I dagens samhälle ser vi att kvantiteten av kriser ökar. Små och medelstora företag är den kategori av företag som drabbas värst och därav har intresset för entreprenöriell resiliens inom forskning ökat. Kunskapen kring entreprenöriell resiliens i små och medelstora företag är fragmenterad och illa definierad. Syftet med denna studie är att utveckla förståelsen om entreprenöriell resiliens genom att studera de aktiviteter små och medelstora företag inom detaljhandeln i Skaraborg genomför på grund av en finansiell konjunkturnedgång. Studien ämnar bidra med förståelse och förklaring av de aktiviteter företag arbetar med för att skapa entreprenöriell resiliens i små och medelstora företag inför och under en finansiell konjunkturnedgång. Studien har genomförts genom ostrukturerade intervjuer med företagsledare i små och medelstora företag inom detaljhandeln. Studien visar vikten av både preventivt och adaptivt arbete för att stärka motståndskraften i små och medelstora företag inför och under en konjunkturnedgång. Studien belyser också vikten av erfarenhet och lärande inom organisationen vilket utgör en grund för företagens arbete med entreprenöriell resiliens. Studien indikerar hur erfarenhet av tidigare hantering av konjunkturnedgångar påverkar dagens aktiviteter i företaget. Undersökningens resultat visar att entreprenöriell resiliens är en ständigt pågående process. / In today's society, we observe an increasing number of crises. Small and medium-sized enterprises are the business category most adversely affected, which is why interest in researching entrepreneurial resilience has grown. However, knowledge about entrepreneurial resilience in small and medium-sized enterprise remains fragmented and poorly defined. The purpose of this study is to enhance our understanding of entrepreneurial resilience by studying the activities of small and medium-sized enterprises within the retail sector in Skaraborg due to a financial economic downturn. The study aims to contribute to our comprehension and explanation of the strategies employed by companies to foster entrepreneurial resilience before and during such downturns. The study employed unstructured interviews with business leaders from small and medium-sized enterprises in the retail sector. The findings underscore the significance of both preventive and adaptive measures in strengthening the resilience of enterprises prior to and during economic downturns. Additionally, the study emphasizes the value of experience and organizational learning as foundations for companies' efforts to cultivate entrepreneurial resilience. The study indicates that past experiences of managing economic downturns influence present-day activities within companies. The survey results demonstrate that entrepreneurial resilience is an ongoing process.

The property market has experienced rising property values over a long period, resulting in lower yield requirements. In the spring of 2022, a war in Ukraine began that would unbalance the global financial system, resulting in high inflation and rising interest rates that significantly impacted the property market, the transaction volume fell, and prices began to fall. As a result, we wanted to understand better how directly owned real estate funds operating in Sweden are acting in their investment strategies in the face of a coming economic downturn. The report mainly used qualitative data collection, where 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted over five weeks. The results were collected and summarised together with the theory and literature review. The conclusion clarified that directly owned real estate funds operating in Sweden do not change their investment strategies significantly in the face of an upcoming economic downturn. The same applies to their investment parameters. The majority had raised capital before the shift in the market and thus committed to investing the capital according to the strategy set at that time. In contrast, real estate funds consider property segments that follow macroeconomic trends with a defensive nature as most desirable in the face of a coming economic downturn. / Fastighetsmarknaden har under en lång period upplevt stigande fastighetsvärden som resulterat i lägre avkastningskrav. Under våren 2022 inleddes ett krig i Ukraina som skulle sätta det globala finansiella systemet ur balans, vilket resulterade i hög inflation och stigande räntor som satte stor prägel på fastighetsmarknaden, transaktionsvolymen föll och fastighetspriserna började falla. Det resulterade i att vi ville få en större förståelse över hur direktägande fastighetsfonder med verksamhet i Sverige agerar i sina investeringsstrategier inför en kommande lågkonjunktur. Rapporten använde främst kvalitativ informationsinsamling där det genomfördes 16 semistrukturerade intervjuer under en femveckorsperiod. Resultaten samlades in och sammanställdes tillsammans med framförda teorier från litteraturgenomgången. Slutsatsen klargjorde att direktägande fastighetsfonder med verksamhet i Sverige inte ändrar sina investeringsstrategier avsevärt inför en kommande lågkonjunktur, detsamma gäller för deras investerings parametrar. Majoriteten har rest kapital innan skiftet på marknaden och därav ålagt sig att investera kapitalet utifrån strategin som sattes då. Däremot är det tydligt att fastighetsfonderna i sin helhet anser fastighetssegment som följer makroekonomiska trender med defensiv karaktär som mest önskvärda inför en kommande lågkonjunktur.

The length and depth of the Great Recession of 2008 provides an opportunity to examine the policy behavior of local governments unlike any window since the 1930's post Depression era. Utilizing Peterson's (1981) City Limits typology as a framework for local government policy allows for an evaluation of whether or not the economic downturn caused local governments to change their relative expenditures between policy categories. The City Limits typology has been widely used in the literature to explain how expenditures define a local government's role in economic development. The typology has had limited use in a pre-post natural experimental research design to determine if a local government has 'shifted' policy priorities as measured by changes in expenditures among and between policy categories. This research design and the use Peterson's framework combine for a study that has not yet been conducted under similar conditions. Most of the existing literature, including the research from the 1980's, failed to account for inter-state differences that directly affect local government expenditures and policy. Concentrating solely on Florida local governments, this study eliminates the confounding nature of a national study and ensures that the unit of analysis is comparable for research purposes. The study utilizes actual expenditure data for all cities and counties in Florida from FY2006 through FY2011. The research tests for the relationships between changes in policy priorities from pre- to post-recession, and the type of government, form of government, and various socio-economic factors. The research contributes to a new body of knowledge that is just beginning to emerge in the literature about how local governments respond to periods of extreme fiscal stress. The findings suggest that cities and counties had an inverse response from pre- to post-recession with cities shifting toward developmental expenditures and counties prioritizing allocational spending. Differences were also found between forms of government. In addition, the density of population was found to contribute differently to shifts in expenditures for cities and counties. The study identifies emerging patterns that can help local governments understand past behavior and better anticipate future economic downturns.