<p>The thesis consists of the design of an electric bike.</p><p>Based on the analysis of the needs arising from urban transport in Sweden and its people.We wanted to develop a bicycle that could be manufactured in the coming years and be widely accepted by the Swedish population and later also in Europe.</p>

The 711-acre Mueller development is located just three miles northeast of downtown on the former site of the Robert Mueller Municipal Airport. Planned as one of Austin’s major transit-oriented New Urbanist developments, Mueller contains a pattern of pedestrian and bike friendly streets to encourage a range of transportation options for residents and visitors. Mueller is 30% complete and provides housing and jobs to over 3000 residents and 3000 employees. This MDS seeks to understand how current residents, employees, and visitors use the bike lanes, sidewalks, and roads in the Mueller community. To evaluate the transportation infrastructure, the author designed and coded a custom Google Maps survey that asked residents to draw common routes, points of interest, and points of concern related to their transportation choices. The results of this study then influenced a future urban design of the undeveloped portion of Mueller. / text

Abstract Background: The Ciclovia program (60.3 miles of streets temporarily closed to motorized vehicles and open to pedestrians) and the Ciclorutas (186.4 miles bicycle paths network) represent two policy and built environment approaches that have been implemented in Bogota, Colombia to increase access to recreational and physical activity (PA) opportunities and promote active transportation. Both programs have other potential public health outcomes such as quality of life and social capital. Both physical activity and social capital have been demonstrated to be strongly related with health. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the participants from Ciclovia and Cicloruta and to explore how program usage relates to public health outcomes including, physical activity, social capital and equity. Methods: Analysis based on secondary data obtained from two surveys, one conducted in the Ciclovia and the other in the Ciclorutas in Bogota, Colombia. First, the general characteristics of the users of both programs were described and compared using the Pearson chi-square test. Second, a principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to reduce the number of SC variables from the Ciclovia survey, by using a varimax (orthogonal) rotation method. A binary logistic regression adjusted model was developed to examine the relationship between frequency of participation on the Ciclovia and perceived SC levels. In addition, two adjusted multivariate logistic regression models were conducted to examine associations between meeting the PA recommendations with the characteristics of program use/participation. Results: The majority of the Ciclovia participants reported meeting the PA recommendation in leisure time (59.5%), whereas near all Cicloruta participants reported to meet the recommendations by cycling for transportation (70.5%). The safety perception was higher among Ciclovia users with 51.2% of those surveyed having reported feeling safe at the Ciclovia with respect to traffic and accidents and 42.4% with regard to crime. Results from the logistic regressions showed that participants who reported more frequent participation in the Ciclovia program were more likely to have a higher SC perception (OR=2.0, 95%CI=1.4-2.8), those who reported regular participation in the program had increased odds of meeting the PA recommendation in leisure time (OR=1.7, 95%CI=1.1-2.4), as well as those who reported to perform vigorous (OR=4.9, 95%CI=2.5-9.2) and moderate (OR=1.9, 95%CI=1.2-3.0) physical activity during the Ciclovia. For the Ciclorutas males (OR=1.94, 95%CI=1.2-3.2), regular Cicloruta users (OR=10.18, 95%CI=6.1-16.8), and Cicloruta users who reported participation in the Ciclovia over the last 12 months (OR=1.6, 95%CI=1.1-2.2), were more likely to meet the PA recommendation by cycling for transportation. Conclusions: The Ciclovia program and Cicloruta system represent two policy and environmental approaches that have the potential to equitably promote physical activity and provide a mobility alternative in complex urban settings such as the city of Bogota. Specifically the Ciclovia program also provides enhanced social environments in which the program users also feel safer.

abstract: Bicycle sharing systems (BSS) operate on five continents, and they change quickly with technological innovations. The newest “dockless” systems eliminate both docks and stations, and have become popular in China since their launch in 2016. The rapid increase in dockless system use has exposed its drawbacks. Without the order imposed by docks and stations, bike parking has become problematic. In the areas of densest use, the central business districts of large cities, dockless systems have resulted in chaotic piling of bikes and need for frequent rebalancing of bikes to other locations. In low-density zones, on the other hand, it may be difficult for customers to find a bike, and bikes may go unused for long periods. Using big data from the Mobike BSS in Beijing, I analyzed the relationship between building density and the efficiency of dockless BSS. Density is negatively correlated with bicycle idle time, and positively correlated with rebalancing. Understanding the effects of density on BSS efficiency can help BSS operators and municipalities improve the operating efficiency of BSS, increase regional cycling volume, and solve the bicycle rebalancing problem in dockless systems. It can also be useful to cities considering what kind of BSS to adopt. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Urban and Environmental Planning 2018

Bakgrund: Ländryggsmärta orsakad av överbelastning är vanligt inom cykelidrotten med en prevalens mellan 15 % -60 % hos landsvägscyklister på motions- och elitnivå. Vid sittande förändras ryggradens kurvatur vilket gör att belastningen förändras och det ger obalanser och större risk för smärta och skada än vid stående och gående. Sittpositionen på cykeln kan anpassas genom justering av cykeln, även kallad bike fit. Det finns få vetenskapliga studier hur denna anpassning ska ske för att undvika ryggsmärta. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur strukturer i ländryggen och säte/ben påverkar sittposition och förekomsten av ländryggssmärta vid landsvägscykling. Metod: Totalt 33 deltagare analyserades för hamstringslängd, total lumbal flexion samt sittposition på cykeln. Deltagarna tillfrågades angående erfarenheter av ländryggssmärta vid cykling. Resultat: Studien kunde påvisa en signifikant korrelation (r=0,57, P= 0,00082) mellan sittposition på cykeln samt total lumbal flexion. Hamstringslängd eller lumbal flexion på cykel visade sig ej korrelera med ländryggssmärta på cykel. Ingen skillnad förelåg mellan de cyklister som rapporterat ländryggssmärta eller ej gällande total lumbal flexionsrörlighet, lumbal flexion på cykeln eller hamstringslängd visades. Konklusion: Rörlighet i ländryggen och position på cykel verkar inte ensamt kunna förklara förekomst av cykelrelaterad ländryggssmärta. Hamstringslängden tycks inte påverka sittposition eller ländryggssmärta vid cykling.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-10-02T12:49:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Luiza Lemos Antunes - 2015.pdf: 12997678 bytes, checksum: 19d4c043de5e7f96bd5ed60a6cae4f62 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-10-02T12:57:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Luiza Lemos Antunes - 2015.pdf: 12997678 bytes, checksum: 19d4c043de5e7f96bd5ed60a6cae4f62 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-02T12:57:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Luiza Lemos Antunes - 2015.pdf: 12997678 bytes, checksum: 19d4c043de5e7f96bd5ed60a6cae4f62 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The bicycle is a vehicle used extensively in Brazil and comes as a transport option to mitigate the impacts caused by the indiscriminate use of individual motorized transport. However, despite the use of bicycles in Brazil has a century of history, the lack of an effective cycling policy translates the main factor limiting the insertion of the bicycle as a mode of transport. The cycle planning must act comprehensively where all variables such as geometry, materials and execution should be considered jointly. Thus, this study aimed to conduct an analysis of the performance and the cycle system service conditions implanted in Goiania in conjunction the preferred range stretch of public transport, named Corredor Universitário. The study has also brought a survey of pathological problems and occurrence of nonconformities, associated with the project design stages, material specifications and implementation. Supported by requirements established for cycle planning and by technical standards, design aspects and used technologies were evaluated, such as materials and implementation process, in order to diagnose the system's deficiencies. To assess cycle pavement, in the absence of a specific methodology, we used an adapted method for evaluation and conceptualization of road pavements, by means of the calculation of Pavement Condition Index (PCI). Several flaws were identified in the implanted cycle system. Among the main ones are: the inadequacy of the signage of cycle paths, drainage problems, lighting of bike lanes way compromised by the lack of maintenance, damaged street furniture, lack of bike parking and severe paving problems. Several factors such as the absence of a paving design and the lack of a technological control of concrete influenced the pavement performance of cycle paths, which, with only 3 years of service, have exhibited numerous pathologies. Thus, the analyzed sections were characterized Good the Bad as concepts presented by the adopted method. Therefore, problems diagnosed in the cycle system of Corredor Universitário are due to a variety of factors, ranging from the stage of design planning and conception, as well as the deficiency or absence of the executive design and the low quality control of all execution process. / A bicicleta é um veículo intensamente utilizado no Brasil e surge como opção de transporte para amenizar os impactos gerados pelo uso indiscriminado do transporte individual motorizado. Contudo, apesar de o uso da bicicleta no Brasil ter um século de história, a falta de uma política cicloviária eficiente traduz-se o principal fator limitador da inserção da bicicleta como modo de transporte. O planejamento cicloviário deve atuar de forma abrangente, onde todas as variáveis como geometria, materiais e execução devem ser consideradas de maneira conjunta. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa buscou realizar uma análise do desempenho e das condições de serviço do sistema cicloviário implantado em Goiânia junto ao trecho de faixa preferencial do transporte coletivo, denominado Corredor Universitário. O estudo também propiciou o levantamento de problemaspatológicos e ocorrência de não conformidades, associados às etapas de concepção de projeto, de especificações dos materiais e de execução. Amparado por requisitos para planejamento cicloviário estabelecidos e normas técnicas, foram avaliados aspectos projetuais e tecnologias utilizadas, como materiais e processo de execução, visando ao diagnóstico das deficiências do sistema. Para avaliação do pavimento cicloviário, dada a ausência de uma metodologia específica, utilizou-se um método adaptado, existente para avaliação e conceituação de pavimentos rodoviários, por meio do cálculo do índice de Condição do Pavimento (ICP). Foram identificadas várias falhas no sistema cicloviário implantado. Dentre as principais estão: a inadequação da sinalização das ciclovias, problemas de drenagem, iluminação das vias cicláveis comprometida pela falta de manutenção, mobiliário urbano danificado, ausência de estacionamento para bicicleta e graves problemas de pavimentação. Vários fatores como a ausência de um projeto de pavimentação e a falta de controle tecnológico do concreto utilizados, influenciaram no desempenho do pavimento das ciclovias, que, com apenas 3 anos de tempo de serviço, exibiu inúmeras patologias. Com isso, os trechos analisados foram caracterizados de Bom a Ruim, conforme conceitos apresentados pelo método adotado. Assim sendo, os problemas diagnosticados no sistema cicloviário do Corredor Universitário são decorrentes de uma série de fatores, que vão desde a fase de planejamento e concepção de projeto, assim como a deficiência ou ausência de projeto executivo e o baixo controle de qualidade de todo o processo de execução.

Riding a stationary exercise bike regularly can lead to many health benefits such as stronger muscles, higher metabolism and reduced body fat percentage to mention a few. The biggest drawback is that training on a stationary exercise bike can be immensely boring with no stimulation or amusement factor. This thesis presents the development of a prototype, a road racing simulator that makes training on an exercise bike more stimulating. The prototype consists of an exercise bike and a computer game. It also features a network option, making it possible to race other users, multi player style. The purpose is to make home training on the exercise bike more amusing, enjoyable and maybe even challenging. The focus in this report lies mainly on the graphics and network parts but all steps in producing the prototype are described so the reader can get a complete picture of the project.

This thesis deals with comprehensive study and design of recovery system of a road vehicle powered by human power. It contains an overview of different types of heat recovery devices, their characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and applicability in the construction of such a vehicle.

Syftet med studien är att ta reda på vilka faktorer som påverkar varför människor i ett mindre samhälle med historiskt lågt cyklande väljer att cykla eller inte cykla. Vi vill se vilka faktorer som påverkar cyklandet positivt respektive negativt. Vi önskar också att se om det finns några likheter eller skillnader mellan stora städer och mindre samhällen, jämförelsen kommer göras både i en internationell och nationell kontext. <ul type="disc">Vilka faktorer påverkar människors cyklande? Vilka likheter och skillnader finns det mellan befintlig statistik och våra undersökta grupper gällande cykelvaner? Vilka likheter och skillnader finns det mellan cyklandet i ett mindre samhälle jämfört med större städer? Som teori har vi använt oss av tidsgeografi, plats, rum, rumskrig, avståndsfriktion och aktivitetsansatsen. Vi har också titta på tidigare forskning om cykling i större städer och även svensk statistik som tagits fram på olika nivåer. Det empiriska materialet har samlats in genom enkäter. Enkäterna delades ut via två olika forum, den ena var genom Grums kommun där alla anställda hade möjlighet att svara på en webenkäten. Det andra var utanför en livsmedelsbutik i Grums där alla som passerade hade möjlighet att svara. Det empiriska materialet är uppdelat i bakgrundsfrågor, resvanor och hur respondenterna ställer sig till olika påståenden. Det avslutas med korsanalyser där olika variabler som anses vara av intresse analyseras mot varandra. Våra viktigaste slutsatser är: Människor över 65 år är mindre benägna att cykla än de under 65 år De med gymnasieutbildning som högsta avslutade utbildning cyklar mest Bilen är det vanligaste färdmedlet oavsett målpunkt eller avstånd Tillgång till lånecykel gör inte att respondenterna kommer cykla mer Människor som bor i tätorten cyklar mer än de som bor på landsbygden Långa avstånd gör att människor väljer bort cykeln / The purpose of this study is to find out which factors affect why people in a smaller communities with historically low cyclists choose to ride a bike or not. We want to see which factors affect cycling positively and negatively. We also want to see if there are any similarities or differences between big cities and smaller communities, the comparison will be done in both an international and national context. Which factors affect people's cycling? What are the similarities and differences between existing statistics and our investigated groups of cycling habits? Which are the similarities and differences between cycling in a smaller communities compared to larger cities? As theory, we have used time geography, space, place, space war, distance friction and activity patterns. We also look at previous research on cycling in larger cities and also Swedish statistics developed at different levels. The empirical material has been collected by questionnaires. The surveys were distributed through two different forums, one through Grums Municipality where all employees were able to answer the web questionnaire. The second was outside a grocery store in Grums where everyone who passed was able to answer. The empirical material is divided into background issues, travel habits and how respondents respond to different statements. It ends with cross-analyzes where different variables considered to be of interest are analysed agents each other. People over the age of 65 are less likely to cycle than those under 65 years of age Those with upper secondary education are the most cyclists The car is the most common means of transport regardless of destination or distance Access to the loan cycle does not cause respondents to cycle more People living in the smaller communities area bicycle more than those living in the countryside Long distances make people not choose the bike

This thesis has resulted in a concept- and prototype development of a new car roof mounted bike carrier. The design problem was assigned by Thule Group and was intended be performed alongside the company’s own project of updating their different roof mounted carriers. What Thule wanted to gain from this project was to obtain concepts produced with a different approach than their usual course of action. This could lead to concepts consisting of solutions not before thought of. The solution should answer to three major problems: 1. How the bike could be attached to the carrier. 2. How the mechanism could tighten. 3. How the user could be given feedback when enough force had been applied. This report explains the approach to the problem and how the used design process has been implemented. The solution to the problem are presented successively of how the front holder of a bike carrier is developed, from idea into prototype. The applied design process “Produktutveckling - Effektiva metoder för konstruktion och design” have an iterative structure. An iterative process does not occur in a straight line, but rather in a spiral that repeat its steps over and over again to achieve better results. The different phases and methods of the design process are explained to clarify the approach of the implementation. These methods includes Benchmarking, User study, Quality function deployment, 6-3-5 Brain writing method, PUGH and Validity and Reliability. To give this thesis a theoretical foundation, theories about the design process, semantics and intuition been applied. The generated ideas resulted in two concepts that were further developed and presented. One of the concepts was decided by Thule to undergo a patent research, which was not completed before this thesis was finished. This concept has therefore not been explained in detail. The other concept has been presented in its complete state, explaining its solutions to the design problem. The report explains all features the prototype of the product resulted in. The design process is presented in a chronological way and contribute with an easy traceability throughout this report.