This diploma thesis analyses the divorce rate in the Czech Republic after the year 1989. The first chapter is devoted to the definition of basic terms. Divorce is the legal dissolution of marriage during the life of spouses. Divorce is the dissolving of the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law. Divorce is a social phenomenon reflecting the family stability, there is a transformation of traditional behavioural patterns, moral criteria and economic incentives. Since 1989 till present the divorce rate in the Czech Republic is at a high level. The second chapter of the theoretical part evaluates the development and current situation of divorce rate in our country. It is divided into three subsections: Influencing factors of divorce, causes of divorce and divorce rates in Europe. The aim of this diploma thesis is the evaluation of the development of causes of the divorce in the Czech population, capturing the specifics of the development of divorce in the new socio - economic conditions after 1989. With regard to the objective of the diploma thesis I set three hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: Compared with other EU countries in the Czech Republic the divorce rate persists at a high level after 1989. Hypothesis 2: The divorce rate varies by region in the Czech Republic. It is the highest in regions undergoing restructuring of the economy, with high unemployment rate and social problems. Hypothesis 3: The divorce rate is high in big cities and on the contrary low in traditional, predominantly, rural regions with a stable population. I conducted a quantitative research in the form of data analysis. The main source of the data was the Czech Statistical Office and Eurostat. I have analysed and compared the data which reveal the divorce rate in the Czech Republic and the EU in 2011 and the development of divorce from the year 1989. The data were analysed by correlation and spatial analysis and to compare the data I used the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results show that the divorce rate in the Czech Republic in comparison with other EU countries after 1989 remains at a high level. Crude divorce rate since 1989 is around 3.0 divorces per 1000 inhabitants, which represents one of the highest divorce rates among EU countries. The divorce rate in the Czech Republic was one of the few demographic processes that were the least affected by the economic and social transformations after 1989. According to the results of the data analysis for the year 2011 I have verified, that the divorce rate in the Czech Republic is territorially differentiated, varies in different regions, cities and rural areas. High crude divorce rate is in districts undergoing restructuring of the economy and as a result there is a high rate of unemployment and social problems are emerging. The highest divorce rate in 2011 was in Česká Lípa. Conversely, the lowest crude divorce rate is the less populated districts, with a stable population and a high proportion of religious people. In 2011, the lowest crude divorce rate was in the district of Jihlava. Religion had the most statistically significant effect on the divorce rate. In districts with a higher proportion of religious people the crude divorce rate is lower than in districts with a lower proportion of religious people.

This master thesis is focused on the present state of the family issues in the Czech Republic. Except the explanation of the basic terminology, it also indicates some of the areas with the family in the first place and its legal regulations and sociology investigation. It observes the actual trends in the behaviour of couples in the connection with the common life and starting family. The acquired demographic and sociological findings, valid generally for the Czech Republic, are analysed and compared with the statistical dates of the lower territory self-governing units. It also checks the rate of the regional differences above these regions (mainly at the level of districts), especially in the area of the marriage behaviour, parenthood and amount of the separating marriages. It confronts these data with the age structure of the founding family members. At the end of the graduation thesis is established whether the results of the sociological investigation and studies are consistent with the realized conclusions from the statistic data and if there exist the significant regional dissimilarities in the Czech Republic in statistic indicators which characterize the "family" behaviour of population.

This thesis is focused on two demographic processes -- nuptiality and divorce rate. The goal of this thesis is to analyze past, present and future development of nuptiality and divorce rate in Czech Republic and to draw a comparison between this development and the development in selected countries of European Union. The evaluation of the past and present development is made by using selected indicators of nuptiality and divorce rate. The forecast of the future development is obtained by using the Box-Jenkins methodology. The comparison of nuptiality and divorce rate in Czech Republic and in selected countries of European Union (Italy, Netherlands, Slovakia, Spain and Sweden) is to be found in the last chapter of this thesis.

The thesis is focused on family in the early 21st century in the Czech Republic. The basic objective is to analyze important differences in for-family behaviour (in terms of traditional families) based on selected demographic indicators in regions and districts of the Czech Republic. The theoretical part describes basic concepts related to family, its functions and changes of the family. Czech families are studied mainly on evidence of selected statistical data published by the Czech Statistical Office. To determine the regional disparities, in approach to the concept of family at the district level, the synthetic indicator T has been designed. In the final part, the economic and social conditions (unemployment, education, etc.) affecting the people's approaches to the concept of family are examined within districts.

This thesis explores why the divorce rate has remained relatively stable over the past few decades, even in the face of rapidly growing social sciences – particularly the branch associated with the study and treatment of marriage – through an analysis of the work of John Gottman. This thesis chiefly claims that divorce is not addressed in marital research. It is argued, however, that far from being intentional on the part of researchers, the disregard for divorce in the marital research is actually due to underlying, unrecognized assumptions. Specifically, this thesis analyzes the most fundamental assumptions – the ontological assumptions – upon which the investigation of marriage is conceptualized. The body is divided into three parts: First, the apparent absence of divorce in the marital literature is discussed, providing a starting point for the ontological analysis. Second, a section on ontology sets up the analysis. It begins with an introduction to two categories of ontological assumptions. These assumptive frameworks are used to guide the analysis of the marital literature. The final part analyzes John Gottman's research as a case example of the marital literature, uncovering the ontological assumptions of his work and demonstrating that many of his assumptions are potentially problematic for addressing divorce. After briefly wrapping up the arguments herein contained, the thesis discusses an alternative ontology which provides a framework whereby, if employed, marital researchers can begin to more adequately address the divorce epidemic.

隨著台灣地區對外籍配偶政策逐步開放，所帶來台灣地區人民與國外聯姻所佔的比重增加外，另一方面，因外籍新娘所伴隨語言的隔閡文化的融合、薄弱婚姻基礎、社會接納度及支持網絡不夠、就業福利、輔導措施、子女教養甚或與上一代相處等三代之代際問題，使得異國婚姻的離婚率也悄悄升高，連帶地促使台灣地區離婚問題更趨嚴重複雜。尤其外籍配偶離婚問題，其所衍生複雜之家庭、社會甚至影響國家形象等層面問題，不若本國籍離婚案例單純，已成為學者、專家極度關注的議題。 本研究目的係期以2001至2003年台灣地區各縣市離婚率的追蹤資料（panel data）進行分析，探討以下問題：一、分析與瞭解台灣地區縣市別離婚率與外籍配偶分布趨勢之間的關係，並比較其差異；二、探究影響台灣地區離婚率升高的決定因素。三、對目前台灣外籍配偶政策提供具體的建議。 經由計量模型估計結果發現，外籍配偶佔有偶婦女比率越高之縣市，其離婚率較高，有顯著正相關之影響，其中外籍新娘以大陸配偶比重越高之縣市，較東南亞及其他國籍者，與離婚率呈現高度正相關；若從時間趨勢來看，2003年台灣地區的離婚率，相對2001年基期水準，會較2002年有顯著增加效果；東部區域較北部、中部與南部區域的縣市，在外籍配偶對其離婚率影響，相對較高；行政區劃的部分市又高於縣。 綜上，外籍配偶是影響台灣地區各縣市別離婚率之相當重要因素，然而外籍配偶政策與降低離婚率等，皆有賴政府正視問題有所作為，並管制成效予以改善。 / As the Taiwan’s policies toward foreign spouses have been gradually liberalized, the proportion of Taiwanese people marrying foreign spouses has increased. However, language barriers, cultural assimilations, fragile marriage foundation, the lack of social acceptance and a support network, career welfare, assistance measures, children’s education and the inter-generation issues among the previous, the current, and the next generations have slightly raised the divorce rate of international marriages, and further, worsened and complicated the divorce issues in Taiwan. Issues derived from the divorce of foreign spouses in particular, such as complicated families and negative impact on the social or national image, are not as simple as the domestic divorce cases, and have thus become the focus of scholars and experts. Based on the panel data of the divorce rate in every city and county in Taiwan collected during 2001 and 2003, this study aims to investigate the following issues: (1) to analyze the relation of divorce rate and the distribution of foreign spouses in every region, and compare the differences; (2) to investigate the decisive factors in raising the divorce rate in Taiwan; (3) to provide substantial suggestions for current policies toward foreign spouses. The estimation made through a metric model shows regions with a higher proportion of foreign spouses have a higher divorce rate. And the effect is positively correlated. And regions with a higher proportion of foreign spouses from Mainland China than from Southeast Asia nations or others have a higher divorce rate. This proportion is highly correlated to divorce rate. In terms of time period, compared with the base standard of the 2001, the divorce rate in Taiwan in 2003 is significantly higher than that in 2002. The effect of foreign spouses on the divorce rate is relatively higher in eastern regions than in northern, central, and southern regions. As to administrative divisions, the rate is higher in cities than in counties. To sum up, foreign spouse is an important factor in the divorce rate in every region in Taiwan. However, policies toward foreign spouses and the reduction of divorce rate depend on how the government resolves these issues and improves the performance of the liberalization. Key word： Divorce rate、Taiwan area、Foreign Spouse。

The thesis is focused on the current state of families in the Czech Republic and its individual regions. In addition to the basic characteristics of the family, this work captures the changes undergone by the family, especially in the areas of marriage and parenthood. The diploma thesis also analyzes the behavior of the Czech population through relevant statistical indicators, such as marriage, divorce, birth and fertility in the period of 1991-2008, both at the national level and at the district levels. Based on the analysed results of the statistical indicators, the author assesses whether there exist differences between individual regions of the Czech Republic, which relate to the family behavior of the population.

Analysis of EU divorce rates in socio-demographic perspective Abstract The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the basic trends in the development of the divorce rate in selected countries of the European Union, in the period of 1995 through 2015 and to find similar or different trends among them. The work is focused not only on the development of individual indicators of the divorce intensity, but also on the possible causes of changes in family behavior, both from a demographic and sociological point of view. Therefore, the second part of the work focuses on attitude analysis of the evaluators by particular country of the European Union, namely the specific attitudes of choosing a family, marriage and an opinion on divorce. The intensity of divorce rates increases during the observed period in all monitored countries, therefore the share of divorced persons in the European population increasing, too. The reasons are mainly the social and economic changes in society, which go along with the changes in family behavior. Divorce is tolerated by society and as behavior is justifiable for most people. On the other hand, family and marriage are still very important values for the people of European countries. Keywords: divorce rate, family, Europe, attitudes, binary logistic regression, cluster analysis

The master thesis looks at marital satisfaction and stability in Czech marriages between 2005 and 2015. The aim of the thesis was to find out whether meeting your spouse online or offline affects marital satisfaction and break-up rate (separation and divorce). The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on attractiveness, the characteristics of a good relationship, the development of marital satisfaction and existing research on online dating. A nationally representative sample of 316 respondents provided answers in an online questionnaire. The results indicate that one in three Czech marriages now begin online. Half of the online group met on an online dating site and 17 % on a social media site. When compared to those that began offline, "online marriages" were slightly less likely to end up in a marital break-up (31 % offline, 26,5 % online) and reported slightly higher marital satisfaction. However, none of these differences were statistically significant. The differences were higher when the online group was narrowed down to the ones who met on an online dating site and on a social media site but remained statistically insignificant. This group also retrospectively reported better fulfilment of their criteria for their life companion at the beginning of a relationship (p=0,041). In general, men...

本研究之主要目的在探討臺灣地區婦女之教育、就業、生育及人口流動與 離婚率的關係，並預測未來五年之離婚率。 本研究以臺灣地區廿三縣 市為樣本，資料來源為「中華民國統計年鑑」及「中華民國臺閩地區人口 統計」。以皮爾遜積差相關係數、單因子變異數分析及多元迴歸探討婦女 教育、就業、生育及人口流動與離婚率之關係；並以自我迴歸整合移動平 均模式來分析預測未來五年之離婚率。本研究的主要發現為：１．在婦女 教育方面：高中及大學教育女性比例愈高的縣市，其離婚率也愈高；而國 中畢女性比例、小學畢女性比例及婦女識字率，則與離婚率無關。２．在 婦女就業方面：婦女整體就業率與離婚率無關。但若從行業別而言，從事 第三類行業的婦女愈多，離婚率愈高。若就職業而言，從事監督、佐理工 作之婦女愈多，離婚率愈高；而從事農、林、漁、牧、狩獵工作之婦女愈 多，離婚率則愈低。３．在生育率方面：一般生育率愈高，離婚率愈低； 並且，大專以上畢業婦女生育率也與離婚率成反比。４．在人口流動方面 ：人口總移動率與離婚率成反比。５．在迴歸分析方面：大學畢女性比例 、高中畢女性比例、監督佐理人員女性比例、農林漁牧工作人員女性比例 、一般生育率、大專畢業育齡婦女生育率、及人口總移動率等七個指標均 對離婚率有顯著影響。６．未來五年之離婚率，呈逐年上升趨勢。