Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2005-Marta Bruno Loureiro.pdf: 2008902 bytes, checksum: 98c5d8a1e29a820780c9fe727ebed874 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-08-29 / Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Apuleia leiocarpa is a forestall specie commonly known as grapia and garapa. Its trees are widely spread over Brazilian territory occurring more specifically on rain forest formations with seasonal semidecidious characteristics. Garapa seeds are an important source of medicinal substances as well as used for ornamental and environmental recovery purposes. It has been used on both tanning and timber industry and notably its natural populations have deeply decreased its growth due to massive exploitation. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the development of A. leiocarpa seeds during the maturation phase. Researches were conducted for two successive crop years (2002 and 2003) and also analyzed seeds performance under specific storage conditions and the physiological quality of seeds. This scientific study results might be used as database information to guide the elaboration of specie s preservation proposals. Research samples were collected at Tingu? Biological Reserve, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and biological analysis and tests were performed at Seeds Analysis Laboratory of Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro at Serop?dica city, Brazil. This work results concludes that A. leiocarpa seeds physiological maturity was achieved within 98 days after anthesis (98DAA) in 2002. In 2003 it was not able to objectively determine the seeds maturity cycle. Seeds harvests are recommended as soon as fruits aspect changes from green-yellow to brown color combined with a higher proportion of brown seeds availability. The most efficient technique to overcome seed dormancy was the use of immersion treatment into concentrated sulphuric acid during 20 minutes. It was not observed any influence of either testa color or its size on A. leiocarpa seed germination process. The use of half-permeably packaging (polyethylene bags) under a nominal temperature of 18?C and 50% relative humidity was considered the most appropriate storage condition to A. leiocarpa seeds. / Apuleia leiocarpa ? uma esp?cie florestal, conhecida como gr?pia e garapa, que apresenta ampla distribui??o geogr?fica no territ?rio brasileiro, ocorrendo na mata atl?ntica, nas forma??es caracter?sticas da Floresta Estacional Semidecidual. A esp?cie apresenta import?ncia na industria madeireira e de curtume, possui indica??es de uso medicinal, ornamental e em plantios para recupera??o ambiental. No entanto, foi extra?da de forma maci?a, e suas popula??es naturais sofreram diminui??o significativa. Diante desta situa??o, os objetivos deste trabalho foram acompanhar a matura??o das sementes de Apuleia leiocarpa em dois anos de produ??o (2002 e 2003), avaliar o comportamento das sementes durante o armazenamento e analisar os fatores intr?nsecos ?s sementes que afetam sua qualidade fisiol?gica, a fim de gerar informa??es que possam nortear a elabora??o de propostas para a conserva??o da esp?cie. As coletas foram realizadas na Reserva Biol?gica do Tingu?, RJ e os ensaios conduzidos no Laborat?rio de An?lise de Sementes da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, RJ. Com base nos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que a maturidade fisiol?gica das sementes de Apuleia leiocarpa foi atingida aos 98 DAA no ano de 2002 e n?o pode ser determinada em 2003. ? recomend?vel que a coleta de sementes seja realizada a partir do momento em que ocorre a mudan?a de colora??o dos frutos de verdeamarelo para marrom, juntamente com aparecimento da maior propor??o de sementes com colora??o marrom A escarifica??o com ?cido sulf?rico concentrado por vinte minutos, foi considerado o tratamento mais indicado para a supera??o da dorm?ncia de sementes. Nem o tamanho das sementes, nem a colora??o do tegumento influenciaram a porcentagem de germina??o de sementes de Apuleia leiocarpa. . A embalagem semiperme?vel sob c?mara seca (18?C e U.R. de 50%), foi considerada a condi??o mais adequada para a conserva??o de sementes de Apuleia leiocarpa.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T14:01:53Z No. of bitstreams: 5 14.pdf: 1041326 bytes, checksum: ff6fbb51630dbac380b2402be8c721f2 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T11:18:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 14.pdf: 1041326 bytes, checksum: ff6fbb51630dbac380b2402be8c721f2 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T11:18:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 14.pdf: 1041326 bytes, checksum: ff6fbb51630dbac380b2402be8c721f2 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar m?todos de supera??o da dorm?ncia tegumentar e substratos na germina??o de sementes de sucupira - preta (Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth.) e a influ?ncia de substratos, tamanhos de tubetes e ambientes no crescimento e qualidade de mudas da esp?cie. Os experimentos foram realizados no Centro Integrado de Propaga??o de Esp?cies Florestais ? CIPEF do Departamento de Engenharia Florestal da UFVJM, em Diamantina, Minas Gerais, constituindo os tr?s cap?tulos apresentados seq?encialmente. No cap?tulo 1, sementes de sucupira - preta foram submetidas aos tratamentos pr?-germinativos Controle (sem quebra de dorm?ncia), Imers?o em H2SO4 puro por 5 minutos, Escarifica??o mec?nica com lixa N?80, e Pr?-embebi??o em ?gua por 48h seguida de imers?o em H2SO4 puro por 5 minutos, em dois substratos (Papel e Areia). Todos os tratamentos pr?-germinativos promoveram a germina??o da sucupira - preta nos dois substratos, sendo que a Imers?o em H2SO4 puro por 5 minutos e a escarifica??o mec?nica com lixa foram os que apresentaram maiores valores para as caracter?sticas avaliadas. No cap?tulo 2, os experimentos foram instalados em dois ambientes (Pleno Sol e Casa de Sombra), sendo avaliados os efeitos de dois tamanhos de tubetes (55 cm? e 180 cm?) e quatro substratos (70% de vermiculita + 30% de casca de arroz carbonizada; 70% de vermiculita + 30% de moinha de carv?o; 70% de vermiculita + 15% de casca de arroz carbonizada + 15% de fibra de coco; e 40% de vermiculita + 30% de casca de arroz carbonizada + 30% de fibra de coco), sobre o crescimento em altura e di?metro do coleto de mudas durante 270 dias. O maior crescimento em altura e di?metro do coleto foram observados, em geral, com a utiliza??o do substrato 70% de vermiculita + 15% de casca de arroz carbonizada + 15% de fibra de coco e do tubete de 180 cm?, nos dois ambientes. No cap?tulo 3, aos 270 dias ap?s a semeadura, foram avaliados os efeitos dos tamanhos de tubetes, substratos e ambientes, semelhantes ao cap?tulo anterior, sobre as caracter?sticas morfol?gicas de qualidade de mudas (altura, di?metro do coleto, peso de mat?ria seca da parte a?rea, peso da mat?ria seca da raiz, peso da mat?ria seca total, rela??o peso de mat?ria seca da parte a?rea/di?metro do coleto, rela??o de altura da parte a?rea / peso de mat?ria seca da parte a?rea, rela??o entre o peso de mat?ria seca da parte a?rea / peso de mat?ria seca das ra?zes e o ?ndice de qualidade de Dickson). O substrato 70% de vermiculita + 15% de casca de arroz carbonizada + 15% de fibra de coco e o tubete de 180 cm? foram superiores na maioria das caracter?sticas avaliadas, independente do ambiente estudado. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate methods to overcome seed coat dormancy and substrates on germination of black sucupira (Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth.) and the influence of substrates, tube sizes and environments on growth and quality of seedlings of the species. The experiments were performed at the Center for Integrated Forest Species Propagation - CIPEF at Department of Forest Engineering UFVJM in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil, constituting the three chapters that were presented sequentially. In chapter 1, black sucupira seeds were treated by pre-germination control (no dormancy), Immersion in pure H2SO4 for 5 minutes, mechanical scarification with sandpaper number. 80, and pre-soaking in water for 48h and after, immersion in pure H2SO4 for 5 minutes, two substrates (Paper and Sand). All pre-germinative treatments promoted germination of black sucupira on both substrates, and the immersion in pure H2SO4 for 5 minutes and mechanical scarification with sandpaper presented the highest values for the parameters evaluated. In Chapter 2, the experiments were conducted in two environments (full sunlight and 50% of shade), evaluated the effects of two sizes of tubes (55 cm? and 180 cm?) and four substrates (70% vermiculite + 30% rice hulls, 70% vermiculite + 30% chaff coal, 70% vermiculite + 15% carbonized rice hulls + 15% coconut fiber, and 40% vermiculite + 30% carbonized rice hulls + 30% coconut fiber), on growth in height and stem diameter of seedlings during 270 days. The greatest growth in height and stem diameter were observed, in general, using the substrate 70% vermiculite + 15% carbonized rice hulls + 15% coconut fiber and plastic tube of 180 cm ? in both environments. In chapter 3, at 270 days after sowing, we evaluated the effects of tube sizes, substrates and environments, were similar to the last chapter on the morphological parameters of quality of seedlings (height, stem diameter, dry weight of shoot , dry weight of root, total dry weight, ratio of dry weight of shoot / stem diameter, ratio of shoot height / dry weight of shoots, ratio of dry weight of shoot / dry weight of roots and the Dickson quality index), the substrate 70% vermiculite + 15% carbonized rice hulls + 15% fiber coconut and tubes of 180 cm ? were higher than in most characteristics, regardless of the environment studied.

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-06-07T22:50:41Z No. of bitstreams: 2 kennedy_paiva_porfirio.pdf: 1795601 bytes, checksum: b5586d73e2887546c047ef31257c28b7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-06-22T15:23:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 kennedy_paiva_porfirio.pdf: 1795601 bytes, checksum: b5586d73e2887546c047ef31257c28b7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-22T15:23:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 kennedy_paiva_porfirio.pdf: 1795601 bytes, checksum: b5586d73e2887546c047ef31257c28b7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver procedimentos de germina??o, estaquia e micropropaga??o de Xylopia aromatica. Os experimentos foram conduzidos na Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), em diamantina ? MG, cujos trabalhos foram divididos em dois cap?tulos. No primeiro cap?tulo foram realizados oito experimentos. A germina??o foi avaliada em quatro experimentos, onde sementes de Xylopia aromatica, separadas em lotes distintos quanto ? densidade, foram submetidas ? quebra de dorm?ncia utilizando GA3 em diferentes concentra??es (0; 25; 50; 100; 250; 500; e 1000 mg L-1), nos tempos de imers?o 24 e 48 horas. N?o ocorreu germina??o durante os 210 dias de avalia??o. Foram realizados quatro experimentos de estaquia, onde segmentos caulinares (com e sem folhas) e radiculares com classes de di?metros distintas, foram imersos por 30 segundos em solu??o de AIB (0; 2000; 4000; 6000; 8000 e 10.000 mg L-1) a fim de induzir o enraizamento advent?cio. Foi avaliado o percentual de enraizamento durante 140 dias. N?o houve enraizamento em nenhum dos experimentos, porem ocorreu brota??es nas estacas caulinares que foram imersas nas concentra??es de 2000, 4000 e 6000 mg L-1 de AIB. No segundo cap?tulo, foram realizados seis experimentos, que envolveram etapas de multiplica??o, alongamento e enraizamento in vitro. Explantes foram submetidos a diferentes meios de cultura (MS e WPM), e concentra??es de BAP (0,5 e 0,8 mg L-1), objetivando determinar o melhor meio de cultura e concentra??o de BAP para a multiplica??o da esp?cie. Avaliou-se tamb?m, o alongamento em explantes com o uso de combina??es de ANA e BAP e GA3, e enraizamento com o uso de AIB e ANA. O meio MS acrescido de 0,8 mg L-1 de BAP foi o que apresentou melhores resultados para a multiplica??o de Xylopia aromatica. Na fase de alongamento, o GA3 na concentra??o de 5,0 mg L-1 foi o regulador de crescimento que apresentou melhor resultado em altura e n?mero de folhas. No enraizamento, o AIB e o ANA n?o foram eficazes na indu??o de ra?zes, necessitando mais estudos relacionados ? etapa de enraizamento para a esp?cie. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / This study aimed to develop germination procedures, cutting and micropropagation Xylopia aromatica. The experiments were conducted in Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) in Diamantina - MG, whose works were divided into two chapters. In the first chapter were carried out eight experiments. Germination was evaluated in four experiments where aromatica Xylopia seeds, separated into separate lots for density, were submitted to dormancy breaking using GA3 at different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 mg L-1) under immersion for 24 and 48 hours. Not germinated during the 210 days of evaluation. Four cutting experiments were carried out where segments shoot (with and without leaves) and root with different diameter classes were immersed for 30 seconds in AIB solution (0; 2000; 4000; 6000; 8000 and 10,000 mg L-1) to induce adventitious roots. Rooting percentage was evaluated during 140 days. There was no rooting experiments, however sprouting occurred in the cuttings were dipped in concentrations of 2000, 4000 and 6000 mg L-1 AIB. In the second chapter, we were conducted six experiments, involving multiplication steps, stretching and in vitro rooting. Explants were subjected to different culture medium (MS and WPM) and BAP (0,5and 0,8mg L-1), in order to determine the best medium and concentration of BAP for the multiplication of the species. It also evaluated the elongation explants using combinations of ANA and BAP and GA3 and rooting using AIB and ANA. The MS medium plus 0.8 mg L-1 BAP showed the best results for the multiplication of Xylopia aromatica. In the stretching step, the concentration of GA3 at 5,0 mg L-1 was the growth regulator showed better results in height and leaf number. Rooting, AIB and ANA were not effective in inducing roots, requiring more studies related to the rooting stage for the species.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:56:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2005- Juliana Muller Freire.pdf: 826620 bytes, checksum: f7f3878211e26134428516a4db9f4737 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-03-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The aim of this work was to estimate the level and distribution of genetic variation within and among five Schizolobium parahyba (guapuruvu) populations and to evaluate the morphometric traits and dormancy of seeds of two populations of these species. The collect was carried out at coastal and mountain regions in the south of Rio de Janeiro. RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers were used in order to estimate the similarity of the genotypes and to indicate the genetic distance among individuals and populations. The following morphometric traits of seeds was assessed: width, lenght, thickness and weight. Variation in dormancy level was tested in seeds of two populations comparing the performance of scratching and not scratching seeds. Germination porcentage, germination and emergency speed index, normal seedling porcentage and death porcentage was assessed and compared among individual plant and populations by using ANOVA test. The polymorphic loco was 97%, as expected for a wide distributed specie. Of the total genetic diversity, 89% was atributtable to differences within populations and 11% to differences among populations, indicating a low amount of populations differentiation. The estimative of gene movement among populations revealed a high value (3,18 migrant per generation). Correlations among genetic and geographic distance were not found, indicating the lack of spatial structure of the specie. All morphometric traits differed significantly among individual within each of the population. The individuals plants from the mountain region presented the highest seed size. The major morphometric variation ocurred within population. The seed lenght responded with 60.87% of the total morphometric variation, followed by width (26,58%) and thickness (11,193%). Four groups were created by cluster analysis, with no origin relationship. Dormancy level differed significantly among and within populations and the highest dormancy level was presented by the coastal population. The germination speed index and death porcentage expressed better the dormancy levels than the other variables, differing significantly in the most of individuals trees. Seeds not scratched from mountain population presented better performance than the coastal one. Morphometrical and germination traits were not correlated. There were a high death percentage, specially for the scratched seeds. The role of biotics and abiotics factors in the selection of germination behavior are discussed based in the results and field observations. / Os objetivos deste estudo foram estimar o n?vel e a distribui??o da varia??o gen?tica entre e dentro de cinco popula??es de Schizolobium parahyba (guapuruvu), analisar a diversidade morfom?trica e a dorm?ncia de sementes considerando duas popula??es desta esp?cie. As popula??es estudadas est?o localizadas na regi?o litor?nea e serrana do sul do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A an?lise gen?tica foi realizada utilizando-se marcadores RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) que resultou na estimativa de similaridade dos gen?tipos, indicando a dist?ncia gen?tica entre indiv?duos e entre as popula??es. A an?lise morfom?trica foi realizada em sementes colhidas em duas popula??es, tendo sido avaliadas: largura, comprimento, espessura e peso das sementes. No estudo de germina??o foi avaliado o n?vel de dorm?ncia das sementes, comparando matrizes de duas popula??es. Foram calculados a porcentagem de germina??o, ?ndice de Velocidade de Germina??o (IVG), n?mero de pl?ntulas normais e anormais, ?ndice de Velocidade de Emerg?ncia (IVE) e mortalidade. A diferen?a entre tratamentos e locais foi feita atrav?s da ANOVA. A propor??o de locos polim?rficos foi de 97%, valor considerado compat?vel para uma esp?cie de ampla distribui??o geogr?fica. Da varia??o gen?tica total observada, 89% ocorreu dentro das popula??es e 11% entre as popula??es, indicando um baixo n?vel de diferencia??o entre as popula??es. A estimativa de fluxo g?nico entre popula??es (NM) foi alto, alcan?ando 3,18 migrantes por gera??o. N?o foi encontrada correla??o entre dist?ncia gen?tica e geogr?fica (r=0,036), evidenciando a falta de estrutura??o espacial da esp?cie. A diversidade morfom?trica indicou diferen?a significativa entre matrizes de uma mesma regi?o para todas as vari?veis morfom?tricas analisadas. As matrizes de Miguel Pereira apresentaram maior tamanho de semente do que as de Paraty, sendo esta diferen?a significativa para todas as vari?veis, exceto comprimento. A maior varia??o no tamanho da semente ocorreu a n?vel intra-populacional, sendo significativo para todas as vari?veis. O comprimento respondeu com 60.87% da varia??o total do tamanho da semente, seguido da largura (26,58%) e da espessura (11.193%). A an?lise de agrupamento permitiu a forma??o de quatro grupos, n?o sendo poss?vel associ?-los ? regi?o de origem. A dist?ncia morfom?trica e gen?tica aparentemente n?o apresentaram correla??o. O n?vel de dorm?ncia das sementes variou entre e dentro de popula??es. Paraty apresentou maior diferen?a entre os tratamentos (sementes escarificadas e n?o escarificadas), evidenciando seu maior grau de dorm?ncia. Os par?metros que melhor expressaram a dorm?ncia foram o ?ndice de Velocidade de Germina??o e a taxa de mortalidade. As sementes n?o escarificadas de Miguel Pereira se mostraram superiores as de Paraty em praticamente todos os par?metros germinativos. N?o houve correla??o entre as vari?veis morfom?tricas e germinativas. Houve alta mortalidade das sementes por fungos, principalmente em rela??o ?s sementes escarificadas. A influ?ncia dos fatores bi?ticos e abi?ticos (precipita??o) no comportamento germinativo s?o discutidos com base nos resultados obtidos e observa??es de campo.

Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-10T14:09:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Tatiana Oliveira da Silva.pdf: 1137658 bytes, checksum: 31af0cd49ed243269ee071f1dbf32c78 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T14:09:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Tatiana Oliveira da Silva.pdf: 1137658 bytes, checksum: 31af0cd49ed243269ee071f1dbf32c78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-04 / Legumes have some characteristics which make them able to improve pasture productivity, since they act as green manure and prevent soil erosion by weather agents. They contribute, furthermore, to maintaining or increasing soil organic matter level, since they draw carbon and fix atmospheric Nitrogen, so mobilize and recycle nutrients, increasing microbiological soil activity. Considering the useful potential of these forage plants the seed dispersal of five legume species (Pueraria phaseoloides, Neonotonia wightii, Calopogonium mucunoides, Macrotyloma axillare and Stylosanthes cv. Mineir?o) through bovine feces in an established pasture of B. decumbens was studied in two trials. In the first one seeds mixed with concentrate were offered in the late afternoon to five crossbred (Holsten-Zebu) heifers weighing 250 kg. This experiment was carried out in a crop-pasture rotation system with five paddocks occupied for 4 days. Field evaluation were made from 12 to 30 hrs after seed ingestion, consisting in marking with sticks of different colors the sites of animal droppings in order to discriminate legume species. After 73 days of pasture vacancy was made the first evaluation in order to set the number of sprouts in the research field and Pueraria phaseoloides (puero) showed the best results, followed by Macrotyloma axillare (archer) and Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo). We accessed, in addition, the drought resistance after 266 days of pasture closure counting the survival legume plants in the pasture. The best performance for plant survival after dry season was observed in archer, followed by calopo. Concerning germination after the dry season of seeding made at the beginning of the experiment, best results were found by perennial soybean, despite its low results during the dry season. A second experiment was conducted using only archer seeds as they showed the best results concerning drought persistence. Five heifers were fed with 40 g of archer seeds; the animals were kept grazing for four days at the paddock in the crop-pasture system. At the first evaluation of this experiment we observed 215 archer plants in the research field. At the second evaluation the botanical composition analysis was made revealing the presence of 6,4% of the research area covered by archer plants (global mean of 380 plants). / As leguminosas possuem algumas caracter?sticas que contribuem para a produtividade do pasto, assim como a aduba??o verde, protegendo o solo dos agentes clim?ticos. Al?m disso, as leguminosas seq?estram o carbono e fixam o nitrog?nio atmosf?rico e, assim, apresentam potencial para manter ou elevar o teor de mat?ria org?nica, mobilizar e reciclar nutrientes e favorecer a atividade biol?gica do solo. Levando em considera??o o potencial ben?fico destas planta forrageiras objetivou-se avaliar a dispers?o de sementes de cinco leguminosas forrageiras tropicais (Pueraria phaseoloides, Neonotonia wightii, Calopogonium mucunoides, Macrotyloma axillare e Stylosanthes cv. Mineir?o) atrav?s das fezes de bovinos em pastagem j? estabelecida de Brachiaria decumbens. O primeiro experimento foi realizado em sistema de lota??o rotacionada, com 5 piquetes e 2 dias de ocupa??o. As sementes das cinco leguminosas foram oferecidas a cinco novilhas mesti?as (holand?s x zebu), pesando m?dia de 250 kg, misturadas ao concentrado no fim da tarde. Entre 12 e 30 horas ap?s a ingest?o das sementes era feita uma avalia??o a campo que consistia na marca??o com bambus de diversas cores do local das deje??es dos animais, diferenciando as esp?cies. Ap?s 73 dias de descanso foi realizada a primeira avalia??o quanto ao n?mero de plantas germinadas na ?rea experimental, sendo o Pueraria phaseoloides (kudzu tropical) a esp?cie que apresentou o melhor resultado, seguido pelo Macrotiloma axillare (macrotiloma) e Calopogonium mucunoides (calopog?nio). Ainda foi avaliada a persist?ncia ? seca, ap?s 266 dias de veda??o da pastagem, contabilizando o n?mero de plantas presentes no pasto. O melhor desempenho quanto ao n?mero m?dio de plantas ap?s a seca foi alcan?ado pelo macrotiloma, sendo seguida pelo calopog?nio. Quanto ? germina??o ap?s o per?odo de seca, das sementes implantadas no in?cio do experimento, o melhor resultado foi obtido pela soja perene, apesar da sua baixa contribui??o no per?odo de seca. O segundo experimento foi realizado apenas com sementes de macrotiloma devido ao bom resultado desta esp?cie quanto ? persist?ncia ? seca. Foram oferecidos a cinco novilhas 40g de sementes de macrotiloma; os animais permaneceram no piquete por 4 dias pastejando em sistema de lota??o rotacionada. Na primeira avalia??o deste experimento obteve-se uma m?dia de 215 plantas de macrotiloma na ?rea experimental. Na segunda avalia??o foi realizado o levantamento da composi??o bot?nica da pastagem, no qual o macrotiloma teve participa??o em 6,4% da ?rea experimental, com uma m?dia total de aproximadamente 380 plantas.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:33:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EmersonMS_DISSERT.pdf: 1373965 bytes, checksum: d9da3378b86fd6f02be4935771c8e49a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Dormancy is an inherent property of the seeds that define the environmental conditions in which they are able to germinate and their presence is an adaptive trait common in species inhabiting semiarid regions. Moreover, the ability of seedling establishment in these environments has been related to the size, strength and chemical characteristics of the seeds. This study investigated patterns of dormancy and germination speed in tree species of the Caatinga, exploring how the seed size influence the processes of germination, seedling size and biomass allocation. In addition, we aim to investigate the chemical characteristics of the reserves, to verify a possible relationship between nutritional content and the process of seed germination. Therefore, seeds were collected from ten species of woody Caatinga for tests of breaking dormancy, germination and biochemical characterization. Overall, the results show that the scarification treatments mechanical and chemical, and thermal shock influenced the percentage and speed of germination in 50 % of the species, suggesting that they have some level of physical dormancy in the seeds. Biochemical characterization showed the existence of large amounts of carbohydrates in the seeds of all species, low proportion of protein and low amounts of neutral lipids. Using linear regression, we demonstrated the existence of a significant relationship between seed size and the ratio of root/shoot where the largest seeds invested a greater amount of resources for shoot growth. The relationship between germination speed and non-reducing sugar content was also significant, so these compounds is related to the maintenance of physiological seed quality. These results confirm some relationships discussed in the literature for cultivated species, but can be applied to the species native to the Caatinga / A dorm?ncia ? uma propriedade inerente ?s sementes que definem as condi??es ambientais em que estas s?o capazes de germinar e sua presen?a ? uma caracter?stica adaptativa comum em esp?cies que habitam regi?es semi?ridas. Al?m disso, a capacidade de estabelecimento das pl?ntulas nesses ambientes tem sido relacionada ao tamanho, vigor e caracter?sticas qu?micas de suas sementes. O presente estudo pretende verificar padr?es de dorm?ncia e velocidade de germina??o (IVG) em esp?cies arb?reas da Caatinga, explorando como o tamanho da semente influenciaria os processos de germina??o, tamanho das pl?ntulas e a aloca??o de biomassa. Al?m disso, almeja-se investigar caracter?sticas qu?micas das reservas, verificando uma poss?vel rela??o entre seu conte?do nutricional e o processo de germina??o das sementes. Para tanto, foram coletadas sementes de dez esp?cies arb?reas da Caatinga para a realiza??o dos testes de supera??o da dorm?ncia, germina??o e caracteriza??o bioqu?mica. No geral, os resultados mostram que os tratamentos de escarifica??o mec?nica e qu?mica, al?m do choque t?rmico influenciaram positivamente a porcentagem e velocidade de germina??o em 50% das esp?cies, sugerindo que estas apresentam algum n?vel de dorm?ncia f?sica em suas sementes. A caracteriza??o bioqu?mica mostrou a exist?ncia de grande quantidade de carboidratos nas sementes de todas as esp?cies, baixa propor??o de prote?na, e baixa quantidade de lip?dios neutros. Com o uso de regress?es lineares, foi demonstrada a exist?ncia de rela??o significativa entre o tamanho da semente e a raz?o raiz/parte a?rea, onde sementes as maiores investiram uma maior quantidade de recursos para o crescimento da parte a?rea. A rela??o entre o IVG e o teor de a??cares n?o redutores tamb?m se mostrou significativa, de forma que estes compostos tem rela??o com a manuten??o da qualidade fisiol?gica das sementes. Estes resultados corroboram algumas rela??es discutidas na literatura para esp?cies cultivadas, mas que podem ser aplicadas ?s esp?cies nativas da Caatinga

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-27T13:32:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RenataKalineSouzaEstevam_TESE.pdf: 2591439 bytes, checksum: 8a5092689ed7b6122d0702466b33f854 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-31T13:43:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RenataKalineSouzaEstevam_TESE.pdf: 2591439 bytes, checksum: 8a5092689ed7b6122d0702466b33f854 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-31T13:43:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RenataKalineSouzaEstevam_TESE.pdf: 2591439 bytes, checksum: 8a5092689ed7b6122d0702466b33f854 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-27 / A flora??o ? um processo vital durante o ciclo de vida das plantas e ? marcado pela convers?o do meristema apical vegetativo em reprodutivo devido a intera??es de fatores internos e externos ? planta. Apesar de amplo conhecimento ter sido gerado nessa ?rea, ainda se conhece muito pouco sobre o processo de flora??o e frutifica??o em tomateiro. Pesquisas anteriores realizadas pelo nosso grupo identificaram o cDNA hom?logo a Prote?na Reprimida por Auxina (ARP) em bibliotecas subtrativas reprodutivas de tomateiro. Existem poucos dados sobre a prote?na ARP na literatura, h? relatos de que o gene ARP est? relacionado com a matura??o do fruto em morango, dorm?ncia da gema lateral em ervilha e matura??o do p?len em tabaco, mas a fun??o da prote?na ARP ainda n?o est? clara. Portanto, o intuito deste trabalho foi compreender o papel da prote?na ARP no desenvolvimento vegetativo e nos processos de flora??o e frutifica??o por meio da perda e/ou do ganho de fun??o deste cDNA em plantas transg?nicas de tomateiro contendo o cassete de superexpress?o em orienta??o senso e antissenso para este cDNA. Dessa forma, foram observadas algumas altera??es fenot?picas e estruturais nas plantas transg?nicas (35S::SlARP antissenso e senso), como flora??o e frutifica??o precoce verificada nas plantas 35S::SlARP antissenso nas gera??es T1 a T4, em rela??o ?s controles (transformada com o plasm?deo vazio e n?o transformada). Na an?lise histol?gica, notaram-se ?vulos maduros nas flores das plantas 35S::SlARP antissenso (gera??es T2 a T4), enquanto que as flores das controles n?o apresentaram ?vulos maduros no mesmo per?odo de tempo. Outra modifica??o observada foi o n?mero superior de gemas laterais desenvolvidas nas plantas 35S::SlARP antissenso nas gera??es T3 e T4 quando comparado ?s plantas 35S::SlARP senso e ?s plantas controles (transformada com o plasm?deo vazio e n?o transformada) . Essas produziram ramos com folhas, flores e frutos. Assim como altera??es estruturais nos pec?olos das plantas 35S::SlARP antissenso, incluindo uma aparente quantidade maior de elementos de vaso (xilema e floema) do que os pec?olos as plantas 35S::SlARP senso e mutantes relacionados ? sinaliza??o da auxina (dgt e entire) e plantas controles. Portanto, estes dados sugerem que a prote?na ARP possa estar envolvida na flora??o, frutifica??o e na dorm?ncia das gemas axilares em tomateiro. / Flowering is a vital process during the plant life cycle and it is characterized by the conversion from the vegetative apical meristem into reproductive meristem due to internal and external factors. Despite the considerable knowledge has been produced in this field, not much is known about the flowering and fruiting process in tomato. Furthermore, previous research from our group has identified a cDNA with homology to AUXIN REPRESSED PROTEIN (ARP) in reproductive subtractive libraries from tomato. In the literature, there are few reports where the ARP gene has been associated to fruit ripening in strawberry, dormancy in pea and pollen maturation in tobacco plants, but it is not clear the ARP protein function yet. Therefore, the aim of this work was to understand the role of ARP protein in vegetative development, flowering and fruit set processes through the loss and/or gain of function using this cDNA in transgenic tomato plants with the overexpression cassette constructs in sense and antisense cDNA orientation. Thus, it was observed some phenotypic and structural modifications in transgenic plants (35S::SlARP antisense and sense) such as early flowering and fruiting that was observed in 35S::SlARP antisense plants from the T1 to T4 progeny when compared to controls plants (with the empty vector and wild type plant). In the histological analysis, it was observed mature ovule in 35S::SlARP antisense flowers (progeny T2 to T4), while for the controls plant it wasn?t observed a mature ovule at the same period of time. The other modification observed was a higher number of lateral buds developed in 35S::SlARP antisense plants (progeny T3 and T4) when compared to 35S::SlARP sense and controls plants. These plants produced branches with leaves, flowers and fruits. Besides, it has been observed some structural changes in the petioles from 35S::SlARP antisense plants, including a high number of vessel elements (xylem and phloem) when compared to 35S::SlARP sense, and to dgt and entire mutants (related to auxin signaling) and controls plants (with empty vector and wild type plant). Therefore, these data suggest that ARP protein may be involved in flowering, fruit set and dormancy of axillary buds in tomato.