Texas A&M University (TAMU) supports a substantial breeding population of mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) with one of the highest nest densities in Texas. There has been a long history of mourning dove research on the TAMU Campus, with initial population studies conducted in the 1950’s, and the most recent studies occurring in the 1980’s. The TAMU Campus and surrounding areas have experienced substantial changes associated with urbanization and expansion over the last 50 years, altering mourning dove habitat on and around campus. The objective of this study was to examine mourning dove nesting and production in an urban setting and determine how microhabitat and landscape features affect nest-site selection and nest success. Specifically, I (1) examined trends in mourning dove nesting density and nest success on the TAMU Campus, and (2) identified important microhabitat and landscape features associated with nest-site selection and nesting success. Mourning dove nests were located by systematically searching potential nest sites on a weekly basis from the late-March through mid-September. Nests were monitored until they either failed or successfully fledged at least 1 young. A total of 778 nests was located and monitored on campus. All nest locations were entered into ArcView GIS. An equal number of nests were randomly generated in ArcView and assigned to non-nest trees to evaluate habitat variables associated with nest-site selection for mourning doves. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the significance of microhabitat and landscape variables to nest-site selection and nest success. Comparisons with data collected in 1950, 1978, and 1979 showed relatively similar nesting densities, but a significant decrease in nest success over time. A comparison of microhabitat features between actual nest trees and random locations (non-nest trees) indicated increasing values of tree diameter at breast height and tree species were important predictors of mourning dove nest-site selection. Landscape features found important in dove nest-site selection were proximity to open fields, roads, and buildings. Proximity to roads and buildings also were significant predictors of nest success. Combining significant microhabitat and landscape variables for nest-site selection increased the predictability of the model indicating a possible hierarchical nest-site selection strategy.

This thesis presents a critical analysis of the contemporary Islamic discourse of interfaith dialogue (IFD) founded on normative examinations of the Qur'an and hadith. Expanding from this baseline, theories of religious universalism and particularism are engaged as well as underlying themes of humanism, social stability, and acceptance of God's will. These are further placed along a Dove-Hawk framework to demonstrate the patterns underlying interpretations regarding the legitimacy of IFD in situations of conflict. It examines the writings and speeches of nine recent and contemporary Muslim intellectual-activists scholars. This analysis reveals a fragmented discourse, which is generally supportive of IFD, and indicates limits to the religious legitimization of IFD during Christian-Muslim hostilities.

No abstract available. / Thesis (LL.M.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1987.

Previous field studies of hunter-harvested mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) have reported lead (Pb) shot ingestion rates of 1 &ndash 6.5%. However, considerable uncertainty exists concerning mechanisms affecting pellet ingestion across different habitats. To reduce some of this uncertainty, an experiment was conducted to test the Pb shot ingestion rate of mourning doves on bare soil (typical of a managed dove field). Wild doves were trapped and held in captivity 5 &ndash 13 weeks prior to treatment. One week prior to treatment, a blood sample was taken from each bird before placement in open-bottomed treatment pens on a disked field. Each of 3 treatment groups of 80 birds was divided into 35 low density (1.5 million pellets/ha), 35 high density (29.5 million pellets/ha), and 10 control (0 pellets/ha) animals. Five positive control birds were gavage &ndash dosed with 2 Pb shot in trials 2 and 3. Pb shot and mixed seed were scattered uniformly on the loosely packed soil of their pens and birds were exposed for 4 days. Birds were x &ndash rayed post &ndash treatment on days 2 and 4 for the presence of Pb shot in the digestive system, and euthanized following the drawing of a blood sample on day 4. Overall, 2.9% of doves voluntarily ingested &ge 1 pellet. The shot ingestion rate for birds in the high density Pb treatment (4.9%) was not statistically different (P = 0.0977) from birds in the low density Pb treatment (1.0%). Pb concentrations in liver, kidneys, and blood reached maxima of 94.402, 346.033, and 13.883 ppm wet weight, respectively, and were statistically greater in birds that had ingested shot than in controls (P < 0.0083). Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity decreased by an average of 92.2% post-treatment as compared to pre-treatment in birds that had ingested shot, while increasing by 1.1% in control birds. Heterophil:lymphocyte ratio increased by 28.2% in birds that ingested shot as compared to 1.5% in controls, while packed cell volume decreased by 7.6% in birds that ingested shot and 0.6% in controls. No significant difference in weight among groups was observed post-treatment (P = 0.3131). If managers deem the number of mourning doves at risk of Pb shot ingestion unacceptable, some options are to ban Pb shot either on entire management areas or only on high shot deposition areas like dove fields, or to disk fields after dove hunting to reduce Pb shot availability.

In the middle of his career, Arthur Garfield Dove created a smell yet novel body of landscape assemblages. They illustrate Dove's central interest in evoking nature--its motifs and rhythms--through imaginative associations of organic and man-made materials. These works represent Dove's synthesis of contemporary European stylistic and intellectual ideas as well as American philosophies and concerns. They also reflect the influence of Alfred Stieglitz and his circle and the artist Helen Torr, Dove's second wife. This study examines how Dove used a complex interplay of European theory and technique, American ideas and his own nature-based abstract style to create the landscape assemblages, works that are uniquely independent in the history of American art.

Male ring doves ( Streptopelia risoria ) held on long days perform more nest-building than birds held on short days. This difference persists even if circulating androgen is maintained at similar levels in both groups by castration and treatment with exogenous testosterone. It therefore appears that daylength can alter nest-building through some means other than changes in gonadal androgen production. The experiments described in this thesis examined three mechanisms which might be responsible for the effect of daylength on male nest-building. The first series of experiments tested the hypothesis that nest-building activity is greater under long days as a result of increased aromatization of testosterone into estrogen. Castrated male doves were implanted with estradiol benzoate, testosterone propionate (TP), or a combination of TP and an aromatase inhibitor, ATD, and exposed to either long or short photoperiods. Males held under long days continued to build more actively, regardless of the type of hormone being used. The results thus indicate that differences in the rate of aromatization cannot account for the effect of photoperiod. In a second series of experiments an attempt was made to determine whether an increase in the production of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) under long daylengths stimulates nest-building, as a result of a synergism with testosterone. Long- and short-day castrated males were treated with exogenous TP or TP and LHRH to see if the influence of short daylengths could be reversed by LHRH. LHRH treatment had no effect on the nesting activity of either short- or long-day birds. Finally, several tests were performed which focussed on the role of the pineal gland. Removal of the pineal caused a decrease in nesting activity in long-day birds, but not in short-day birds. The effect of pinealectomy does not depend on the presence of the gonads, since the birds displayed similar responses following castration and testosterone treatment. In the second test, the ability, of pinealectomy to nullify the stimulatory influence of long daylengths was confirmed. In addition, injections of chicken pineal extract increased nest-building in pinealectomized and in short-day pineal-intact birds, suggesting that the pineal produces a substance which is capable of stimulating nesting activity. The identity of this substance is unknown. Pilot tests using melatonin failed to show any stimulatory effect of this compound on nesting behaviour. However, serotonin, which is also present in the pineal in high concentration, did increase nest-building in short-day pinealectomized males. These results indicate that in response to long daylengths the pineal gland of male doves releases a compound, possibly serotonin, which stimulates nest-building activity. / Science, Faculty of / Zoology, Department of / Graduate

This study examined attitudes and behavioral responses to a social marketing campaign's video messages. Independent variables in the study were the regulatory framing of the campaign message, personal involvement, and collective efficacy. Results revealed main effects of both collective efficacy and personal involvement on attitude toward the brand, attitude toward the issues, and behavioral intentions. Significant interactions between collective efficacy and the regulatory frame of the video were found to affect the dependent variables. Gender was also found to significantly moderate the findings. Theoretical implications and practical implications are discussed. / Master of Arts

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:44:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 3259912 bytes, checksum: a08d83dd3387a6a6692951cbf093f26e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Women still hold the majority in the pursuit of the aesthetic ideal. The imposition of standards of beauty is a social problem in which maximizes the prejudice and discrimination of those who do not fit these parameters. The standards of beauty and fashion are often unreal, because they suggest a beauty that women are unable to achieve naturally. The standards are unreal because they are created or modified by technologies, computer graphics programs, etcetera. In the same way that discourses are situated and constructed socio-historically, the standards of beauty are as well, so time has a great influence in changing these patterns. Therefore, because there is no concept of absolute and universal beauty, it submits to the current culture and society. The "different body", the one that does not fit into the imposed standards, is rarely portrayed in advertising. Hence, the company Unilever, which owns the Dove brand, used the "different body" as a marketing strategy in one of its advertising campaigns. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine: how the "different body" was portrayed in such campaign, as it used ordinary women, and also featured narratives of these models. Understanding that advertising as a powerful mass media can promote models of identification and behavior, and may strengthen or break stereotypes, this work seeks to analyze: how "different body" was portrayed in such publicity, both in verbal and imagistic mode; which potentially ideological meanings articulated from the discourses; and if the discourses reinforce or negate the current aesthetic standards. Our analytical work is grounded in two theories: Textual analysis for social research by Norman Fairclough (2003) and the Visual Grammar by Kress and van Leeuwen (1996), which assisted in textual and multimodal analysis, respectively. We emphasize that the purpose of this paper is a critical analysis that aims to encourage reading and critical interpretation of discourses, especially from the media, since the discourses are invested with ideologies. We concluded in the advertisements analyzed, the images and narratives were used as strategies to sell their products, and the debate initially proposed by Dove had the intention to break stereotypes, yet in fact did not succeed in the end. The "different body" was portrayed as the imperfect body, as inverse to the ideal body. / A imposição de padrões de beleza é um problema social que potencializa o preconceito e a discriminação daqueles que não se enquadram nesses parâmetros. Os padrões de moda e beleza vigentes são muitas vezes irreais, pois propõem uma beleza que as mulheres não conseguem atingir naturalmente, pois são criados ou modificados por tecnologias, programas de computação gráfica, etc. Da mesma maneira que os discursos são situados e construídos sócio-historicamente, os padrões de beleza também o são. Dessa forma, tempo e época exercem grande influência na mudança desses padrões. Portanto, não existe conceito de beleza absoluto e universal, pois submete-se à cultura e à sociedade envolvida. O corpo diferente , aquele que foge dos padrões impostos, raramente é retratado no cenário publicitário. Por isso, a empresa de cosméticos e de produtos de higiene pessoal Unilever, detentora da marca Dove, utilizou tal tipo de corpo como estratégia em uma de suas campanhas publicitárias. A campanha intitulada Dove Real Beleza iniciou-se em 2004, não somente em mídias virtuais, mas também impressa (revistas semanais). Entendendo que a publicidade é uma mídia de massa poderosa capaz de promover modelos de identificação e de comportamento, que pode reforçar ou quebrar estereótipos, esse trabalho busca analisar: como o corpo diferente foi retratado na referida publicidade, tanto no modo verbal quanto imagético e quais os sentidos potencialmente ideológicos são articulados nos discursos, e se esses reforçam ou refutam os padrões estéticos vigentes. Nesse intento, nosso trabalho de análise é pautado nas teorias: Análise de Discurso Textualmente Orientada de Norman Fairclough (2003) e na Gramática do Design Visual de Kress e van Leeuwen (2006 [1996]), que auxiliaram na análise textual e multimodal, respectivamente. A proposta deste trabalho é incentivar a leitura e interpretação crítica dos discursos, principalmente os midiáticos, já que estes são altamente ideológicos. Percebeu-se que o debate inicialmente proposto pela Dove para quebra de estereótipos de fato não ocorre, pois há discursos normatizadores que determinam que os sujeitos precisam cuidar de si, cuidar do corpo, para se encaixarem nos padrões. O corpo diferente foi retratado ainda como antônimo ao corpo ideal.

The purpose of this paper is to understand and criticize the representation of women in advertisements. I examine the opposing yet similar ways that women are portrayed in Dove and Axe advertisements, two brands of Unilever. This paper analyzes the way in which brands market their products in such a way to appeal to a gendered audience. I also explore the history of how women have been depicted in art movements such as Surrealism, detournement and culture jamming, corresponding with my project of digital mixed media advertisements. I examine the way in which the prevalence of the male gaze in the media hinders progression to a less dependent, inferior, and sexualized view of women in advertising.

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