As organizações estão expostas a uma quantidade e variabilidade cada vez mais crescente de informações. A capacidade de se antecipar às tendências e se adequar ao ambiente passa a ser, além de fonte de vantagem competitiva, fator necessário para a sobrevivência. Nessa realidade, organizações frequentemente apresentam dificuldades de leitura de seu ambiente e adaptação ao meio. Acredita-se na necessidade de desenvolvimento de uma capacidade interna da organização para que o monitoramento do ambiente se estabeleça, bem como análise de oportunidades, planejamento de ações de melhoria e reconfiguração da organização. Este estudo buscou verificar a relação da Inteligência - enquanto processo de monitoramento do ambiente - como uma Capacidades Dinâmica, e de como esta pode contribuir com a geração de vantagem competitiva. Criou-se um modelo de pesquisa, utilizando-se dos modelos de Rios (2010) e Teece (2014), relacionando os conceitos de Inteligência e Capacidade Dinâmicas, e estas com a Vantagem Competitiva. Por meio de um questionário, realizou-se uma Pesquisa Survey, onde coletaram-se respostas de funcionários e/ou sócio de empresas brasileiras, independente de porte ou segmento. Para análise, utilizou-se da Modelagem de Equações Estruturais, e foi possível demonstrar que a Inteligência influencia positivamente nas Capacidades Dinâmicas do sub-grupo Transforming, na Estratégia e na Vantagem Competitiva. Dessa forma o modelo desenvolvido, tendo apresentado boa confiabilidade e aderência, pode também ser validado. / Organizations are exposed to an increasing amount and variability of information. The ability to anticipate trends and adapt to the environment becomes, besides a source of competitive advantage, a necessary factor for survival. In this reality, organizations frequently present difficulties in reading their environment and adapting to them. We believe in the need to develop an internal capacity of the organization for the monitoring of the environment to be established, as well as analysis of opportunities, planning of actions of improvement and reconfiguration of the organization. This study sought to verify the relationship of Intelligence - as a process of monitoring the environment - as a Dynamic Capabilities, and how this can contribute to the generation of competitive advantage. A research model was created, using the models of Rios (2010) and Teece (2014), relating the concepts of Dynamic Intelligence and Capacity, and these with the Competitive Advantage. By means of a questionnaire, a Survey Research was conducted, where responses were collected from employees and / or partners of Brazilian companies, regardless of size or segment. For the analysis, it was used the Modeling of Structural Equations, and it was possible to demonstrate that the Intelligence influences positively in the Dynamic Capacities of the Transforming subgroup, in the Strategy and the Competitive Advantage. In this way the developed model, having presented good reliability and adhesion, can also be validated.

Encontrar as razões que tornam as firmas bem-sucedidas em meio à grande competição está constantemente entre as motivações da agenda de pesquisa em administração. Capacidades e capacidades dinâmicas são frequentemente os termos utilizados na literatura para descrever, respectivamente, o que as firmas estão aptas a fazer e como elas buscam e implementam mudanças e inovações para criar e sustentar vantagem competitiva. Assim, é importante compreender de que forma as firmas se tornam capazes e quais são os diferentes caminhos para inovação. Porém os termos capacidades e inovação possuem ambigüidades. Segundo a literatura, as capacidades das firmas estão relacionadas às suas rotinas, um dos conceitos centrais da teoria evolucionária de Nelson e Winter (1982). Já a inovação é tratada, geralmente, sob a perspectiva de mudanças tecnológicas em produtos e processos, porém o conceito pode envolver outras perspectivas. O presente trabalho, a partir de um estudo de casos múltiplos, buscou verificar a relação existente entre rotinas, capacidades e inovação em duas empresas do setor vitivinícola gaúcho. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um esquema analítico que integra a teoria de inovação de Schumpeter (1997), bem como a teoria econômica evolucionária de Nelson e Winter (1982). Ademais, foi traçada uma evolução histórica do setor, visando compreender de que forma a indústria do vinho se desenvolveu e como se dá a competição nesse setor nos tempos atuais. As empresas escolhidas, situadas no Vale dos Vinhedos, na Serra Gaúcha, representam duas abordagens diferentes de competição e de busca por mudança e inovação observadas no setor do vinho mundial. De um lado, uma empresa de pequeno porte orientada por uma estratégia de produção e comercialização menos dinâmica, voltada para nicho semelhante às estratégias observadas nos países do Velho Mundo; de outro, uma empresa de grande porte que segue estratégias de produção e comercialização com forte orientação para o mercado, inovação e tecnologia semelhantes às estratégias frequentemente observadas em países produtores do Novo Mundo. O trabalho identificou e analisou as capacidades de Produção, Marketing e Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de ambas as empresas por meio de uma visão baseada em rotinas, assim como os tipos de inovações implementadas pela empresa ao longo de sua trajetória. Os resultados mostram que, embora o vinho seja uma das mais antigas bebidas do mundo com tradição – a qual exerce um papel importante na forma como o produto é elaborado e consumido – e as empresas estudadas concorram com dinâmicas diferentes, o desenvolvimento de capacidades e a busca por tipos diferentes de mudança e inovação foram necessários em ambos os casos para obter distinção no mercado. / Finding the reasons that make firms successful in a competitive environment are among the most common motivations in the business research agenda. Capabilities and dynamic capabilities are often the terms used in the literature to describe respectively what firms can do and how they seek and implement change and innovation to create and sustain competitive advantage. In this sense, it is relevant to understand how firms develop their capabilities and what are the different ways they can search for change and innovation. On the other hand, both terms capability and innovation show ambiguities in the literature. This work observes that concept of capability is closely related to the term ‗routine‘ which is one of the central concepts of the evolutionary theory of economic change. Innovation is generally treated under the perspective of technological changes in products and process, but the concept involves other perspectives. Through multiple case studies in two firms, the present dissertation aims at verifying the relations among routines, capabilities and innovation in the vitiviniculture industry in Rio Grande do Sul. In order to do that, it was necessary to build an analytical framework integrating the Schumpeterian theory of innovation as well as Nelson and Winter‘s evolutionary theory of economic change. It was traced back a brief historical evolution of the wine sector to understand its development and how competition occurs in the present. The two specific cases represent two different approaches to competition and search for change and innovation observed in the wine industry. On the one side a large and very market oriented firm, and on the other, a small very niche oriented winery. This work identify and analyzed the production, marketing and research and development capabilities through a routine-based view of the firm as well as the types of change and innovation implemented by the two firms throughout their trajectory. The results show that, although wine is one of the world‘s oldest types of beverages with tradition playing an important role in the way it is elaborated and consumed, dynamic capabilities promoting change and innovation in both cases were necessary in order to obtain distinction in the market.

Encontrar as razões que tornam as firmas bem-sucedidas em meio à grande competição está constantemente entre as motivações da agenda de pesquisa em administração. Capacidades e capacidades dinâmicas são frequentemente os termos utilizados na literatura para descrever, respectivamente, o que as firmas estão aptas a fazer e como elas buscam e implementam mudanças e inovações para criar e sustentar vantagem competitiva. Assim, é importante compreender de que forma as firmas se tornam capazes e quais são os diferentes caminhos para inovação. Porém os termos capacidades e inovação possuem ambigüidades. Segundo a literatura, as capacidades das firmas estão relacionadas às suas rotinas, um dos conceitos centrais da teoria evolucionária de Nelson e Winter (1982). Já a inovação é tratada, geralmente, sob a perspectiva de mudanças tecnológicas em produtos e processos, porém o conceito pode envolver outras perspectivas. O presente trabalho, a partir de um estudo de casos múltiplos, buscou verificar a relação existente entre rotinas, capacidades e inovação em duas empresas do setor vitivinícola gaúcho. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um esquema analítico que integra a teoria de inovação de Schumpeter (1997), bem como a teoria econômica evolucionária de Nelson e Winter (1982). Ademais, foi traçada uma evolução histórica do setor, visando compreender de que forma a indústria do vinho se desenvolveu e como se dá a competição nesse setor nos tempos atuais. As empresas escolhidas, situadas no Vale dos Vinhedos, na Serra Gaúcha, representam duas abordagens diferentes de competição e de busca por mudança e inovação observadas no setor do vinho mundial. De um lado, uma empresa de pequeno porte orientada por uma estratégia de produção e comercialização menos dinâmica, voltada para nicho semelhante às estratégias observadas nos países do Velho Mundo; de outro, uma empresa de grande porte que segue estratégias de produção e comercialização com forte orientação para o mercado, inovação e tecnologia semelhantes às estratégias frequentemente observadas em países produtores do Novo Mundo. O trabalho identificou e analisou as capacidades de Produção, Marketing e Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de ambas as empresas por meio de uma visão baseada em rotinas, assim como os tipos de inovações implementadas pela empresa ao longo de sua trajetória. Os resultados mostram que, embora o vinho seja uma das mais antigas bebidas do mundo com tradição – a qual exerce um papel importante na forma como o produto é elaborado e consumido – e as empresas estudadas concorram com dinâmicas diferentes, o desenvolvimento de capacidades e a busca por tipos diferentes de mudança e inovação foram necessários em ambos os casos para obter distinção no mercado. / Finding the reasons that make firms successful in a competitive environment are among the most common motivations in the business research agenda. Capabilities and dynamic capabilities are often the terms used in the literature to describe respectively what firms can do and how they seek and implement change and innovation to create and sustain competitive advantage. In this sense, it is relevant to understand how firms develop their capabilities and what are the different ways they can search for change and innovation. On the other hand, both terms capability and innovation show ambiguities in the literature. This work observes that concept of capability is closely related to the term ‗routine‘ which is one of the central concepts of the evolutionary theory of economic change. Innovation is generally treated under the perspective of technological changes in products and process, but the concept involves other perspectives. Through multiple case studies in two firms, the present dissertation aims at verifying the relations among routines, capabilities and innovation in the vitiviniculture industry in Rio Grande do Sul. In order to do that, it was necessary to build an analytical framework integrating the Schumpeterian theory of innovation as well as Nelson and Winter‘s evolutionary theory of economic change. It was traced back a brief historical evolution of the wine sector to understand its development and how competition occurs in the present. The two specific cases represent two different approaches to competition and search for change and innovation observed in the wine industry. On the one side a large and very market oriented firm, and on the other, a small very niche oriented winery. This work identify and analyzed the production, marketing and research and development capabilities through a routine-based view of the firm as well as the types of change and innovation implemented by the two firms throughout their trajectory. The results show that, although wine is one of the world‘s oldest types of beverages with tradition playing an important role in the way it is elaborated and consumed, dynamic capabilities promoting change and innovation in both cases were necessary in order to obtain distinction in the market.

abstract: The study explores the differing roles that a top management team (TMT) and a board play in providing a firm the knowledge to improve its absorptive capacity. Building on the distinction between potential and realized absorptive capacity, initially posited by Zahra and George (2002), I argue that a firm's board of directors and its TMT both act to fill the critical role of knowledge gatekeepers identified by Cohen and Levinthal (1990). But, they play different roles in a firm's efforts to acquire, assimilate, transform and exploit novel information. The engagement of board members with environmental planning through personal experiences as well as prior and current ties shapes the ability of the firm to acquire (i.e., identify and obtain) and assimilate (i.e., analyze, understand, and evaluate) valuable external knowledge. However, because they lack the required in-depth knowledge of the firm's internal operations, they are unable to complete the gatekeeping role. The latter stages of that role depend on the abilities of the TMT to transform (i.e., internalize and converse) and exploit (i.e., use and implement) that knowledge, which depends heavily on their engagement with environmental activities through prior experiences. Thus, the board and TMT are only able to fulfill the roles of knowledge gatekeeper collectively. I develop a set of hypotheses from this core proposition, which I test using the participation of U.S. firms in the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP). Extremely detailed data on 354 firms from 2008 to 2015 allows me to examine multiple sequential processes, including the decision to participate in the CDP performance relative to the core CDP goal, current internal systems, policies as well as plans, and capabilities to breakdown emissions along various production processes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2018

Corporate acquisitions can provide an effective mechanism for maintaining growth in conditions of technological uncertainty, but typically suffer very high failure rates. This thesis presents a resource-based framework for analysing corporate acquisitions in times of rapid technological change. The thesis discusses how such acquisitions can be used to access resources that are of immediate use, but also enhance the acquirer's ability to access resources in the future.

Despite the continuous need to enhance the value of public services, information systems projects in the public sector still underperform due to their high velocity of change and strategic ambiguity. Diverse studies have been carried out examining ‘project capabilities’ to contribute to the efficiency of information systems project management. However, most studies of project capabilities focus heavily on the project execution that aims for successful implementation of systems. This supplier-oriented approach leads to overlooking the significance of a project owner’s benefits realisation after implementing the information systems. Moreover, this formulation of project capabilities also does not distinguish between dynamic capabilities for benefits realisation and operational capabilities for project execution. For these reasons, the realisation of a project owner’s information systems benefits has still been far from satisfactory, in addition to having a poor rate of project success. In order to address this issue, this thesis develops a more nuanced perspective on project capabilities by distinguishing the dynamic capabilities of owners from the operational capabilities of suppliers and by developing the concept of owner dynamic capabilities. This is followed by analysis of the importance of benefits management as an owner dynamic capability. The aim of this study is to contribute to a deeper understanding of why public sector information systems projects are so challenging and how the project owner’s information systems benefits can be accelerated. A content analysis method was adopted, and 10 years of National Audit Office Value-for-Money reports were analysed covering 31 information systems projects. Theoretically the concept of ‘owner dynamic capabilities’ is introduced, and the experience of UK central government information systems projects is empirically reviewed. The results bring a key implication by showing the significance of benefits management as a distinctive ‘project back-end’ owner dynamic capability. This thesis makes three main contributions to the current literature in information systems project and benefits management. First, the concept of owner dynamic capability is introduced and theorised based on a unique data set of major public sector information systems projects. Second, the importance of project back-end capability is revealed as a distinctive dynamic capability, which owners require to move their information systems investment from practical completion (the system works as expected) to beneficial use (the system delivers the expected business benefits). Third, the key findings provide the future research agenda for project management disciplines.

Orientador: Gessuir Pigatto / Coorientador: Renato Dias Baptista / Banca: Luciano Munk / Banca: Ana Elisa Bressan Smith Lourenzani / Resumo: A internacionalização é uma das estratégias utilizadas pelas empresas para permanecer no mercado e/ou obter a vantagem competitiva frente a seus concorrentes. Uma das correntes teóricas que explica a vantagem competitiva das empresas, assim como o seu ingresso no mercado internacional é a teoria da Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR). Sob a perspectiva teórica da VBR, o processo de como as empresas respondem às pressões e exigências do ambiente internacional (na medida em que aumentam o comprometimento dos seus recursos internos) torna a entrada e a permanência em novos mercados estrangeiros de forma estruturada. Similarmente à VBR, a abordagem das Capacidades Dinâmicas atribui importância aos recursos empresariais, sendo que a combinação e adaptação destes ocorre diante de um ambiente dinâmico e de rápidas mudanças, como o do mercado internacional. Diante da diversidade de recursos existentes na empresa, os recursos humanos, assim como suas práticas de gestão, são considerados importantes por apresentarem fonte de vantagem competitiva para o alcance dos objetivos estratégicos da organização. Desta forma, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar a adaptação dos recursos humanos realizada pelas empresas alimentícias instaladas no estado de São Paulo que utilizaram a exportação como estratégia de internacionalização. Como procedimento metodológico, utilizou-se da pesquisa de multicasos em nove empresas, a coleta de dados por meio de formulário semiestruturado, com análise descritiv... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre

Background – In today´s globalized environment, a stronger emphasis on moving production to low-cost environments is present. Assembling a complex product usually involves multiple smaller manufacturing firms across the globe. As a result, smaller specialized firms have an important role in the market but are also strongly dependent on the demand for the final product. Hence, their business model can be dependent on a specific patch which inhibit innovation and evidently leaving them vulnerable to changes in the environment. One main challenge for companies´ business model is the question of continuous flexibility and adaption to an ever changing business context. Purpose - The purpose of this thesis is to explore dynamic capabilities as a source of business model innovation in manufacturing subcontractor SMEs in Jönköping County. The studies aim is to explore how these firms develop dynamic capabilities in order to identify and then overcome barriers for business model innovation. Method – Primary data was collected through a multiple case study of three manufacturing companies in Jönköping County. The data was later coded and findings cross-case compared with a lens of dynamic capability view in order to find similarities and dissimilarities. Conclusion- The findings from the three case companies indicates that dynamic capabilities are interdependent to each other, meaning all need to be taken into consideration for continuously successful business model innovation. Disregarding the development of one business model component can restrain others, thereby resulting in inadequate innovations. A sensing capability was identified however yet the abilities to seize and reconfigure opportunities taking the whole BM into consideration were not present for all of the three case companies. By lack of a coherent development of the BM, barriers become present and a sustained competitive advantage is unreachable. All three cases agreed upon the human resource management to be the major challenge for their organization to sustain a healthy growth.

The rapidly changing consumer behaviour and the increasing demand of convenience has put pressure on corporations to utilise their various capabilities more dynamically. As a result, operating through channels that are not synergised is no longer as effective as it used to be, and businesses are struggling with combining their existing channels with the market development. For Multinational corporations (MNCs) traditionally based on brick-and-mortar retailing, this has proven to be especially difficult as the market develops towards electronic solutions, but with a significant demand still for physical stores. This study aims to, by the assistance of theory, investigate the practice of how MNCs can utilise their capabilities dynamically in order to make their cross-channel integration process more dynamic, and thus maintaining their competitive advantage. Empirical data has been gathered through a case study on a brick-and-mortar MNC that is, at the time of this research, going through the process of cross-channel integration. Primary data has been gathered through semi-structured interviews that has also resulted in providing the secondary data in regard to the process. The combined data has then been analysed, using a pattern matching method, together with literature within both cross-channel integration and dynamic capabilities. The findings indicate that resources that can be connected to theory within dynamic capabilities play a central role in successful cross-channel integration. Furthermore, being up-to-date in terms of trends & development, having clear, change encouraging, company values and making sure that the employees are actively participating in the process is indicated to be of especial importance.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-09-04T11:30:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3301078 bytes, checksum: bf6663941adc75bb2c99b1ff4ec6d889 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2017-09-04T15:53:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3301078 bytes, checksum: bf6663941adc75bb2c99b1ff4ec6d889 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-04T15:55:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3301078 bytes, checksum: bf6663941adc75bb2c99b1ff4ec6d889 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-16 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The present research had the objective of explaining how the development of technology transfer capability dynamics in Brazilian public Institutions of higher education come to pass through the investigation of the characteristics, the factors and the behavior of this capability and its elements and components over time. The perspective of dynamic capabilities and some models of technological transfer available in literature acted as background for the proposal, a priori, of a framework of dynamic composite of intentional and organizational actions involving resources, skills, routines and capabilities to transfer technology. This proposal of framework was, throughout the investigation, improved until the presentation of a final proposal of a development of technology transfer capability dynamics framework. To this end, qualitative studies of two national reference institutions were adopted, through an interpretive and extended perspective, in a historical and profound way with the purpose of reconceptualizing and prolonging the theory. Namely, the extended case method approach was adopted. The analysis’ time interval covered the years 2004 to 2015 and the operationalization of research was divided into four steps: retrieval of publicly available information on the virtual pages; contact, clarification and on-site visits; collection of non-confidential documentary data; systematic observations and nine semi-structured, retrospective and in-depth interviews. The analytical assessments of data were based on extended case method and discourse analysis criteria. As a result it was possible to confirm that technology transfer is a dynamic capability composed of resources, skills, routines and capabilities and able to change over time. The understanding of behavior of development of technological transfer capability dynamics required a new heuristic, thus the temporal flow of capabilities was constituted. This allowed us to verify the range in four of five stages (foundation, implantation, development, maturity and senility) in the contexts of the University of São Paulo and the State University of Campinas, and in eight types of changes (creation, replication, recombination, development, renovation, reimplantation, retrocession, and retirement), even briefly, over time. In addition, the characteristics, the factors and the elements of technology transfer capability were refined and allowed the reformulation of framework in its final format of development dynamics of this capacity. Finally, it was conclude that the leading managers, the collaborators and the researchers, influenced by internal and external factors, are the ones that intentionally found, sustain or change a dynamic capability or acknowledge it as dynamic; being a strategic tool in contributing to attaining the roles of these human actors. Considering the limits of scope of this research, it is understood that future studies may serve to validate the emerged propositions and, in addition, to verify their applicability in other types of capabilities, organizations and contexts. / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo explicar como ocorre a dinâmica do desenvolvimento da capacidade de transferência tecnológica em Instituições de Ensino Superior públicas brasileiras por meio da investigação das características, dos fatores e do comportamento dessa capacidade e dos seus elementos e componentes ao longo do tempo. A perspectiva das capacidades dinâmicas e alguns modelos de transferência tecnológica disponíveis na literatura serviram como background para a proposta, a priori, de um framework do composto dinâmico das ações intencionais e organizacionais envolta de recursos, competências, rotinas e capacidades para transferir tecnologia. Essa proposta de framework foi, ao longo da investigação, aprimorada até a apresentação de uma proposição final de framework da dinâmica do desenvolvimento da capacidade de transferência tecnológica. Para tanto, foram adotados estudos qualitativos, numa ótica interpretativa e estendida, de duas instituições-referência nacionais de modo histórico e em profundidade com o intuito de reconceituar e prolongar a teoria. Em outras palavras, foi adotada a abordagem do método de caso estendido. O recorte temporal de análise abrangeu os anos de 2004 a 2015 e a operacionalização da pesquisa foi dividida em quatro passos: resgate de informações disponíveis publicamente nas páginas virtuais; contato, esclarecimentos e visitas in loco; coleta de dados documentais não sigilosos; e observações sistemáticas e nove entrevistas semiestruturadas, retrospectivas e em profundidade. As apreciações analíticas dos dados se deram pelo método de caso estendido e pelos critérios da análise do discurso. Como resultado foi possível confirmar que a transferência tecnológica é uma capacidade dinâmica composta por recursos, competências, rotinas e capacidades e capaz de mudar no tempo. A compreensão do comportamento da dinâmica do desenvolvimento da capacidade de transferência tecnológica necessitou de uma nova heurística, assim o fluxo temporal das capacidades foi constituído. Isso permitiu verificar ao longo dos contextos da Universidade de São Paulo e da Universidade Estadual de Campinas a variação em quatro dos cinco estágios (fundação, implantação, desenvolvimento, maturidade e senilidade) possíveis e em oito tipos de mudanças (criação, replicação,recombinação, desenvolvimento, renovação, reimplantação, retrocesso e aposentadoria), mesmo que brevemente, ao longo do recorte temporal. Adicionalmente, as características, os fatores e os elementos da capacidade de transferência tecnológica foram refinados e permitiu a reformulação do framework em seu formato final da dinâmica do desenvolvimento dessa capacidade. Por fim, conclui-se que os gestores líderes, os colaboradores e os pesquisadores, influenciados pelos fatores internos e externos, é que intencionalmente fundam, sustentam ou fazem mudar uma capacidade dinâmica ou a tomam como dinâmica; sendo uma ferramenta estratégica contribuindo para o atingimento dos propósitos desses atores humanos. Considerando os limites do escopo desta pesquisa, entende-se que estudos futuros poderão servir para validar as proposições emergidas e, além disso, averiguar a sua aplicabilidade em outros tipos de capacidades, organizações e contextos.