Now a days, Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) cameras are installedeverywhere in public places to monitor illegal activities like armedrobberies. Mostly CCTV footages are used as post evidence after theoccurrence of crime. In many cases a person might be monitoringthe scene from CCTV but the attention can easily drift on prolongedobservation. Eciency of CCTV surveillance can be improved by in-corporation of image processing and object detection algorithms intomonitoring process.The object detection algorithms, previously implemented in CCTVvideo analysis detect pedestrians, animals and vehicles. These algo-rithms can be extended further to detect a person holding weaponslike rearms or sharp objects like knives in public or restricted places.In this work the detection of weapon from CCTV frame is acquiredby using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) as feature vector andarticial neural networks performing back-propagation algorithm forclassication.As a weapon in the hands of a human is considered to be greaterthreat as compared to a weapon alone, in this work the detection ofhuman in an image prior to a weapon detection has been found advan-tageous. Weapon detection has been performed using three methods.In the rst method, the weapon in the image is detected directly with-out human detection. Second and third methods use HOG and back-ground subtraction methods for detection of human prior to detectionof a weapon. A knife and a gun are considered as weapons of inter-est in this work. The performance of the proposed detection methodswas analysed on test image dataset containing knives, guns and im-ages without weapon. The accuracy rate 84:6% has been achievedby a single-class classier for knife detection. A gun and a knife havebeen detected by the three-class classier with an accuracy rate 83:0%.

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The Thesis with title " Armament production for Whermacht and the Army of Aliance in Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (1939 - 1945) is interested in detailed description of armament production within quality and quantity armoured of vehicles and infantry weapons made in war years 1939 - 1945 in Czech munition factories. Foreword part deals with Czech production efore Munich agrément,suitable conditions for militarization and empowerment German Army nor the use in industry either for strategy location. In following chapters the work describes main munition factories (Škoda Plzeň - Skoda Werke, ČKD Praha - BMM, Munition faktory Brno)and due to occupation our country,Czechoslovakia,maximal use of technical and human potenciál in Protectorate.The same it documents sale of spare weapons (cannons and munition) and presents German production,too. In other chapters it directs to confrontal of weapons,thein improvement,following development,army tanks, (mainly tank ŠKODA vz. 35, tank ŠKODA vz. 35,light tank LT vz. 38 and later fighter tank and offensive cannons from útočná ČKD Prague , Marder III, Hetzer, Grille), infantry weapons made in Brnopěchotní (Carabine Mauser K98 and gunmachine MG34, MG42, MG131). It mentios the biggest problem of German armament industry during War,that was critical shortage of raw...

Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / 100 m/s). Low voltage electrical contact was not maintained for some experimental shots and non-parallel rails were the suspected cause. In this thesis, we used a non-contact capacitive sensor to determine rail spacing to within 2/kAcm10mael, so that the rails will be parallel within small tolerances. Several rails were used in these experiments: 75-25 copper-tungsten, chromium-plated 75-25 Cu-W, and chromium-plated pure copper rails. Improving the control of rail spacing and parallelity did not ensure low-voltage electrical contact for our configurations. The largest damage was observed for chromium-plated copper rails and the least damage occurred for chromium-plated 75-25 Cu-W rails. / Lieutenant, United States Navy

This essay brings new knowledge about the terms and conditions for the artisans in the swedish armament industry in Sweden during the 1800th-century. It was a time of opportunity for entrepreneurs and a time when the social and economic standing for the artistans where under pressure. This led to conflicts, and this study shows that the artisans did use multiple strategies in order to maintain their social and economic position in a changing world. The purpose of this essay is to examine conflicts regarding the social organization of the work at the gun manufactory in Söderhamn between 1749 and 1796. During this period the ownership of the facility shifted from state owned to private and back. The main sources examined in this essay are documents regarding the Söderhamns gun manufactory, found in the archive of the artilleridepartement at krigskollegium. Other sources are protocols from the the local council, the magistrat, and church records. A marxist method of analyzing the social organization of work is used. By using a model of the whole of the production process the areas of conflicts are analysed. The theoretical approach is influenced by Marx and Foucault's theories of power. The essay shows that the governmental objectives in mid 1800-th century was to rationalize the production and privatize the swedish arm manufactories in order to gain a lower prize for muskets used by the armed forces. The new organization of the production led to resistance among the artisans. The guild was the organizer of the protests, and the artisans acted strategic. They cooperated with different parties to put pressure behind their demands. Several times this was a fruitful strategy. In spite of the mercantilistic visions of their superiors, the majority of the artisans had their own workshops and where able to maintain a substantial production for the private market during the whole time. During the Seven year war the production of the infantry musket where stopped at the same time as the workers in Jönköping where stiking for better payment. Four of five facilities had problems delivering armament in 1761. When krigskollegium regained the ownership of the manufactory in 1778 the artisans lost influence. The division of labour progressed during the crown´s management.

Construiu-se um acelerador de elétrons de baixa energia (Máximo de 20 KeV). Como fonte de elétrons utilizou-se um canhão de elétrons de cinescópio preto e branco, ou seja, com um único emissor termiônico. A energia do feixe eletrônico pode ser continuamente variada desde 0 a 20 KeV. A corrente eletrônica pode ser variada desde um valor mínimo de 10-12A a 3&#956A, permanecendo constante no tempo uma vez fixado o seu valor. Através da focalização ou desfocalização da imagem do feixe de elétrons, é possível variar-se a área irradiada desde um diâmetro mínimo de 1 milímetro a um máximo de 6 cm. A pressão final atingida nas câmaras de vácuo foi da ordem de 10-7Torr. Durante o funcionamento do canhão de elétrons, o cátodo do mesmo é danificado devido ao bombardeamento de íons em sua superfície. Para examinarmos o grau de danificação causado por este bombardeamento iônico, basta focalizarmos e examinarmos a imagem de feixe eletrônico sobre uma tela luminescente. Deve-se ressaltar que todo o acelerador de elétrons foi construído a partir de materiais e componentes totalmente nacionais. O acelerador de elétrons foi aplicado para estudar efeitos de irradiação de elétrons em Teflon usando-se o método do Split Faraday Cup. Foram medidas correntes transitórias de carga e descarga e determinaram-se o alcance médio dos elétrons e o valor da condutividade induzida pela radiação. / We have constructed a low energy electron accelerator (maximum energy 20 KeV). A black and white kinescope electron gun, with a single thermionic emitter was used as an electron source. The energy of electron beam can be changed continuously from 0 to 20 KeV. The intensity of the current can be changed from a minimum of 10-12A to a maximum of 3&#956A, and can be maintained constant in time after its value has been fixed. The irradiated area can be changed from a diameter of 1 millimeter to a maximum of 6 centimeter, by focalizing or defocalizing the image of electron beam. The final pressure reached in vacuum chambers was 10-7Torr. During operation the surface of cathode of electron gun is damaged by ion bombardment. The degree of damage can be checked if the cathode image is focalized and examined on a luminescent screen. The accelerator was used to study electron irradiation effects in Teflon, employing the method of the Split Faraday Cup. Transient charging and discharging currents were measured. The average range of electrons of the electrons and induced conductivity were determined.

Ce travail s’interroge sur l’impact éthique du remplacement des humains par des robots, particulièrement dans le cadre militaire avec les systèmes d’armes létales autonomes (SALA). Il fait le point sur les robots militaires et les logiciels existants qui contribuent à leur autonomie jusqu’en 2014. L’augmentation progressive de l’autonomie des robots signe le remplacement possible de l’humain, l’agir moral des machines à la place de l’homme est dès lors une problématique. Le robot peut-il être un agent moral ? Peut-on créer un agent moral artificiel ? Quelles sont les contraintes techniques, algorithmiques, juridiques et éthiques auxquelles une telle réalisation serait confrontée, notamment dans le monde militaire ? La robotisation est une réalité qui a déjà des effets sur le politique et le militaire comme l’illustre l’usage des drones. Quels pourraient être les effets d’une plus grande autonomie des robots pour l’obtention de la victoire et vis-à-vis de l’éthique militaire ? L’aspect novateur ne doit pas oblitérer les défis qui se posent tant aux soldats qu’aux robots. Si aucun n’est infaillible, que peut-on conclure du projet de créer des robots moraux, et quel avenir peut-on envisager pour une robotique respectueuse de l’éthique militaire ? / This work examines the ethical impact of replacing human beings with robots, especially in the military context. It focuses on existing military robots and on programmes contributing to their autonomy until 2015. Increasing autonomy of robots signs the possible replacement of the human being; the moral behaviour of the machines replacing the moral action of man is therefore an issue. Can the robot be a moral agent? Can one create an artificial moral agent? What are the technical, algorithmic, legal and ethical constraints that such achievement would face, especially in the military environment? Robotics are a reality having already an impact on the political and military world, as illustrated by the use of unmanned air vehicles. What might be the effects of greater autonomy of robots in obtaining victory and towards military ethics? The innovative aspect should not obliterate the challenges facing soldiers as well as robots. If no one is infallible, what can one conclude about the project of creating moral robots, and what kind of future can we look for in view of friendly robotics respecting military ethics?

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Abstract This study explains how community activists make use of available social capital and collective efficacy while attempting to mediate gun violence. It specifically focuses on twelve in-depth interviews of activists' perspectives, processes and rationales to alleviate community gun violence, based on informal social control models. Findings suggest activists must establish trust and respect with youth they work with before mediation begins, which is established through similar life experiences or backgrounds. Once a strong bond is established with youth, activists identified five core processes to reduce violence: 1) improve the mindset, 2) provide life skills, 3) assist youth as their liaison between networks, 4) expose and provide tools to other opportunities such as college or jobs, and 5) activists challenge system policy that they feel contributes to Chicago's gun violence.

Thesis (M.A.) in Communication--University of Maine, 2004. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves134-146).