Les pathologies de la paroi artérielle, et notamment l’athérosclérose, sont responsables de plus de 25% des décès dans le monde. Ces pathologies sont à l’origine de la thrombose,caractérisée par l’occlusion d’une artère par un caillot, ou thrombus. Ce travail de thèse explore l’utilisation de nanoparticules et microparticules polymères pour améliorer le diagnostic et le traitement de la thrombose. Ce type de particules permet en effet d’associer des agents de contraste et des actifs thérapeutiques à des agents de ciblage pour favoriser leur accumulation spécifique au niveau du thrombus. Les particules sont formulées à partir de polysaccharides et/ou de poly(cyanoacrylate d’isobutyle). Elles sont fonctionnalisées en surface avec du fucoïdane, un polysaccharide naturel extrait d’algues brunes. Le fucoïdane présente une affinité très forte pour la P-sélectine, molécule exprimée par les plaquettes activées qui constituent en partie le thrombus. Au cours de ce projet, un test in vitro d’adhésion en flux a été mis au point pour valider l’interaction des systèmes développés avec leur cible moléculaire, la P-sélectine, et leur cible cellulaire, les plaquettes activées. L'agent thérapeutique standard utilisé pour induire la dégradation du thrombus est l’activateur tissulaire du plasminogène. Celui-ci a été chargé sur des nanoparticules copolymères fonctionnalisées avec du fucoïdane. L’efficacité de ces systèmes a ensuite été validée dans un modèle murin de thrombose. Enfin, des nanoparticules composées exclusivement de polysaccharides et entièrement hydrophiles, dites “nanogels”, ont été synthétisées par un procédé innovant. Les résultats obtenus dans ce travail de thèse confirment le fort potentiel des approches ciblées pour le diagnostic et le traitement de la thrombose. Ils contribuent d’une manière plus générale au développement de la médecine personnalisée dans le domaine cardiovasculaire. / Arterial wall diseases, including atherosclerosis, are responsible for more than 25% of all deaths worldwide. These pathologies are at the origin of thrombotic events, characterized by the occlusion of an artery by a clot, called a thrombus. This thesis explores the use of polymer nanoparticles and microparticles for thrombosis imaging and therapy. This type of particles combines contrast agents and therapeutic agents with targeting moieties to promote their specific accumulation at the thrombus. The particles are composed of polysaccharides and/or poly(isobutyl cyanoacrylate). They are functionalized with fucoidan, a polysaccharide extracted from brown algae. Fucoidan shows a very strong affinity for P-selectin, a molecule expressed by activated platelets which form part of the thrombus. In this study, an in vitro flow adhesion assay is set up to validate the interaction of developed systems with their molecular target, the P-selectin, and with their cellular target, the activated platelets. Tissue plasminogen activator is the standard therapeutic agent used to induce thrombus degradation.This agent is loaded onto copolymer nanoparticles functionalized with fucoidan. Their efficiency is then validated in a murine model of thrombosis. Finally, nanoparticles exclusively composed of polysaccharides and entirely hydrophilic, called “nanogels”, are synthesized by an innovative process. The results of this work confirm the high potential of using targeted approach for thrombosis diagnosis and treatment and pave the way towards the development of personalized cardiovascular medicine.

The present study used beam trawl net to collect crabs by Ocean Researcher III at four sites, Wanggong, Taisi, Cigu and Jiading, in western waters off Taiwan from July 2006 to October 2008. In total, 3205 crabs were obtained, including 11 families, 22 genus, 41 species and 6 unknown species. Among these families, Portunidae contained the most species (21 species, 45¢H), followed by families Majidae (4 species, 9%), Leucosiidae (3 species, 6%) and Dorippidae (3 species, 6%). Six dominant species were Portunus hastatoides (60.1%), Portunus argentatus (13.7%), Portunus sanguinolentus (7.2%), Matuta victor (3.8%), Charybdis truncata (3.0%) and Portunus pelagicus (2.1%) contributing 89.8% of the total catch. P. sanguinolentus (35.6%), P. pelagicus (16.3%), P. hastatoides (12.0%), Calappa philargius (11.5%), P. argentatus (8.0%) and Charybdis feriatus (3.1 %) were the six dominant species (86.5%) by biomass. Spatial distributions of the benthic crabs by number were significantly different. P. argentatus was the most dominant species in Cigu, whereas in the other three stations was P. hastatoide. Among the six species, P. sanguinolentus, P. pelagicus and C. feriatus are the most important species in terms of economic value. The former appeared in large numbers in Jiading and composed 35.6% in weight of the total catch from all sites, while the latter frequently occurred in the other three sites and contributed 16.3% to the overall sample weight. Moreover, P. sanguinolentus was the dominant species in terms of weight in Jiading, but the rest of three sites dominated by P. pelagicus. P. hastatoides occurred mostly in the substrate with very fine sand. P. sanguinolentus increased in number and weight with decreasing of salinity and water depth. P. argentatus had a narrowest optimum temperature range from 24.3 to 28.3¢J.

Thesis (D.M.A.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-167). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Thesis (D.M.A.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Available also from UMI Company.

Hannover, Universiẗat, Diss., 2000.

Hannover, Universiẗat, Diss., 2001.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Boston University Graduate School, 1981. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 393-420). Discography: leaves 420-421.

Forskningsfråga Är det möjligt att skapa riskjusterad överavkastning med hjälp av nyckeltal inom industribranschen på den Nordiska aktiemarknaden? Syfte Går det att generera en riskjusterad överavkastning genom att använda en investeringsstrategi baserad på något eller några av nyckeltalen P/S, P/E, P/B, EV/EBITDA samt med en egen modell innehållandes de tre förstnämnda nyckeltalen. Detta undersöker vi genom att samla in data och utföra statistiska tester där vi ställer portföljer med låga värden på nyckeltalen mot portföljer med höga värden på nyckeltalen. Teori Teorin inom området är uppdelat i två läger, de som påstår att marknaden är effektiv som t.ex. Fama och de som påstår att marknaden är ineffektiv som t.ex. Haugen. Vi redovisar många olika studier som har försökt hitta metoder för att skapa överavkastning. Vi har även tagit med teorier inom behavioral finance för att försöka förstå uppkomsten av anomalier på aktiemarknaderna. Metod Vi har genomfört en kvantitativ studie som grundar sig på rådata från tre olika marknader, OMX Stockholm, OMX Helsinki och OMX Copenhagen. Vi valde att bara använda aktier listade inom industribranschen, dels på grund av att det är lättare att jämföra aktier inom samma segment och dels för att det fanns mest företag att tillgå inom industrisektorn. Studien har en undersökningsperiod på åtta år, den sträcker sig från 2003-04-01 till 2011-04-01. Vi har riskjusterat portföljerna med hjälp av Jensens Alpha samt signifikanstestat portföljerna mot varandra med hjälp av Mann-Whitney U testet.  Kunskapsgap Mycket av forskningen kring realtivvärdering är utförd på den amerikanska marknaden. Den Nordiska marknaden har undersökts väldigt sparsamt och det saknas relevant forskning kring nyckeltal och riskjusterade portföljer.  Resultat och slutsats Studiens resultat kan tolkas på olika sätt. Alla portföljer med låga nyckeltal fick riskjusterad överavkastning när de jämfördes med respektive industriindex. Dock var det endast två av portföljerna som visade ett signifikant resultat i Mann-Whitney U testet. Dessa två portföljer var P/B samt den egna modellen på Helsingforsbörsen. Vi tolkar resultaten som att det är möjligt att skapa riskjusterad överavkastning med hjälp av nyckeltalen. Dock hade nyckeltalet EV/EBITDA ett avvikande resultat och gick inte i linje med den tidigare forskningen samt våra andra portföljer eftersom höga EV/EBITDA gav högre avkastning än låga på två marknader.

The interest of diploma work is focused on fundamental analysis of selected stocks. Fundaments which were taken into account were earnings per share, sales per share and book value per share. The first part of diploma work describes theoretical background and investment strategies based on P/E, P/S and P/BV ratio. Following part is paying attention to analyzed period, the selection of analyzed stocks and also to the analysis itself. Analysis is performed on twenty stocks traded on London Stock Exchange, on the Main Market. Analyzed period is from 1996 to 2005. In each year of analysis were created three portfolios based on investment strategies connected with P/E, P/S and P/BV ratios. For each selected portfolios was analyzed rate of return. The rate of return was analyzed in different times from creation of the portfolio. The last -- third part includes results of performed analysis, which was performed for each year separately. Result includes analysis of selection of stocks to portfolios and overall analysis of rate of return from of different portfolios. This part of diploma work also includes reflection of limits and weaknesses of performed analysis. Diploma work proved market anomaly. All investment strategies, which were based on ex post analysis, proved its ability to bring higher rate of return than the market.

Não consta resumo na publicação. / The objective of the present dissertation is to contribute for the enlargment and engrossment of the available data on the drug known as maracujá as well as on its extracts. Comprised topics include comparative morphodiagnostic studies and illustrations for P.alata Dryand., P. quadrangularis L., P. edulis Sims. and P. incarnata L.. The differentiation and characterization of the above mentioned species in terms of chemical composition was accomplished by thin layer chromatographic techniques. Chromatographical profiles were established for flavonoid and alkaloid fractions on the four species in relation to reference standards orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin (for flavonoids), and harman and harmin (for alkaloids). P. alata Dryand. earned a more detailed study. The quantifications of flavonoid and alkaloid fractions were performed densitometricaly by TLC and expressed as orientin and harman, respectively. Pharmacological assays carried out with extracts included acute toxicity and CNS depressor activity.