nÃo hà / Este trabalho pretende estudar os vazios, as lacunas e as ausÃncias textuais no romance A menina morta (1954), de CornÃlio Penna. Nesse romance, encontra-se uma narrativa estruturada em torno da ausÃncia (a comeÃar pela ausÃncia da prÃpria menina que dà tÃtulo à obra), convidando o leitor a olhar incessantemente para um lugar vazio que, paradoxalmente, deixa sua marca sob a forma de recalque afetivo e mal-estar social. O olhar do leitor deseja ver mais, porÃm à o menos que o autor oferece, inscrevendo sua ficÃÃo sob o signo da negatividade e do esvaziamento. Sustenta-se a tese de que, nesse romance, diferentemente de suas obras iniciais, CornÃlio Penna supera a vertente fantÃstica, deslocando os âfantasmasâ da zona transcendente para o encontro inexorÃvel com o real. Busca-se a fundamentaÃÃo teÃrica desta tese na interface dos discursos da teoria literÃria, da filosofia e da psicanÃlise, atravÃs do diÃlogo com as obras de Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan, Maurice Blanchot, Giorgio Agamben, Walter Benjamin e Georges Didi-Huberman. AtravÃs desses pensadores, tenta-se evidenciar o jogo dialÃtico que CornÃlio Penna articula entre subjetividade e objetividade, atravÃs do qual a realidade se acha implicada nos modos de subjetivaÃÃo. Em A menina morta, portanto, a realidade do patriarcalismo e do escravismo se torna mais assustadora do que os fantasmas que povoam o imaginÃrio popular. O territÃrio que CornÃlio Penna escolheu para descrever o seu drama histÃrico faz do mito o labirinto da prÃpria histÃria, diante do qual os eventos se petrificam numa zona estagnada em que quase nada acontece, sobressaindo o luto e a melancolia. A relaÃÃo entre os personagens à marcada pela incomunicabilidade, devido ao medo de dizer e ao ressentimento de calar-se. Assim, restam aos personagens o refÃgio do nÃo-dito (diante da forÃa dos interditos) e a teatralizaÃÃo das palavras e dos gestos. O fantasma da palavra nÃo à â como se poderia supor â o silÃncio; o fantasma da palavra à a falta do nome, à esse lugar inespecÃfico onde o pensamento nÃo chega e a razÃo parece desmoronar. Trata-se, enfim, de uma abertura para um lugar inacessÃvel, uma aporia trÃgica, formada por um tempo sà de espera e um lugar sà de passagem. / This work intends to study the voids, the gaps and the textual absences in the novel A menina morta [The dead girl] (1954), written by CornÃlio Penna. In this novel, we have found a structured narrative around the absence (starting with the absence of the very girl who gives title to the work), inviting the reader to look endlessly for an empty place that, paradoxically, leaves its mark in emotional repression form and social malaise. The reader look wants to see more, however is the least that the author offers, inscribing his fiction under the sign of negativity and emptying. We affirm that, in this novel, unlike his initial works, CornÃlio Penna overcomes the fantastic strand, moving the transcendent area "ghosts" for the inexorable encounter with real.We have sought the theoretical foundation of this thesis in the literary theory, philosophy and psychoanalysis speeches, through the dialogue with the works of Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan, Maurice Blanchot, Giorgio Agamben, Walter Benjamin and Georges Didi-Huberman. Through these thinkers, we have tried to show the dialectic game which CornÃlio Penna articulates among subjectivity and objectivity, through which the reality is implicated in the subjectivation modes. In A menina morta, therefore, the reality of patriarchy and slavery becomes more frightening than ghosts that inhabit the popular imagination. The territory chosen by CornÃlio Penna to describe his historical drama makes from the myth the labyrinth of history, up against the events are stoned in a stagnant zone in which almost nothing happens, protruding the mourning and the melancholy. The characters connection is marked by the lack of communication, due to fear of saying and the resentment of shut up. So, to the characters remain the refuge of unsaid (up against the bans strength) and the dramatization of words and gestures. The ghost of the word is not â as you might guess â the silence; the ghost of the word is the lack of the name, is this nonspecific place where the thinking does not reach and the reason seems to fall apart. In short, it is about an opening to an inaccessible place, a tragic aporia, formed by a time of expecting and a place of passage.

[pt] A tese mostra, através de textos literários e imagens, a presença do olhar como objeto causa de fascínio e de horror. Esse olhar ameaçado está presente na literatura, nos roteiros cinematográficos e nas artes plásticas. Na tradição filosófica, o olhar está associado ao olho que vê, ao sujeito. Ao postular o olhar como um objeto da pulsão, a psicanálise ressalta que a libido está presente no campo visual e, portanto, o olhar não se reduz à visão. É nesta esquize entre o olho e o olhar que se manifesta a pulsão escópica, evidenciando a relação do sujeito com este inapresensível objeto de desejo chamado olhar. Em sua face de fascinação, o olhar é como um clarão, uma luz que captura o sujeito, enquanto que o apavora e amedronta, em seu lado de horror, devido à relação com a castração e o enigma do feminino. Quando o olho e o olhar não se distinguem, encontra-se a loucura. / [en] The thesis shows through literary texts and images the look as an object productive of fascination and horror. This menacing look is present in literature, film scripts, and the plastic arts. According to philosophical tradition, the look is associated with the eye that sees, with the subject. As it postulates the look as an object of pulsion, Psychoanalysis stresses the fact that the libido is present in the visual field and, therefore, the look is not restricted to the vision only. It is in this schize between the eye and the look that scopic pulsion is manifested, evincing the relation between the subject and this unapprehensible object of desire called look. In its fascinating aspect, the look is like a flash of light that captures the subject while it terrifies and frightens on its horror side, owing to its relation with castration and the feminine enigma. When the eye and the look cannot be distinguished, there is madness.

Current research on viewing time measures of sexual attraction fail to explore potential confounding variables of viewing time. One viewing time measure, the LOOK, has been shown to be reliable over time and generally correlated with self-reported sexual orientation but has been unable to differentiate between a non-offending group and an offending group of individuals. This study utilizes the LOOK to examine the relationship between viewing time and a potential confounding variable of viewing time, beauty, using two constructs of beauty (facial beauty and full-body beauty). Facial beauty scores were created by measuring the degree of adherence to four universal standards of beauty shown to correlate with subjective estimates of attractiveness (Schmid, Marx, & Samal, 2006). Given the subjective nature of beauty when viewing the whole body, participants of the study rated the beauty of each LOOK image in its entirety. No significant correlation was found between facial beauty scores and beauty ratings, suggesting these are unrelated constructs. Significant correlations were found between facial beauty scores and male viewing time, and between male beauty ratings and male viewing time. These correlations suggest that further research exploring the extent to which estimates of beauty confound measures of viewing time may increase their discriminative ability and could aid in the development of a norm-referenced procedures for screening and diagnosis.

<p>This thesis is a study of how cooling fan control can be improved by using road topography information. Two such controllers are presented, one that uses information available in vehicles produced today, and one that combines GPS-information with digital topographic maps to use information about the road ahead of the vehicle.</p><p>Simulations show that significant energy savings can be obtained, especially during warm conditions and hilly roads. Compared to conventional fan controllers, energy consumption can be cut by up to three quarters. Moreover, this is possible without any hardware redesign.</p>

<p>The use of positioning systems in a vehicle is a research intensive field. In the first part of this thesis an increase in new applications is disclosed through a mapping of patent documents on how positioning systems can support adaptive cruise control, gear changing systems and engine control. Many ideas are presented and explained and the ideas are valued. Furthermore, a new method for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) control using a positioning system is introduced. It is concluded that look-ahead control, where the vehicle position in relation to the upcoming road section is utilized could give better fuel efficiency, lower emissions and less brake, transmission and engine wear.</p><p>In the second part of this thesis a real time test platform for predictive speed control algorithms has been developed and tested in a real truck. Previously such algorithms could</p><p>only be simulated. In this thesis an algorithm which utilizes model predictive control (MPC) and dynamic programming (DP) been implemented and evaluated. An initial comparative fuel test shows a reduction in fuel consumption when the MPC algorithm is used.</p>

China and India enjoy the most robust economic growth in the world. They are also two important players in the international arena that cannot be underestimated because of their population, nature resources, and regional influence. The fact that China and India are forging a strategic partnership will not only reshape Asia's geopolitics, but also have a significant global impact. The current relationship between China and India is still very fragile due to different political systems, international visions, and geopolitical benefits between the two countries. Their bilateral relationship is mixed with Realism and Idealism. Since 1990s, India has adopted a new forward-looking foreign policy with East Asian countries; known as ¡§Look East Policy¡¨, and this policy help establishing the relationship between Taiwan and India and reaching a new stage. This policy has made some progress since then, and this India new foreign policy obviously has strategic politics in mind, on being security and strategic alliance, and intention to compete with China. To sum up, the two countries still see each other as an important rival. For example, on some international issues in Asia, India's foreign policy has dual characters. On one hand, India wants to improve its relations with China; on the other hand, India takes precautions against and antagonizes China. Adding the influence factors from other countries with global influence such as the United States, Japan, Russia, etc., the India-China relationship is becoming more complicated. The Post-Cold War Era provides less comfort than questions for the future of Sino-Indian relationship. This is bound to be influenced by many imponderables in their respective domestic and external environments. Whether both countries can lay their disputes aside in the future, and construct an economic alliance, or they cannot get along well, there will have important consequences. Moreover, how to reassess the Indian government policy toward China? What are the potential impacts between the India-Taiwan relationships? How the Indian government solidifies its own national interests between China and Taiwan? These are the major subjects addressed in this dissertation. This doctoral dissertation is mainly divided into three parts: First, the India-China border problem has been there for a long time and the contradictions presented by different perspectives from both sides are discussed. The second part, through such historical-oriented topic such as the Tibet status and its democratic movement, and the latest outlook of India's internal political development shows the different arguments and national interests to formulate internal and international policies, and derives into a new analogy and theorem as a starting point to analyze the current India political transformation and international policy. The third part is to discuss the Indian government's policy, the self-esteem and attitude, current development of India-China cooperation in economy and trade, India's role in the Cross-straits relations, and then assesses the future development of the India-China strategic partnership, and the potential influence on the international affairs.

Denna avhandling behandlar analog-digitalomvandling. I synnerhet behandlas postkorrektion av analog-digitalomvandlare (A/D-omvandlare). A/D-omvandlare är i praktiken behäftade med vissa fel som i sin tur ger upphov till distorsion i omvandlarens utsignal. Om felen har ett systematiskt samband med utsignalen kan de avhjälpas genom att korrigera utsignalen i efterhand. Detta verk behandlar den form av postkorrektion som implementeras med hjälp av en tabell ur vilken korrektionsvärden hämtas. Innan en A/D-omvandlare kan korrigeras måste felen i den mätas upp. Detta görs genom att estimera omvandlarens överföringsfunktion. I detta arbete behandlas speciellt problemet att skatta kvantiseringsintervallens mittpunkter. Det antas härvid att en referenssignal finns tillgänglig som grund för skattningen. En skattare som baseras på sorterade data visas vara bättre än den vanligtvis använda skattaren baserad på sampelmedelvärde. Nästa huvudbidrag visar hur resultatet efter korrigering av en A/D-omvandlare kan predikteras. Omvandlaren antas här ha en viss differentiell olinjäritet och insignalen antas påverkad av ett slumpmässigt brus. Ett postkorrektionssystem, implementerat med begränsad precision, korrigerar utsignalen från A/D-omvandlaren. Ett utryck härleds som beskriver signal-brusförhållandet efter postkorrektion. Förhållandet visar sig bero på den differentiella olinjäritetens varians, det slumpmässiga brusets varians, omvandlarens upplösning samt precisionen med vilken korrektionstermerna beskrivs. Till sist behandlas indexering av korrektionstabeller. Valet av metod för att indexera en korrektionstabell påverkar såväl tabellens storlek som förmågan att beskriva och korrigera dynamiska fel. I avhandlingen behandlas i synnerhet tillståndsmodellbaserade metoder, det vill säga metoder där tabellindex bildas som en funktion utav flera på varandra följande sampel. Allmänt gäller att ju fler sampel som används för att bilda ett tabellindex, desto större blir tabellen, samtidigt som förmågan att beskriva dynamiska fel ökar. En indexeringsmetod som endast använder en delmängd av bitarna i varje sampel föreslås här. Vidare så påvisas hur valet av indexeringsbitar kan göras optimalt, och experimentella utvärderingar åskådliggör att tabellstorleken kan reduceras avsevärt utan att fördenskull minska prestanda mer än marginellt. De teorier och resultat som framförs här har utvärderats med experimentella A/D-omvandlardata eller genom datorsimuleringar. / Analog-to-digital conversion and quantization constitute the topic of this thesis. Post-correction of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is considered in particular. ADCs usually exhibit non-ideal behavior in practice. These non-idealities spawn distortions in the converters output. Whenever the errors are systematic, it is possible to mitigate them by mapping the output into a corrected value. The work herein is focused on problems associated with post-correction using look-up tables. All results presented are supported by experiments or simulations. The first problem considered is characterization of the ADC. This is in fact an estimation problem, where the transfer function of the converter should be determined. This thesis deals with estimation of quantization region midpoints, aided by a reference signal. A novel estimator based on order statistics is proposed, and is shown to have superior performance compared with the sample mean traditionally used. The second major area deals with predicting the performance of an ADC after post-correction. A converter with static differential nonlinearities and random input noise is considered. A post-correction is applied, but with limited (fixed-point) resolution in the corrected values. An expression for the signal-to-noise and distortion ratio after post-correction is provided. It is shown that the performance is dependent on the variance of the differential nonlinearity, the variance of the random noise, the resolution of the converter and the precision of the correction values. Finally, the problem of addressing, or indexing, the correction look-up table is dealt with. The indexing method determines both the memory requirements of the table and the ability to describe and correct dynamically dependent error effects. The work here is devoted to state-space--type indexing schemes, which determine the index from a number of consecutive samples. There is a tradeoff between table size and dynamics: more samples used for indexing gives a higher dependence on dynamic, but also a larger table. An indexing scheme that uses only a subset of the bits in each sample is proposed. It is shown how the selection of bits can be optimized, and the exemplary results show that a substantial reduction in memory size is possible with only marginal reduction of performance. / QC 20101019

Cognitive dissonance has traditionally been defined as the negative affective state which accompanies inconsistent cognitions and motivates one to make the cognitions consistent. This thesis critically evaluates two theories about cognitive dissonance. The action-based model of dissonance argues that inconsistent cognitions have the potential to interfere with effective and unconflicted action. The new look model of dissonance, contradicting the traditional definition of dissonance, argues that it is aversive consequences rather than inconsistent cognitions that cause dissonance. Recent studies investigating the neural correlates of dissonance show that parts of anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex seem to be involved in the dissonance process. One of the major predictions of the new look model of dissonance has been undermined by recent evidence. In contrast, the action-based model of dissonance is supported by recent studies.

This thesis is a study of how cooling fan control can be improved by using road topography information. Two such controllers are presented, one that uses information available in vehicles produced today, and one that combines GPS-information with digital topographic maps to use information about the road ahead of the vehicle. Simulations show that significant energy savings can be obtained, especially during warm conditions and hilly roads. Compared to conventional fan controllers, energy consumption can be cut by up to three quarters. Moreover, this is possible without any hardware redesign.

The use of positioning systems in a vehicle is a research intensive field. In the first part of this thesis an increase in new applications is disclosed through a mapping of patent documents on how positioning systems can support adaptive cruise control, gear changing systems and engine control. Many ideas are presented and explained and the ideas are valued. Furthermore, a new method for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) control using a positioning system is introduced. It is concluded that look-ahead control, where the vehicle position in relation to the upcoming road section is utilized could give better fuel efficiency, lower emissions and less brake, transmission and engine wear. In the second part of this thesis a real time test platform for predictive speed control algorithms has been developed and tested in a real truck. Previously such algorithms could only be simulated. In this thesis an algorithm which utilizes model predictive control (MPC) and dynamic programming (DP) been implemented and evaluated. An initial comparative fuel test shows a reduction in fuel consumption when the MPC algorithm is used.