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No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Luciana Calil Samora de Moraes - 2014.pdf: 2352150 bytes, checksum: fb38907e47d4bb3267ea7647c1c508b7 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-27 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The Drugstores are places of great relevance because of services and products they make available to the community. The non-following of the sanitary laws and regulations which the drugstores are subject to can compromise the quality of services and products offered and harm the overall community health in which they are placed. It is responsibility of the Normative Institutions which oversight and regulate the sector to promote information and knowledge of the rules all the sector must abide to. The objective of this Study was to survey the drugstores in order to have a clear understanding of the main non-conformities and their causes. This way educational campaigns can be prepared to promote a better understanding and following of the legislation, and serve as a model for future actions of the Health Surveillance. The method of the Study consisted in analyzing 71 Intervention Cases related to Drugstores in the city of Goiania-GO that occurred between October of 2012 and October of 2013 analyzing the Before and After of these interventions. The Study was developed in three phases. 1º- check up of the level of obedience to the Sanitary Legislation by the Drugstores in Goiania. In order to raise information of the main irregularities, the demographics and social aspect, as well as the professional qualification of the Technician legally responsible for the Drugstore. 2º- promotion of Educational Workshops destined for the legally Responsible Technicians of the Drugstores participating in the study. 3º- overall evaluation of the Educational Initiative. The main non-conformities encountered were: lack of individual protection equipment(IPE´s) in 70,4% of the places and lack of Standard Operational Procedures(SOP) for discharge and use of IPE´s in 60,6%. Of the establishments that worked with prescription medicines of special control 37,3% were not sending the files to the ANVISA(National Oversight Sanitary Regulations Agency) accordingly. There were found erasures or lack of filling in 37,3% of the Drugstores surveyed in the study, and about 50% of the blanks on the forms, where filling was mandatory, were not properly filled , specially in regarding to antimicrobial medicine. The Educational Initiative was considered satisfactory when judging the reaction to the trainings and also the post training job performance. In regarding to learning, the right answers in the pre-test(before the training) were 271(61,18%) out of 450 questions, and in the post-test (after the training) were 368(81,78%) out of 450 questions evaluated. The study revealed the Drugstores in Goiania show many nonconformities in regarding to the sanitary legislation some of them of great sanitary risk to the community. The educational initiative in this study had a satisfactory reaction and there was a positive reaction to the application of what was learned. Also positive was the skills improvement of the technicians who participated in the Educational Initiative which shows the importance of such actions in order to promote knowledge on the nation´s Sanitary Regulations. / As drogarias são locais de grande relevância na oferta de produtos e serviços de saúde à comunidade. O não cumprimento das legislações sanitárias pertinentes ao setor de drogarias pode comprometer a qualidade dos produtos e serviços ofertados e causar prejuízos à saúde da população. Além de ações punitivas, cabe aos órgãos responsáveis pela regulamentação e fiscalização destes estabelecimentos, a promoção de informações e conhecimentos que auxiliem no cumprimento das legislações. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de realizar o levantamento das principais irregularidades em relação às legislações sanitárias nas drogarias de Goiânia e aplicar e avaliar uma ação educativa destinada aos responsáveis por estes estabelecimentos, com objetivo de promover melhorias no cumprimento das legislações sanitárias voltadas à regulamentação das drogarias e servir de modelo para ações futuras da Vigilância Sanitária. Foi realizado, no período de outubro de 2012 a outubro de 2013, um estudo de intervenção do tipo antes e depois junto a 71 drogarias localizadas na cidade de Goiânia-Goiás, desenvolvido em três etapas: 1ª) Diagnóstico sobre o cumprimento das legislações sanitárias pertinentes às drogarias de Goiânia, com o levantamento das principais irregularidades e do perfil sócio demográfico e profissiográfico dos responsáveis técnicos e/ou legais dos estabelecimentos. 2ª) Aplicação de uma ação educativa destinada aos responsáveis técnicos e/ou legais das drogarias inseridas no estudo, tomando como base informações obtidas a partir da fase do diagnóstico e 3ª) avaliação da ação educativa. Os resultados revelaram que as principais irregularidades encontradas na fase do diagnóstico foram: Falta de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI´s) em 70,4% dos estabelecimentos e falta de Procedimento Operacional Padrão (POP) para uso e descartes de EPI´s em 60,6%. Dos estabelecimentos que trabalhavam com medicamentos sob controle especial 37,3% estavam com o envio dos arquivos para a Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária - ANVISA desatualizados. Foram verificadas rasuras ou campos sem preenchimento das receitas de 37,3% das drogarias e aproximadamente 50% dos estabelecimentos apresentaram problemas relacionados ao preenchimento dos campos obrigatórios para a dispensação de medicamentos antimicrobianos. A ação educativa realizada foi avaliada de forma satisfatória em níveis de reação e dos efeitos da ação no trabalho, na perspectiva dos treinados. Na avaliação da aprendizagem, o número de acertos no pré-teste foi de 271 itens (61,78%) e no pós-teste de 368 (81,78%) de um total de 450 itens avaliados. O diagnóstico inicial realizado demonstrou que as drogarias de Goiânia apresentam várias irregularidades em relação à legislação sanitária pertinente, sendo algumas de grande risco sanitário. A ação educativa realizada teve uma resposta de reação satisfatória ao treinamento e um efeito positivo quanto à aplicação dos conhecimentos adquiridos no trabalho e o questionário para avaliar a aprendizagem demonstrou que houve ganho de conhecimento por parte dos profissionais participantes da ação, reforçando a importância destas ferramentas como forma de atualização e disseminação do conhecimento e estímulo ao atendimento às normas preconizadas pela legislação sanitária do nosso país.

M.S.

M.S.

The objective of the study was to augment important findings from a 1996 statewide survey of Indiana pharmacists regarding their opinions and practices related to the sale of cigarettes and alcohol in pharmacies. More specifically, this study was designed (1) to determine opinions and practices of Kentucky pharmacists' related to the sale of cigarettes and alcohol; (2) compare these findings with results from the Indiana study; and (3) to gather information on health promotion activities by Kentucky pharmacists. A structured survey questionnaire was designed and reviewed by a jury of experts and subsequently administered to half of the 1182 pharmacies in Kentucky. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.Findings reveal that 45% of responding pharmacists sell cigarettes in their stores although 88% think their stores should not sell cigarettes. Approximately 34% of pharmacies in non-dry counties sell alcoholic beverages while more than four-fifths of the pharmacists (81%) think pharmacies should not sell alcoholic beverages. After adjusting by type of pharmacy, no statistical difference was found in retail-chain pharmacy sales of cigarettes and alcohol in either Kentucky or Indiana. However, independent pharmacies in Kentucky were less likely to sell cigarettes and alcohol compared to independent Indiana pharmacies. Study results also revealed that most pharmacists agree the use of cigarettes and alcohol are important causes of morbidity and pre-mature mortality and that pharmacists should play a role in health promotion and disease prevention through their relationship with the public. / Department of Physiology and Health Science

In South Africa, the small business sector has been identified as a sector that is not performing optimally. In a turbulent environment, this type of small business profile is magnified. Therefore, it is important to examine mechanisms through which the performance of this sector can be enhanced. Dynamic capabilities have emerged as a strategic tool of the highest order in terms of firm management and strengthening these capabilities is a key concern for firms that operate in a turbulent environment. Dynamic capabilities are described as the processes required to reconfigure existing resources into new functional competencies. Therefore, this study investigated the strategic processes of small businesses and developed a new strategic model and theory to illustrate and elucidate intervention mechanisms and strategies to strengthen the dynamic capabilities of these small businesses. Methodology: The retail community pharmacy sector was chosen as a model sector for this study since it is a sector that comprises mainly of small businesses and it is currently experiencing environmental turbulence. The methodology followed an initial exploratory, qualitative approach followed by a formal, empirical, quantitative approach. The research questionnaire was derived after ensuring that content validity, criterion related validity, construct validity and reliability criteria were met. This questionnaire was administered to a sample of 477 out of a population of 2549 small businesses in the retail community pharmacy sector, using an unrestricted, simple, random, probability sampling approach. As a consequence of having received 130 completed questionnaires, the results obtained in this study were expressed at the 95% confidence level with a confidence interval of 0.08. Results and Discussion: From a gap analysis of the level of importance of dynamic capabilities and their extent of implementation, seven dynamic capabilities whose implementation can be enhanced by an alteration of the management importance perception of them, were extracted. These capabilities revolve around staff reward, well-being, empowerment and education and training, as well as the abilities of the small business leadership to sense the environment and opportunities while being sensitive to stakeholder needs. Through a consolidation of the results of the gap analysis, a model for the initiation and the sustaining of innovative resource reconfigurations was developed. Conclusion: For the management practice setting, this study�s findings suggest that the dynamic capabilities of small firms operating in a turbulent environment can be enhanced and strengthened by the employment of the model developed by this study. From a management education perspective, this study�s findings also suggest that the employment of specific and focussed management education that revolves around the seven identified processes will enable not only the initiating phase of the proposed model but will also provide a multiplier effect in the model since management capability is also part of the general resource base of the firm. This study thus proposes the use of these management practice and educational approaches to strengthen and enhance the dynamic capabilities of small businesses operating in a turbulent environment. / Graduate School of Business Leadership / D. BL.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Vilanova Germano.pdf: 2685357 bytes, checksum: 7405a33ba7d22d4b92a4bfe08d73c619 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-17 / Over the past decades, consumers and consumer goods suppliers have been more and more under the influence of the environment where the purchase decision takes place, the store. On the other hand, brands are considered, nowadays, one of the most important and valuable assets one institution can have. Through a solid and established brand, it is possible to attribute unique associations to products, reducing the focus on the price, in the shopping decision moment, as well as being a way to facilitate consumers choice. This work has the general objective of studying the influence of the marketing activities in the point of sales for building and positioning brands, discussing if managers work these activities focusing on maximizing the brand value, building and managing its brand equity. The study has been done through a exploratory research and empirical verification, which evaluation instruments were applied in a brand manager from the category studied and in consumers who shop in drugstores. The results obtained with the research showed that the point of sales has a function of impact in the brand management work. Even though its commercial aspect and short term, brand managers need to consider point of sales activities as a strategic element in the value generation and brand equity managing process of a brand. So, given its relevance, it is important managers ongoing evaluation about the point of sales activities their brands perform, in order to verify if they are in accordance to the brand positioning and relationship desired to be established with consumers / Nas últimas décadas, os consumidores e os fornecedores dos produtos de bens de consumo passaram a estar cada vez mais sob as influências do ambiente onde o processo decisório de compra é realizado, a loja. Por outro lado, as marcas são consideradas atualmente, um dos patrimônios mais importantes e valiosos que uma instituição pode ter. Por meio de uma marca sólida e estabelecida, é possível atribuir associações únicas à produtos, reduzindo o foco do preço no momento de decisão da compra, como também ser um meio de facilitar a escolha dos consumidores. Este trabalho tem por objetivo geral estudar a influência das ações de marketing no PDV para a construção e o posicionamento de marcas, discutindo se os gestores trabalham essas ações com o foco em maximizar o valor da marca, construindo e administrando o seu brand equity. O estudo foi realizado por meio de uma pesquisa exploratória e verificação empírica, cujos instrumentos de avaliação foram aplicados no gestor de uma marca da categoria estudada e em seus consumidores que realizam compras em lojas de farmácia. Os resultados obtidos com a pesquisa mostraram que o PDV tem uma função de impacto no trabalho de gestão de marcas. Apesar do aspecto comercial e de curto prazo, os gestores de marca precisam considerar as ações de PDV como um elemento estratégico no processo de geração de valor e administração do brand equity de uma marca. Portanto, dada a sua relevância, é importante a avaliação contínua dos gestores quanto aos trabalhos de PDV que suas marcas realizam, verificando se os mesmos estão de acordo com o posicionamento e o relacionamento que se pretende estabelecer com seus consumidores

In South Africa, the small business sector has been identified as a sector that is not performing optimally. In a turbulent environment, this type of small business profile is magnified. Therefore, it is important to examine mechanisms through which the performance of this sector can be enhanced. Dynamic capabilities have emerged as a strategic tool of the highest order in terms of firm management and strengthening these capabilities is a key concern for firms that operate in a turbulent environment. Dynamic capabilities are described as the processes required to reconfigure existing resources into new functional competencies. Therefore, this study investigated the strategic processes of small businesses and developed a new strategic model and theory to illustrate and elucidate intervention mechanisms and strategies to strengthen the dynamic capabilities of these small businesses. Methodology: The retail community pharmacy sector was chosen as a model sector for this study since it is a sector that comprises mainly of small businesses and it is currently experiencing environmental turbulence. The methodology followed an initial exploratory, qualitative approach followed by a formal, empirical, quantitative approach. The research questionnaire was derived after ensuring that content validity, criterion related validity, construct validity and reliability criteria were met. This questionnaire was administered to a sample of 477 out of a population of 2549 small businesses in the retail community pharmacy sector, using an unrestricted, simple, random, probability sampling approach. As a consequence of having received 130 completed questionnaires, the results obtained in this study were expressed at the 95% confidence level with a confidence interval of 0.08. Results and Discussion: From a gap analysis of the level of importance of dynamic capabilities and their extent of implementation, seven dynamic capabilities whose implementation can be enhanced by an alteration of the management importance perception of them, were extracted. These capabilities revolve around staff reward, well-being, empowerment and education and training, as well as the abilities of the small business leadership to sense the environment and opportunities while being sensitive to stakeholder needs. Through a consolidation of the results of the gap analysis, a model for the initiation and the sustaining of innovative resource reconfigurations was developed. Conclusion: For the management practice setting, this study�s findings suggest that the dynamic capabilities of small firms operating in a turbulent environment can be enhanced and strengthened by the employment of the model developed by this study. From a management education perspective, this study�s findings also suggest that the employment of specific and focussed management education that revolves around the seven identified processes will enable not only the initiating phase of the proposed model but will also provide a multiplier effect in the model since management capability is also part of the general resource base of the firm. This study thus proposes the use of these management practice and educational approaches to strengthen and enhance the dynamic capabilities of small businesses operating in a turbulent environment. / Graduate School of Business Leadership / D. BL.

The fundamental purpose of this thesis was to determine how effective is the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to predict and explain shopping for embarrassing products in single and multi-channel. This is important because multi-channel consumers buy more, the question is why (Neslin, Grewal et al. 2006). The question was answered by comparing consumer behaviour in three different channels: drugstore, internet and multi-channel. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) has been successful to predict intentions for a wide variety of products and behaviours. However, little is known about how effective it is when the behaviour under study is influenced by the emotion of embarrassment. Similarly, the TPB is parsimonious and has a good predictive power; nevertheless, this thesis identified that the TPB could be more effective if it considered: (1) the role of positive and negative emotions (2) other determinants of choice like personality and demographics (3) variables that are useful to make marketing decisions like the synergistic effect of brands, retailers and channels (4) variables that explain consumer response like approach and avoidance. To provide a comprehensive theoretical framework that is able to understand single and multi-channel, this thesis integrated the TPB within the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) framework. To evaluate the proposed model, the study used a context and target product that resonated with the theory: the purchase of Regaine (a hair loss product that is embarrassing to buy) in Boots (a well-known UK. multi-channel drugstore). The embarrassing nature of Regaine created differences in the importance that variables play in each channel. The results were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and the three shopping environments were compared using multi-group analysis (MGA). The effectiveness of the TPB was improved. The variance explained (R² to intention) was 73 percent for the drugstore, 67 percent for the internet and 54 percent for multi-channel. However, subjective norm (SN) was the only factor that achieved significance for the three shopping environments. Personality and demographic factors had a low but significant moderating effect on intention. This thesis built on a series of contributions in different areas, such as the TPB, attitudes, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, embarrassing products, multi-channel, marketing, emotions, personality and demographics. Future research should expand this thesis to other embarrassing products, industries and social media settings.

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

La Gestión de la Cadena de Suministro, ha tomado un gran desafío en la crisis sanitaria global al tener que adaptarse a nuevas circunstancias del entorno mundial, provocando que las compañías tengan que responder ágilmente a diferentes retos; a esta realidad se suma la importancia de la Tecnología de la Información y Comunicación como aliado clave para el desarrollo de procesos, mitigando así el impacto ocasionado por la COVID-19. La presente investigación busca identificar la relación de la Tecnología de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) y la Gestión de la Cadena de Suministro, así como su nivel de aplicación en las empresas importadoras de dispositivos médicos. En el primer capítulo, se desarrolla el marco teórico, antecedentes y bases teóricas que aborda la descripción de las variables, sustentos que apoyan a la investigación. En el segundo capítulo, se detalla la problemática y las hipótesis de la investigación. El tercer capítulo se detalla la metodología utilizada que este caso es un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo aplicada, con alcance correlacional, diseño no experimental – transversal; la técnica utilizada para la recolección de datos es una encuesta con escala de Likert; la población lo conforman los representantes de las droguerías importadoras, siendo 54 MYPE la muestra de investigación. En el cuarto capítulo se presentan los resultados, se realiza un análisis de datos con el apoyo del software SPSS y la confiabilidad del Alfa de Cronbach. Finalmente, en el quinto capítulo se presentan las conclusiones y recomendaciones. De esta manera, bajo los resultados obtenidos, se puede afirmar que existe relación entre la TIC y la Gestión de la Cadena de Suministro. / Supply Chain Management has taken on a great challenge in the global health crisis by having to adapt to new circumstances of the global environment, causing companies to have to respond quickly to different challenges; to this reality is added the importance of Information and Communication Technology as a key ally for the development of processes, thus mitigating the impact caused by the COVID-19. This research seeks to identify the relationship between Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Supply Chain Management as well as its level of application in medical device importing companies. The first chapter, the theoretical frame of reference, background and theoretical bases are developed to describe the variables that support the research. The second chapter details the problems and hypotheses of the research. The third chapter details the methodology used, which in this case is a quantitative approach, applied, with correlational scope, non-experimental - transversal design; the technique used for data collection is a survey with a Likert scale; the population is made up of representatives of importing drugstores, with 54 small and medium-sized companies as the research sample. The fourth chapter presents the results, a data analysis with the support of SPSS software and the reliability of Cronbach's Alpha. Finally, the fifth chapter presents the conclusions and recommendations. In this way, based on the results obtained, it can be affirmed that there is a relationship between ICT and Supply Chain Management. / Tesis