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'n Kultuurhistoriese ontleding van pikturale humor, met besondere verwysing na die werk van T.O. HoniballVerster, F. P. (Francois Philippus) 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There are vanous definitions of the concept humour, each depending on the perception
thereof. Such perceptions are influenced by shared experiences, culture, milieu and individual
creativity.
Pictorial humour is divided into various sub genres such as the caricature, cartoon and comic
strip. Each one of these sub genres portrays an individual process of development, both locally
and globally. The work of TO Honiball forms part of this tradition. His artistic personality and
sense of humour is unmistakably portrayed in his creative work.
Honiball became famous as a political cartoonist and played an important role in the rise of
the National Party, seeing that his association with the Nasionale Pers provided him with a
forum as opinion-former. It is said that his comic strips Oom Kaspaas, Jakkals en Wolf and
Adoons-hulle influenced different age groups and even people who were not Afrikaners. It
was however mainly Afrikaans-speaking people who strongly identified with these strips due
to the strong Afrikaans character thereof.
Various instances own Honniballiana, where it is being preserved and is available for research
purposes. A number of marketing initiatives were launched to promote the work of Honiball,
mainly by TO Honiball-Promosies. Despite the fact that much of his work is dated, new
interest is generated by utilising his work in educational programmes.
Honiball's body of work is a source for culture-historical research seeing that it offers
references to the tangible and intangible culture of Afrikaans-speaking South Africans during
his lifetime. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Etlike definisies bestaan van die begrip humor, afhangend van die persepsie daarvan. Sodanige
persepsies word beïnvloed deur onder andere gedeelde ondervindings, kultuur, milieu en
individuele kreatiwiteit.
Pikturale humor word onderverdeel in verskillende sub-genres, soos die karikatuur, spotprent
en strokie. Hierdie sub-genres toon elk 'n afsonderlike ontwikkelingsgang, plaaslik en globaal.
Die werk van TO Honiball vorm deel van dié tradisie. Sy kunstenaarspersoonlikheid en
humorsin word eweneens onmiskenbaar verbeeld in sy skeppings.
Honiball het bekendheid verwerf as politieke spotprenttekenaar en het 'n belangrike rol
gespeel in die opgang van die Nasionale Party, omdat sy verbintenis met die Nasionale Pers
aan hom 'n forum gebied het om as meningsvormer op te tree. Daar word beweer dat sy
strokiesreekse Oom Kaspaas, Jakkals en Wolf en Adoons-hulle verskillende ouderdomsgroepe
en selfs mense van ander volksgroepe as die Afrikaner bereik het. As gevolg van die eg-
Afrikaansheid daarvan het egter hoofsaaklik Afrikaanssprekendes sterk aanklank daarby
gevind.
Verskillende instansies is in besit van Honiballiana, waar dit bewaar word en beskikbaar is vir
navorsingsdoeleindes. 'n Aantal bemarkingsinisiatiewe is geloods om Honiball se werk te
promoveer, hoofsaaklik deur TO Honiball-Promosies. Ten spyte van die feit dat talle
voorbeelde van sy werk gedateer is, word nuwe belangstelling gegenereer deur middel van die
aanwending van sy werk in opvoedkundige programme.
Honiball se oeuvre bied bronne vir kultuurhistoriese navorsing aangesien dit verwysings bied
na die geestelike en stoflike kultuur van Afrikaanssprekendes gedurende sy leeftyd.
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Onderwys aan die Kaap onder die Kompanjie, 1652 - 1795 : 'n kultuur-historiese studieDu Toit, Petrus Stephanus 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (DPhil) -- Stellenbosch University, 1936. / VOORWOORD: Verskillende skrywers het verskillende interpretasies gegee van
wat die eintlike onderwerp van die Geskiedenis van die Onderwys
uitmaak. So is nog tot onlangs die beskouing gehuldig dat dit die
geskiedenis van groot opvoedkundiges, hulle lewe en werke, moet
weergee. Met dit as uitgangspunt is egter nie 'n goeie insig in sake
te verkry nie en is die voorstelling noodwendig eensydig. Vir die
opvatting dat dit 'n geskiedenis van pedagogiese stelsels is, is
miskien meer te se. As hierdie stelsels egter op hulself bly staan en
hulle samehang met allerhande ander faktore, met filosofie en
godsdiens, met die hele strewe en lewe van die mensheid of ten
minste van 'n groot groep van mense, nie gesien word nie, bring
dit egter ook nie perspektief nie. Die Geskiedenis van die Onderwys
moet dus meer gesien word as 'n uiteensetting van pedagogiese
denke en doen as 'n deel van 'n groot organiese geheel: die algemene
kultuurgeskiedenis van die mensheid.
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Die argitektuur van die Paarl tussen die twee wereldoorloe : 'n kultuurhistoriese ondersoekAlbertyn, Elizabeth 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (DPhil. (History))--University of Stellenbosch, 1992. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The erection of buildings in Paarl during the period between the two world wars was influenced by several important socio-economical and cultural circumstances. These events changed the built-up environment of Paarl dramatically. This period can be seen as a change from a traditionial to a modern way of living and this phenomena is clearly imposed on the buildings erected during this period. Some of the important happenings that changed the lives of all Paarlites in those years and influenced their building works, was the influenza epidemic of 1918, the worldwide depression of 1929 which lasted until 1932, the peak and the pining of the wagonbuilding industry, the introduction of the motor car, electricity, motion pictures and technological development in general. This technological progress, especially the introduction of the motor car, brought about the erection of new types of buildings like service stations, show rooms and private garages for these vehicles all over Paarl. Roads were tarred and improved and electrical street lighting was introduced. On 29 November 1924 all the documents and building plans housed in the then existing town hall were destroyed by fire. Further developments that influenced living in Paarl was the establishment of the KWV in 1918, SASKO in 1935, the erection of a new hospital, town hall, post office, schools and the establishment of several other fruit and wine related industries. The granite industry flourished during this period. For the first time Paarl had its own local architects, draughtsmen and builders. Several important architects from Cape Town and elsewhere executed buildings in the town. According to existing records at the Paarl Municipality no less than 34 different architects or partnerships, draughtsmen and builders were responsible for the execution of building plans handed in at the Municipality between 1926 and 1939. Before the period in question Paarl streets were never formally laid out and for the first time large townships were planned from scratch. A wide spectrum of structures ranging from alterations to existing buildings, verandahs, garages, swimming pools, shops, offices, schools, churches and public buildings were erected in Paarl during this period. / Raad vir Geesteswetenskaplike Navorsing
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Wartime propaganda in the Union of South Africa, 1939 - 1945Monama, Fankie Lucas 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: After the First World War (1914-1918) – the first “total war” in modern history, where whole
populations, not just military forces, became participants in the war effort, the potential
power of propaganda was realised, through the exploitation of mass communication media to
manipulate public opinion. Alongside politico-diplomatic, economic and military
manoeuvres, governments needed to mobilise the minds of their population to secure support,
to mobilise them behind the war policy and to avoid discontent and dissension. This was
particularly crucial to South Africa during the Second World War (1939-1945), especially as
the country was threatened by deeply ingrained political tensions and internal divisions. The
wartime Union, under General Jan Smuts, experienced an escalation of political extremism
and militancy from radical sections of white Afrikaner nationalists who opposed the
government’s war policy. Furthermore, some elements within even the Union Defence Force
(UDF) displayed disloyal tendencies which threatened the morale of the armed forces. Thus,
in response, the government waged a massive propaganda campaign during the war aimed at
stimulating recruitment, at preserving national morale, at combating anti-war resistance and
at minimising disruptions to the implementation of its war policy. To this end, the authorities exploited information avenues such as radio broadcasts, the press,
films, mobile recruiting tours and military demonstrations for publicity and propaganda
purposes. As propaganda delivery channels, radio, the press and films were potentially
powerful. However, the strategy pursued by the authorities failed to maximise their full
impact. The government also did not enjoy a media monopoly for the conduct of its war
propaganda. The SABC continued operating independently and its airtime was not handed
over to the authorities. Similarly, while the government relied on the support of sympathetic
newspaper editors for its propaganda campaign, newspapers themselves sometimes ignored
censorship regulations and published material which was unhelpful to the national war effort.
Meanwhile, the opposition press also contested the propaganda terrain by waging anti-war
campaigns. Films were the weakest link due to limited government control, production
obstacles and an English language dominance which alienated the majority of white
Afrikaans speakers. Another problem was persistent rivalry among various official and semiofficial
propaganda agencies and a lack of clarity over a common propaganda policy. When it came to recruitment, government propaganda achieved particularly limited success.
Despite patriotic appeals for volunteer enlistment, the shortage of manpower remained a
persistent problem throughout the war. Alongside this, social and economic problems such as
food and housing shortages also had a negative impact on public morale. The positive reach
of propaganda efforts within the military, especially education, information and social
welfare services, was also limited in that they were unable to dispel dissatisfaction resulting
from poor service conditions, military policies, and the growing influence of war weariness.
Towards the end of hostilities, there was a perceptible decline in troop discipline and morale.
In general, therefore, the Union government’s overall war publicity and propaganda effort
failed to produce a solid sense of national war cohesion or war unity. Although the country
remained stable and was able to sustain war participation, it could not be said that South
Africa’s leadership was able to persuade inhabitants – whether white or black - to participate
in the Second World War as a war to be embraced as a people’s war. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Eerste Wêreldoorlog (1914-1918), die eerste “totale oorlog” in kontemporêre geskiedenis
waartydens nie net militêre magte nie, maar hele gemeenskappe by die oorlogspoging betrek
is, het die potensiaal van propaganda om die openbare mening met behulp van die
massamedia te manipuleer, tuisgebring. Naas polities-diplomatiese, ekonomiese en militêre
maneuvrering, moes regerings ook die gesindheid van die bevolking beïnvloed om hulle agter
die oorlogspoging te skaar en twis en tweedrag te vermy. Gesindheidsbeïnvloeding was vir
die Unieregering van kardinale belang gedurende die Tweede Wêreldoorlog (1939-1945),
aangesien Suid-Afrika onder diepgaande politieke verdeeldheid en interne spanning oor die
oorlogskwessie gebuk gegaan het. Die Smuts-bewind het hewige politieke druk en militante
weerstand ervaar van Afrikanernasionaliste wat teen die regering se oorlogsbeleid gekant
was. Ontevrede elemente in die Unieverdedigingsmag (UVM) het insgelyks dislojale
neigings openbaar, wat die moraal van die gewapende magte ondermyn het. Die regering het
gevolglik gedurende die oorlog ’n omvattende propagandaveldtog van stapel gestuur om
weerstand teen sy oorlogspoging te beveg, ontwrigting in die implementering van die
oorlogsbeleid tot ’n minimum te beperk, die werwing van soldate te bevorder en die
nasionale moraal hoog te hou. Die Smuts-regering het ’n verskeidenheid van instrumente, waaronder radio-uitsendings, die
gedrukte media, rolprente, mobiele werwingsveldtogte en miltêre demonstrasies, vir hul
reklame- en propagandaveldtogte ingespan. Die regering se propagandastrategieë het egter
nie dié kragtige instrumente optimaal uitgebuit om maksimum trefkrag te verseker nie.
Daarby het die regering ook nie ’n monopolie oor alle mediaplatvorms vir geniet om hul
propagandaveldtogte te bedryf nie. Die SAUK het onafhanklik gefunksioneer en min lugtyd
aan die regering afgestaan om radio-uitsendings vir publisiteit en propagande te benut. Die
regering het voorts sterk op koerantredakteurs gesteun om hul propagandaveldtog te
bevorder, maar redakteurs het soms sensuurregulasies geïgnoreer en artikels geplaas wat
regeringsbeleid ondermyn het. Die opposisiepers het uiteraard ook die regeringspropaganda
met anti-oorlogpropaganda beveg. Rolprente was die swakste skakel in die regering se
reklame- en propagandastelsels vanweë hul swak beheer daaroor, ’n gebrek aan tegniese
vaardigheid, die hoë koste van rolprentproduksies, asook die oorheersing van die bedryf deur
die Engelse taal, wat die meerderheid Afrikaanssprekendes die harnas ingejaag het. ’n Verdere probleem was die voortdurende wedywering tussen die verskillende amptelike en
halfamptelike propaganda-agentskappe. Dit was veral die gebrek aan ’n duidelike
propaganda-beleid wat tot oorvleueling en mededinging gelei het.
Wat werwingspropaganda betref, het die regering beperkte sukses behaal. Naas ’n beroep op
pligsbesef, eer en glorie, het die regering oor geen hefkrag beskik om werwing te bevorder
nie. ’n Gebrek aan mannekrag het derhalwe die UVM dwarsdeur die oorlog gekortwiek in
weerwil van die regering se omvattende reklame- en propagandaprogramme. Teen 1945 het
slegs sowat 330 000 uit die Unie se bevolking van nagenoeg tien miljoen vir vrywillige
krygsdiens aangemeld. Sosio-ekonomiese uitdagings soos ’n gebrek aan voedselvoorrade en
behuising het ook negatief op die openbare en burgerlike moraal ingewerk. Interne
propaganda in die UVM, veral deur middel van die opvoedings-, informasie- en
welsynsdienste, het ook beperkte sukses behaal as gevolg van ontevredenheid met militêre
beleid, swak diensvoorwaardes en oorlogsmoegheid. Dié ontevredenheid het moraal en
dissipline ondermyn en teen die einde van die oorlog tot uitdagende gedrag en oproer onder
die troepe gelei.
Oor die algemeen genome, was die Unie-regering se totale reklame- en propagandapoging
dus oneffektief. Alhoewel die hele die stelsel nie in duie gestort het nie en Unie se
oorlogspoging sonder groot ontwrigting voortgegaan het, het oorlogsmoegheid, oneffektiewe
beleide en die invloed van sosio-ekonomiese probleme uiteindelik tot openbare en militêre
ontnugtering gelei.
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A historical study of industrial ethnicity in urban colonial Zimbabwe and its contemporary transitions : the case of African Harare, c. 1890-1980Manganga, Kudakwashe 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / This thesis provides a critical and historical analysis of industrial ethnicity in African Harare between the 1890s and 1980. It examines the origins, dynamics and ambiguities of industrial ethnicity in urban colonial Harare (then Salisbury) and its attendant implications for socio-economic wellbeing and inter-group relations. It locates industrial ethnicity within broader questions of inequality and social difference, especially issues like affordability, materiality and power. The thesis pays particular attention to individuals and groups’ differential access to the ‘raw materials’ used in imagining and constructing forms of identification. The thesis is empirically grounded in a specific case study of industrial ethnicity among disparate African groups in urban colonial Zimbabwe, and in the context formed by factors that fomented ethnic enclaves in African Harare’s competitive labour markets during particular historical epochs. Such complex currents remain under-represented in current Zimbabwean historical literature. This is despite the salience and resonance of industrial ethnicity, as well as its multi-layered and ambiguous implications for inter-group relations, and its potential to create differential access to life chances for individuals and groups. The thesis contends that in crisis situations, people tend to identify with their ‘type’ and to use ethnic, kinship and other social ties in their scramble for socio-economic and political resources. This usually involves definitions and re-definitions of ‘selves’ and ‘others’; ‘insiders’ and ‘outsiders’; contestations and negotiations over identification; and how these varied identities are ‘materialised’. The ways in which migrant workers positioned themselves in the labour market depended on ensuing socio-economic inequalities and the use of social networks, which were indispensable conduits for the transmission of job information and local intelligence. The prevalence of ethnic enclaves and widespread ethnic clusters in colonial Harare’s labour market is explained in terms of a complex synergy of factors, including behavioural, historical, institutional and structural elements. Equally, industrial ethnicity, which had pre-colonial precedents, remained contested, fluid, and ambiguous, and was one among a range of forms of identification available to Salisbury’s African migrant workers. The thesis further situates African ethnicity in its political context by examining its ambivalent interaction with nationalist politics, gender and ‘othering’ work. It contends that African nationalism’s inherent underlying contradictions and tensions, and the subsequent dual categorisation of citizens into ‘patriots’ and ‘sell-outs’ set the stage for hegemonic (and counter-hegemonic) politics, ethnic competition and the politics of marginalisation in postcolonial Zimbabwe.
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The history and representation of the history of the Mabudu-TembeKloppers, Roelie J. 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: History is often manipulated to achieve contemporary goals. Writing or narrating history is not merely
a recoding or a narration of objective facts, but a value-laden process often conforming to the goals of
the writer or narrator. This study examines the ways in which the history of the Mabudu chiefdom has
been manipulated to achieve political goals. Through an analysis of the history of the Mabudu
chiefdom and the manner in which that history has been represented, this study illustrates that history is
not merely a collection of verifiable facts, but rather a collection of stories open to interpretation and
manipulation.
In the middle of the eighteenth century the Mabudu or Mabudu-Tembe was the strongest political and
economic unit in south-east Africa. Their authority only declined with state formation amongst the
Swazi and Zulu in the early nineteenth century. Although the Zulu never defeated the Mabudu, the
Mabudu were forced to pay tribute to the Zulu. In the 1980s the Prime Minister of KwaZulu,
Mangusotho Buthelezi, used this fact as proof that the people of Maputaland (Mabudu-land) should be
part of the Zulu nation-state.
By the latter part of the nineteenth century Britain, Portugal and the South African Republic laid claim
to Maputaland. In 1875 the French President arbitrated in the matter and drew a line along the current
South Africa/ Mozambique border that would divide the British and French spheres of influence in
south-east Africa. The line cut straight through the Mabudu chiefdom. In 1897 Britain formally
annexed what was then called AmaThongaland as an area independent of Zululand, which was
administered as ‘trust land’ for the Mabudu people. When deciding on a place for the Mabudu in its Grand Apartheid scheme, the South African
Government ignored the fact that the Mabudu were never defeated by the Zulu or incorporated into the
Zulu Empire. Until the late 1960s the government recognised the people of Maputaland as ethnically
Tsonga, but in 1976 Maputaland was incorporated into the KwaZulu Homeland and the people
classified as Zulu.
In 1982 the issue was raised again when the South African Government planned to cede Maputaland to
Swaziland. The government and some independent institutions launched research into the historic and
ethnic ties of the people of Maputaland. Based on the same historical facts, contrasting claims were
made about the historical and ethnic ties of the people of Maputaland.
Maputaland remained part of KwaZulu and is still claimed by the Zulu king as part of his kingdom.
The Zulu use the fact that the Mabudu paid tribute in the 1800s as evidence of their dominance. The
Mabudu, on the other hand, use the same argument to prove their independence, only stating that
tribute never meant subordination, but only the installation of friendly relations. This is a perfect
example of how the same facts can be interpreted differently to achieve different goals and illustrates
that history cannot be equated with objective fact.
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Die rol van Dr. J. Theophilus Hahn in Suider-Afrika, 1871-1905Hahn, Hildegarde L. 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)-- University Stellenbosch, 1993. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Johann Theophilus Hahn, seun van die Rynse sendeling, J. -Samuel
Hahn, is gebore op die sendingstasie Ebenhaeser (Lutzville) op 24
Desember 1842. As 'n seun op die sendingstasies Ebenaeser en
Bethanien en Berseba in Suidwes-Afrika (Namibie), het hy geleer om
die verskillende Khoisandialekte te praat. Ter wille van sy kinders
se akademiese opleiding het Samuel Hahn in 1852 na Duitsland
teruggekeer. Daar het Theophilus hornas uitstaande student bewys en
in 1870 het hy sy doktorsgraad verwerf met die proefskrif Die
- Sprache der Nama; nebst einem Anhang enthaltend Sprachproben aus
dem Munde des Volkes. Terwyl hy aan die universiteit van Halle
studeer het, het hy 'n aantal etnologiese artikels oor die inheemse
volkere van Suidwes-Afrika (Namibie) geskryf.
Met sy terugkeer na Suid-Afrika in 1871, het hy 'n handelaar in
Suidwes-Afrika geword. Na sy huwelik in 1875 met Marianne Esther de
La Roche Smuts het hy in Rehoboth gaan bly en aldaar 'n handelsaak
begin.
Hahn het Suidwes-Afrika in 1878 verlaat, nadat dit duidelik geword
het dat die Kaapse regering se entoesiasme vir optrede noord van
die Oranjerivier afgeneem het, as gevolg van sy militere probleme
op die oosgrens, in Griekwaland-Wes en Basoetoland. Hy het daarna
by sy broer Johannes, wat Rynse sendeling op Stellenbosch was, gaan
woon. Aldaar het hy die eerste landkaart van Suidwes-Afrika,
Original map of Namaqualand and Damaraland, voltooi.
In 1881 is hy as regeringsfiloloog en bewaarder van die
Grey-versameling in die Suid-Afrikaanse Openbare Biblioteek
(Suid-Afrikaanse Biblioteek) aangestel. Sy aanstelling het
veroorsaak dat die Hooggeregshof deur die Grey-trustees versoek is
om die versameling aan hulle oor te dra en om Hahn te verbied om
met die Grey-versameling in te meng. Die applikasie is deur die
Hooggeregshof van die hand gewys.
Terwyl hy vir die Kaapse regering gewerk het, het hy aan die Cape
Native Laws and Customs Commission inligting omtrent die Nama- en
Herero-kultuur verskaf. Hierdie kommissie was deur die Kaapse
regering aangestel om inligting aangaande die wette en gewoontes
van die inheemse volkere in te win en om verslag te doen aangaande
die wesenlikheid van die instelling van 'n soort stelsel van
plaaslike selfregering in die swart gebiede.
Vanaf sy plaas Prospect Hill het Hahn 'n brief geskryf aan die
agent van Adolf Llideritz,Heinrich Vogelsang, waarin hy waardevolle
inligting oor die moontlikhede van Suidwes-Afrika gemeld het en het
aan die hand gegee dat LlideritzAngra Pequena (Llideritzbaai)vir
handeldoeleindes moes bekom.
In 1883 het hy as regeringsfiloloog en Grey-bibliotekaris bedank en
het toe die plaasbestuurder van Welmoed, in die distrik van
Stellenbosch, geword. As wynboer het hy voorgestel dat n
kooperasie vir die produsering van wyn gestig word, asook spoediger
optrede met die bestryding van die fillokseraplaag.
Met Hahn se hulp het die Kharaskhoma Exploring and Prospecting
Syndicate, 'n maatskappy wat in Londen gebaseer was, in 1890
belangrike konsessies van die Bondelswart- en Velskoendraerkapteins
in Suidwes-Afrika bekom. Dit was 'n monopolie vir die eksploitering
van minerale, regte om handel te dryf en om spoorwee aan te le~
Na die regte van hierdie sindikaat aan die South African
Territories Company .oorgedra is, het Hahn weer Suidwes-Afrika
verlaat en die plaas Blaauwklip (Blaauwklippen) by Stellenbosch
gekoop. Sy pogings om te boer het misluk en die plaas is na sy
bankrotskap aan Cecil John Rhodes verkoop.
Daarna het hy agent vir Equitable Life Assurance Society in
Johannesburg geword. Terwyl hy by Markstraat 206, Johannesburg
gewoon het, het hy onsuksesvol aansoek gedoen om as spioen vir die
Britse Militere Regering op te tree.
Hy het op 22 Januarie 1905 gesterf en is in die Braamfonteinse
begraafplaas begrawe. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Johann Theophilus Hahn, son of the Rhenish missionary J. Samuel
Hahn, was born at the mission station Ebenaeser (Lutzville) on 24
December 1842. As a boy at the mission stations Ebenaeser and
Berseba and Bethanien in South West Africa (Namibia) he learned to
speak the different Khoisan dialects. Samuel Hahn left for Germany
in 1852, for the sake of his children~s academic training. There
Theophilus proved himself as an outstanding student and he obtained
his doctorate in 1870 on the dissertation Die Sprache der Nama;
nebst einem Anhang enthaltend Sprachproben aus dem Munde des
Volkes. While studying at the University of Halle he published a
number of ethnological studies relating to the aborigines of South
West Africa (Namibia).
On his return to South Africa, he became a trader in South West
Africa. After his marriage in 1875 to Marianne Esther de La Roche
Smuts he settled at Rehoboth, where he started a trading business.
Hahn left South West Africa in 1878, after it became clear that the
Cape Government's enthusiasm for action north of the Orange River
waned, as a result of its own military burdens on the eastern
border, in Griqualand West and Basutoland. He went to live with his
brother Johannes, a Rhenish missionary at Stellenbosch, where he
completed the first map of South West Africa - Original map of
Namagualand and Damaraland.
In 1881 he was appointed as government philologist and custodian of
the Grey Collection in the South African Public Library. His
appointment as Grey custodian gave rise to an application to the
Supreme Court to have the care and custody of the Grey Collection
given up to the Grey Trustees and for an interdict to restrain Hahn
from interfering with the Grey Collection. This application by the
Grey Trustees was refused by the Supreme Court.
In 1883 he provided the Cape Native Laws and Customs Commission
information regarding the Nama and Herero cultures. This commission
was directed by the Cape Government to enquire into the laws and
customs of the Blacks and to report on the advisability of
introducing some system of local self-government in the Black
territories.
While living at his farm Prospect Hill, he wrote a letter to the
agent of Adolf Llideritz,Heinrich Vogelsang, in which he supplied
valuable information about the prospects of South West Africa and
suggested that Llideritzacquire Angra Pequena (LlideritzBay) as a
harbour for trading purposes.
He resigned as philologist and Grey Librarian in 1883 and became
the manager of the farm Welmoed, in the district of Stellenbosch.
As a wine-farmer he proposed the establishing of a co-operative for
the production of wine, also prompt action for combating the
phylloxera disease.
With the assistance of Hahn the mining company Kharaskhoma
Exploring and Prospecting Syndicate, a company based in London,
obtained in 1890 important concessions from the chiefs of
Bondelswart and Veldskoendraers - a monopoly for the exploitation
of minerals, rights to trade and to contruct railways.
After the syndicate transfered its rights to the South African
Territories Company, he left South West Africa and bought th farm
Blaauwklip (Blaauwklippen) at Stellenbosch. His farming attempts
proved a disaster and his farm was sold to Cecil John Rhodes.
He became an agent for the Equitable Life Assurance Society in
Johannesburg and while residing at 206 Market Street he offered to
act as a spy for the British Military Government. This was
declined.
He died on 22 January 1905 and was buried in the Braamfontein
cemetery.
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Head, heart, and hand : the Huguenot Seminary and College and the construction of middle class Afrikaner femininity, 1873-1910Duff, Sarah Emily 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA (History))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / This thesis investigates the production of different forms of Afrikaner ‘femininity’ at the Huguenot Seminary and College in Wellington, between 1873 and 1910. Founded by Andrew Murray, the moderator of the Dutch Reformed Church (DRC), specifically to train Dutch-Afrikaner girls as teachers and missionaries, the school was based on a model of women’s education developed at the Mount Holyoke Seminary in Connecticut and the majority of the teachers who worked at Huguenot until the 1920s were thus American-born and trained. The Huguenot Seminary proved to be an enormous success: it was constantly in need of extra room to house its overflow of pupils, the girls came near the top of the Colony’s teaching examinations from 1875 onwards, and its associated College – founded in 1898 – was one of the first institutions in South Africa where young women could study for university degrees. It had a profound impact on the lives of a considerable proportion of white, bourgeois Dutch-Afrikaner – and English-speaking – women during this period of rapid and wide-ranging transformation in South African society and politics.
This thesis evaluates the extent to and manner in which Huguenot created particular Afrikaner ‘femininities’. The discussion begins with an exploration of the relationship between the Seminary, the Mount Holyoke system of girls’ education, and the DRC’s evangelicalism during the religious ‘revivals’ sweeping the Cape Colony in 1874-1875 and 1884-1885, paying particular attention to the teachers’ attempts to foster a quasi-religious community at the Seminary, and to the pupils’ responses to the school’s intense religiosity. It moves on to a discussion of the discourses surrounding the ideal of the educated woman that arose in the Seminary and College’s annuals between 1895 and 1910, identifying three key forms of ‘femininity’ promoted in magazines’ articles, short stories, and poetry. Finally, the thesis examines the impact of the growth of an Afrikaner ethnicity (specifically in the form of the First Afrikaans Language Movement), the South African War (1899-1902), and Alfred Milner’s South Africanism, on the ‘femininity’ espoused by the Seminary and College between 1874 and 1910.
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An historical analysis of aspects of the Black Sash, 1955-2001Benjamin, Eileen 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA (History))--University of Stellenbosch, 2004. / In this research the early development of the Black Sash is briefly explored,
together with how it altered over time. Changes in the internal structures and its
effect on the membership are benchmarked, together with the reasons and
reasoning that compelled the organization to undertake a complete restructuring.
An in-depth study is made of the disorientation brought about by the collapse of
apartheid. Particular attention is paid to the resistance to, and ultimate
acceptance of, the inevitability of offering a professionalized service.
Attention is focused on the relationship between the Black Sash as a white
women’s protest movement and the wider white community, content in the main
to support apartheid. The degree to which the Black Sash was accepted by the
black community as an equal partner in the struggle for a democratic South
Africa is discussed and the criteria by which the organization has been
evaluated. In addition, liberalism, per se, is evaluated from a “grassroots”
perspective.
From 1973, socio-economic developments in the wider society saw many Black
Sash members returning to the workplace. This left them with little or no time to
offer the organization during formal working hours. In order for the work to
continue, paid staff had to be employed to augment the volunteer component.
During the 1986 States of Emergency, members of banned organizations joined
the Black Sash, and it became an amalgam of different views, generations and
political opinion. This represented a significant ontological shift and altered its
character in the eyes of the public, but also created internal fissures.
The focus of this research is on the response of the Black Sash and its
membership to the changing environment in which it was forced to function. By
the 1980s, members were finding it difficult to relate to the new protest
movements that were rapidly gaining black support and the black on black violence. Ultimately, except for its service arm, namely the advice offices, it
emerged as an organization in limbo, appealing neither to the white minority nor
the black majority. Women from other race groups, whose membership would
have corrected the demographic imbalance, were reluctant to join a
predominantly white organization with a tangible camaraderie, built up over the
years as a result of members’ shared backgrounds and experiences. This
threatened its effectiveness as an advocacy group, and access to the funding
that was a vital element in its survival. Structural changes offered the only
solution.
One of the intentions of this research is to draw attention to the reinvented Black
Sash Trust. As a multi-racial, multi-gender, professionalized NGO, managed and
staffed by salaried personnel of all age groups, with minimal white volunteer
input, it has replaced the two-tiered membership based structure, with a semiprofessional
service arm. Having redefined its role and as the end product of
slow, almost imperceptible but unavoidable innovations over time, it is developing
its own identity, which encompasses much of the original Black Sash ethos.
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'n Evaluering van die volksboukuns van die Swellendam-omgewingBarnard, Eureka 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis(MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Swellendam is situated in the eastern part of the Overberg and is bounded by the districts
of Bredasdorp in the south, Caledon and Robertson in the west, Montagu and Ladisrnith in
the north, and Riversdale and Heidelberg in the east. Before colonisation mainly two
Khoikhoi tribes, the Chainouquas and the Hessequas, lived there. Because of the
favourable climate and terrain, the expansion into the interior of the European settlers after
1700 happened most rapidly across the Hottentots Holland mountains in the direction of
the Breede River. On 12 November 1743 a sub-drostdy for the Colonie in de verre
afgeleegene districten was founded and a landdrost and heemraad members were
appointed. On 26 October 1747 the Political Council decided to name this district
Swellendam. The drostdy and a number of other buildings were completed by 1747.
The pioneers applied in the Swellendam area the methods of building to which they were
accustomed, which they knew by tradition or to which they had been exposed. The plans
which were employed had either been used by previous generations or appeared widely in
the area. For almost two centuries the elongated wing plan in the form of an I, T, U, L,
etcetera was followed at the Cape. In the area studied the T-plan, especially, is most
common, with a considerable number of longhouses (I-plan) in which man and beast were
lodged under one roof.
Kapstyl (roof-truss), clay and stone houses are the three types of homes of which remnants
have been found in the Swellendam area. The kapstyl structure was used as a temporary
home and also as bam in the area under study. Clay houses were the first more permanent
structures erected in the Swellendam area. These homes were probably built without the
assistance of masons, joiners, carpenters and blacksmiths. In this area stone buildings were
primarily erected at livestock stations and, compared to clay houses, there are few
remnants of stone-built homes.
A few combination patterns have been found in the lay-out of outbuildings. Examples of
these are the stables-and-waggon shed combinations and the stables-waggon shed-kraal, as
well as the stables-waggon shed-hen's nest openings and the slave quarters-milking shedwaggon
shed combinations. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Swellendam is gelee in die oostelike deel van die Overberg en word begrens deur die
distrikte van Bredasdorp in die suide, Caledon en Robertson in die weste, Montagu en
Ladismith in die noorde, en Riversdal en Heidelberg in die ooste. Voor kolonisasie het daar
in die streek hoofsaaklik twee Khoikhoi stamme gewoon, die Chainouquas en die
Hessequas. As gevolg van die gunstige klimaat en die terrein het die binnelandse
uitbreiding van die Europese setlaars na 1700 die vinnigste oor die Hottentots-
Hollandberge in die rigting van die Breederivier plaasgevind. Op 12 November 1743 is 'n
sub-drostdy vir die Colonie in de verre afgeleegene districten gestig en 'n landdros en
heemrade is aangestel. Op 26 Oktober 1747 besluit die Politi eke Raad om hierdie distrik
Swellendam te noem. Die drostdy en 'n aantal ander geboue is teen 1747 voltooi.
Die pioniers het die bouwyse waaraan hulle gewoond was, wat hulle deur tradisie geken
het of waaraan hulle blootgestel was, ook in die Swellendam-omgewing toegcpas. Die
bouplanne wat gebruik is, is of deur die voorgeslagte aangewend, of het algemeen in die
gebied voorgekom. Vir byna twee eeue is die verlengde vleuelplan in die vorm van 'n I, T,
U, L ensovoorts, aan die Kaap gevolg. In die studiegebied kom veral die T-plan die meeste
voor met 'n beduidende hoeveelheid langhuise (l-plan) waar mens en dier onder een dak
gehuisves is.
Kapstyl, klei en kliphuise is die drie woningtipes waarvan oorblyfsels in die Swellendamstreek
aangetref is. Die kapstylstruktuur is in die studiegebied gebruik as tydelike woning
en ook as SkuUL Kleihuise was die eerste meer permanente strukture wat in die
Swellendam-omgewing opgerig is. Die wonings is waarskynlik opgerig sonder die hulp
van messelaars, skrynwerkers, timmermans en grofsmede. In hierdie streek is daar
hoofsaaklik op die veeposte met klip gebou en is daar in vergelyking met kleihuise min
oorblyfsels van wonings wat met klip gebou is.
'n Paar kombinasiepatrone is in die uitleg van buitegeboue gevind. Voorbeelde hiervan is
die stalle-en-waenhuis-kombinasies en die stalle-waenhuis-kraal, stalle-waenhuishoendernes-
openinge, en die slawekwartier-melkery-waenhuis-kombinasies.
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