in this area by focusing on three aspects of investor preferences: risk tolerance, time horizon, and estate intentions. The objective is to provide a more comprehensive model of investor preferences, including both psychological and attitudinal variables. This study addresses the following: Are socio-demographic variables sufficient to predict investor preferences? Is there a difference between males and females? How much additional variance is explained by including political ideology, positive psychology attitudes, and pro-social attitudes? Are these attitudinal variables simply additive or are they interactive? Data were collected from MBA students and senior undergraduate students in a major research university in South Florida. A scale was developed to measure estate intentions, a construct that has never been examined in management studies. The findings supported the expectation that psychological variables would be positively correlated with the dependent variables. However, I expected that pro-social attitudes would be a moderator variable, and this expectation was not realized. This dissertation contributes to the investor preferences field in several ways. First, it demonstrates the importance of psychological and attitudinal variables in explaining investor preferences. I also found differences between males and females regarding risk tolerance. This study can provide financial advisers with a deeper understanding of the importance of psychological and attitudinal variables in determining investor behavior. Finally, the results of this study augment and expand stakeholder theory. This study brings the investor into the stakeholder model, enhancing the descriptive, explanatory, and predictive capabilities of stakeholder theory. Future research could replicate this study using real investors in different locations for cultural variation, or using a panel of respondents for a longitudinal study.

The increased competition among charity sport events (CSEs) require charity organizations to utilize more sophisticated marketing programs - segmenting and targeting diverse participants more effectively. The study examines the effectiveness of demographic, psychographic, behavioral segmentation variables. In-depths interviews with 14 participants were conducted to obtain profiles of the four segments of survivor-centered teams, family and friends, company-sponsored teams, and other organization teams. The distinct profile of each segment had a combination of psychological, behavioral and demographic characteristics. Participation mode was identified as a proxy segmentation variable that can be easily obtained by event organizers at the time of participant registration Management of participant segments was discussed. / text

The problem with which this study is concerned was that of examining the relationship between academic achievement of college freshmen students and selected demographic variables. The purpose was to compare the grade point average of selected freshmen at North Texas State University and determine if geographic location, high school size, gender, racial heritage and college admission test scores affect academic achievement during the first year of college.

Studien undersökte hur de tre demografiska variablerna kön, ålder och civilstatus samt de fem grundläggande personlighetsdimensionerna extraversion, vänlighet, samvetsgrannhet, neuroticism och öppenhet  relaterar till spel om pengar samt att börja spela i tidig ålder. Detta gjordes utifrån fem frågeställningar. 163 personer besvarade en enkät. Materialet undersöktes genom att utföra Pearson korrelationskofficienter samt t-test. Slutsatserna som drogs i studien var att män spelar mer samt börjar spela tidigare än kvinnor. Personligheten har ej någon påverkan på spel om pengar. Däremot fungerar samvetsgrannhet som en skyddsfaktor mot att börja spela om pengar i tidig ålder. Det noterades även att spel om pengar i tidig ålder är en riskfaktor för att utveckla ett problematiskt spelande. Studien påvisade en skillnad i personlighetsdimensionerna, där kvinnor har högre grad av neuroticism än män.  Slutligen noterades det att 7% av respondenterna i studien har ett problematiska spelande, vilket är i linje med tidigare forskning.