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Os agrupamentos de ferro-enxofre (Fe-S) são grupos prostéticos necessários para a manutenção da vida, pois estão envolvidos em diversos processos incluindo a transferência de elétrons, reações metabólicas, sinalização e regulação da expressão gênica. As plantas realizam fotossíntese e respiração, dois processos que requerem proteínas Fe-S, sendo os únicos organismos em que a síntese destas proteínas é compartimentalizada. Diversos fatores afetam o desenvolvimento das plantas, entre eles, a temperatura baixa, fator limitante à produtividade e à distribuição geográfica das plantas, incluindo Eucalyptus grandis, uma espécie com grande importância econômica. Neste trabalho foi realizada uma análise transcricional dos genes NFS1, ISA1 e ISU1 de E. grandis após diferentes estúmlos por meio de PCR quantitativa (qRT-PCR) e microarranjos. Após o tratamento de plântulas de E. grandis com frio, foram realizados experimentos de qRT-PCR. Os resultados foram normalizados com os genes constitutivos codificadores da histona H2B e da ribonucleoproteína L23A. Considerando tal normalização, ISU1 aumentou sua expressão em 0,6 e 1,7 vezes, NFS1 apresentou um aumento de 6 e 8 vezes, enquanto ISA1 apresentou um aumento de 69 a 114 vezes em relação à condição controle. Utilizando-se a técnica de microarranjos, foi analisada a diferença de expressão entre folhas e xilema de árvores maduras de E. grandis. O gene NFS1 apresentou maior expressão nas folhas do que em xilema, porém os genes ISA1 e ISU1 apresentaram um padrão de expressão equivalente entre os dois tipos de tecidos. Esses resultados sugerem que (i) os genes NFS1 e ISA1 podem estar relacionados à resposta celular ao estresse causado por frio; e que (ii) os aumentos na expressão devem-se, provavelmente, ao metabolismo de enxofre e à indução de enzimas antioxidantes. Foi também realizado um experimento de curva de tempo com a submissão de plântulas de E. grandis ao resfriamento, objetivando-se verificar em que momento esses genes começam a ter suas expressões aumentadas. O gene ISU1 apresentou maior expressão gênica nas primeiras duas horas de tratamento, caindo drasticamente logo após este período. O gene ISA1, que havia apresentado a maior expressão relativa no experimento anterior, não apresentou diferença significativa no padrão de expressão durante as 16 horas de resfriamento, assim como o gene NFS1. Esses resultados indicam que as proteínas Fe-S, frente ao resfriamento, estão possivelmente envolvidas na recuperação das plantas após tal estresse. / Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are prosthetic groups required for the maintenance of life because they are involved in various vital processes, including electron transfers, metabolic reactions, signaling and regulation of gene expression. Plants perform photosynthesis and respiration, two processes that require Fe-S proteins, and are the only organisms in which the synthesis of these proteins is compartmentalized. Several factors and stresses affect the development of plants including low temperature, which is a productivity-limiting factor and restricts plants to certain geographical distributions, including Eucalyptus grandis, a species with significant economic importance. The aim of this study is to perform an analysis of E. grandis NFS1 and ISA1 gene expressions after different stimuli through quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and microarrays. qRT-PCR experiment were conducted on plants submitted to a cold treatment. The results were normalized with the housekeeping genes encoding histone H2B and ribonucleoprotein L23A. Considering such normalizations, ISU1 increased the expression 0.6 and 1-fold, NFS1 showed a 6 and 8-fold increase in comparison with the control condition, while ISA1 gene increased 69 and 114-fold. Using microarrays, the difference in expression between leaves and xylem of E. grandis was analyzed. The NFS1 gene showed higher expression in leaves than in xylem, but the ISA1and ISU1 showed equivalent pattern of expression in both types of tissues. These results suggest that (i) NFS1 and ISA1 genes are related to the cellular response to the stress caused by chilling, and that (ii) the increased expression should be probably due to the metabolism of sulfur and to the induction of antioxidative enzymes. A time-course experiment was also conducted during the cold stress of E. grandis plants to look at which moment these genes begin to increase their expressions. The ISU1 gene showed higher expression in the first 2 hours of treatment, and than decreased severally after this period. The ISA1 gene, which had shown the highest expression in the previous experiment, did not show significant differences in the pattern of expression during the 16 hours of chilling treatment, as well as the NFS1 gene. These results indicate that Fe-S proteins, in response to low temperature, are possibly involved in the recovery of the plants after this stress.

As proteínas Dof (ligação ao DNA com um dedo, do inglês, DNA binding with One Finger) compreendem uma família de fatores de transcrição exclusiva de plantas, caracterizadas pela presença de um domínio de ligação ao DNA semelhante ao domínio ‘dedo-de-zinco’. Estas proteínas estão associadas a diferentes processos biológicos vegetais como germinação, florescimento e outros. O objetivo principal do presente trabalho foi a caracterização funcional de três fatores de transcrição Dof de Eucalyptus grandis a fim de avaliar a função dos mesmos na biogênese do sistema vascular desta planta. Baseado em resultados prévios do nosso grupo, foram escolhidos três genes (EgD01698, EgD00607 e EgK00405) que apresentaram um perfil de expressão significativo em tecidos vasculares de caules de E. grandis e, também, alta homologia a genes Dof previamente caracterizados em tecidos vasculares de outros vegetais. As regiões codificadoras desses genes foram amplificadas por PCR e clonadas no vetor de entrada pENTR/D-TOPO (Invitrogen). Por recombinação, os genes foram transferidos para o vetor pH7WG2D (VIB) para expressão em Arabidopsis thaliana. Os genes Dof também foram clonados no vetor pGEX-4T-1 (GE Healthcare) para a expressão heteróloga em Escherichia coli Plantas de A. thaliana foram transformadas com os vetores binários pelo método de imersão floral e as sementes foram selecionadas com o antibiótico higromicina. Apenas duas plantas para o gene D00607 e duas para o gene K00405 foram obtidas. As plantas transgênicas estão atualmente sob cultivo para serem geradas linhagens homozigotas e, assim, caracterizadas molecularmente. Além disso, a localização subcelular foi verificada pela expressão transiente de Dof::GFP em folhas de Nicotiana benthamiana. A expressão de GFP foi detectada difusa no citoplasma e no núcleo. Entretanto, esses ensaios deverão ser repetidos para confirmação dos resultados. Em paralelo, células de E. coli BL21 (DE3) pT-GroE foram transformadas com os vetores pGEX-4T-1-D01698 e pGEX-4T-1-D00607. A expressão gênica foi induzida durante 20 h a 20oC com 1 mM IPTG. As proteínas foram detectadas na fração solúvel por SDS-PAGE e western blot e, posteriormente, purificadas por cromatografia de afinidade. A expressão bem sucedida das proteínas Dof em E. coli permitirá a produção dessas proteínas para futuros estudos de caracterização funcional. / DNA binding with one finger (Dof) proteins comprehend a family of plant exclusive transcription factors characterized by the presence of the Dof DNA binding domain whose structure is similar to the zinc finger domain. They are associated with diverse biological plant processes such as germination, flowering and many others. The aim of this work was to functionally characterize three Dof genes from Eucalyptus grandis in order to evaluate their role in the biogenesis of vascular system. Based on previous results related to the E. grandis Dof gene family studies obtained by our group, we chose three genes (D01698, D00607 and K00405) with higher expression profile in vascular tissues of E. grandis stalk, as well as with higher homology to Dof genes previously characterized as critical to the genesis of vascular tissues. The CDS of these genes were amplified by PCR and cloned into pENTR/D-TOPO entry vector (Invitrogen). Via recombination, Dof genes were then transferred to the pH7WG2D binary vector (VIB) for the expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. They were also cloned into the pGEX-4T-1 vector (GE Healthcare) for Escherichia coli recombinant gene expression. A. thaliana plants were genetically transformed with recombinant binary plasmids by the floral dip method and seeds were selected by hygromycin resistance Only two plants for the D00607 gene and two plants for the K00405 gene were obtained. Plants are being cultivated in order to obtain homozygous individuals and they will be molecularly characterized. Additionally, subcellular localization was verified by transient expression of Dof::GFP in Nicotiana benthamiana and the expression of GFP was detected at the cytoplasm and nucleus. However, these assays need to be repeated in order to confirm the previous results. In parallel, E. coli BL21 (DE3) pT-GroE cells were transformed with pGEX-4T-1- D01698 and pGEX-4T-1-D00607. Gene expression was induced for 20 h at 20 oC with 1 mM IPTG for protein production. Proteins were detected in the soluble fraction by SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis and then were purified by affinity chromatography. The successful expression of Dof proteins in E. coli provides a way to produce these proteins for future functional characterization studies.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T22:35:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_11166_Dissertação THAÍS BRITO 2017-Final.pdf: 1787420 bytes, checksum: 0a63a0338c2441fff2089d7327aedc38 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-25 / O processo de modificação térmica apresenta-se como uma alternativa viável para a melhoria de algumas propriedades da madeira. Nesse contexto, há a possibilidade de que esta técnica seja empregada em madeiras oriundas de povoamentos florestais jovens, aumentando-se assim a viabilidade desses empreendimentos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do processo brasileiro de modificação térmica na composição química, em algumas propriedades físicas e mecânicas, e na resistência à biodeterioração da madeira juvenil de Eucalyptus grandis e Tectona grandis. Quatro tratamentos foram investigados, resultantes da interação entre os fatores espécie e processo. Para atender ao objetivo proposto foram realizadas as seguintes análises: químicas (lignina solúvel e insolúvel, hemiceluloses, extrativos totais e solubilidade em acetona, clorofórmio, diclorometano e etanol-tolueno ), físicas (densidade aparente a 12%, higroscopicidade e inchamento total), mecânicas (compressão paralela às fibras e flexão estática) e resistência à biodeterioração por fungos Postia placenta e Trametes versicolor, térmitas Nasutitermes corniger e Cryptotermes brevis. Quanto ao efeito do processo de modificação térmica a 160 °C, houve aumento aparente dos teores de lignina total, extrativos totais e em água quente, e melhor solubilidade para os solventes polares (acetona e etanol-tolueno); a higroscopicidade foi reduzida em ambas as espécies, decorrente da perda de massa de hemiceluloses; a resistência mecânica à flexão estática e à compressão paralela às fibras foi reduzida; e aumento na resistência de ambas as espécies à biodeterioração causada por térmitas subterrâneas; o mesmo ocorreu apenas para a madeira de Eucalyptus grandis exposta a térmitas de madeira seca. Analisando-se os prós e contras do processo, é mais recomendável a modificação térmica a 160 °C da madeira juvenil de Eucalyptus grandis do que da madeira juvenil de Tectona grandis. Palavras-chave: Madeira de reflorestamento, processo brasileiro, modificação higrotérmica.

Orientador : Inacio Maria Dal Fabbro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-17T00:05:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Seixas_Fernando_M.pdf: 3755433 bytes, checksum: f513adfb803fd9655231510a731b6c3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 1985 / Mestrado / Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola

As proteínas Dof (ligação ao DNA com um dedo, do inglês, DNA binding with One Finger) compreendem uma família de fatores de transcrição exclusiva de plantas, caracterizadas pela presença de um domínio de ligação ao DNA semelhante ao domínio ‘dedo-de-zinco’. Estas proteínas estão associadas a diferentes processos biológicos vegetais como germinação, florescimento e outros. O objetivo principal do presente trabalho foi a caracterização funcional de três fatores de transcrição Dof de Eucalyptus grandis a fim de avaliar a função dos mesmos na biogênese do sistema vascular desta planta. Baseado em resultados prévios do nosso grupo, foram escolhidos três genes (EgD01698, EgD00607 e EgK00405) que apresentaram um perfil de expressão significativo em tecidos vasculares de caules de E. grandis e, também, alta homologia a genes Dof previamente caracterizados em tecidos vasculares de outros vegetais. As regiões codificadoras desses genes foram amplificadas por PCR e clonadas no vetor de entrada pENTR/D-TOPO (Invitrogen). Por recombinação, os genes foram transferidos para o vetor pH7WG2D (VIB) para expressão em Arabidopsis thaliana. Os genes Dof também foram clonados no vetor pGEX-4T-1 (GE Healthcare) para a expressão heteróloga em Escherichia coli Plantas de A. thaliana foram transformadas com os vetores binários pelo método de imersão floral e as sementes foram selecionadas com o antibiótico higromicina. Apenas duas plantas para o gene D00607 e duas para o gene K00405 foram obtidas. As plantas transgênicas estão atualmente sob cultivo para serem geradas linhagens homozigotas e, assim, caracterizadas molecularmente. Além disso, a localização subcelular foi verificada pela expressão transiente de Dof::GFP em folhas de Nicotiana benthamiana. A expressão de GFP foi detectada difusa no citoplasma e no núcleo. Entretanto, esses ensaios deverão ser repetidos para confirmação dos resultados. Em paralelo, células de E. coli BL21 (DE3) pT-GroE foram transformadas com os vetores pGEX-4T-1-D01698 e pGEX-4T-1-D00607. A expressão gênica foi induzida durante 20 h a 20oC com 1 mM IPTG. As proteínas foram detectadas na fração solúvel por SDS-PAGE e western blot e, posteriormente, purificadas por cromatografia de afinidade. A expressão bem sucedida das proteínas Dof em E. coli permitirá a produção dessas proteínas para futuros estudos de caracterização funcional. / DNA binding with one finger (Dof) proteins comprehend a family of plant exclusive transcription factors characterized by the presence of the Dof DNA binding domain whose structure is similar to the zinc finger domain. They are associated with diverse biological plant processes such as germination, flowering and many others. The aim of this work was to functionally characterize three Dof genes from Eucalyptus grandis in order to evaluate their role in the biogenesis of vascular system. Based on previous results related to the E. grandis Dof gene family studies obtained by our group, we chose three genes (D01698, D00607 and K00405) with higher expression profile in vascular tissues of E. grandis stalk, as well as with higher homology to Dof genes previously characterized as critical to the genesis of vascular tissues. The CDS of these genes were amplified by PCR and cloned into pENTR/D-TOPO entry vector (Invitrogen). Via recombination, Dof genes were then transferred to the pH7WG2D binary vector (VIB) for the expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. They were also cloned into the pGEX-4T-1 vector (GE Healthcare) for Escherichia coli recombinant gene expression. A. thaliana plants were genetically transformed with recombinant binary plasmids by the floral dip method and seeds were selected by hygromycin resistance Only two plants for the D00607 gene and two plants for the K00405 gene were obtained. Plants are being cultivated in order to obtain homozygous individuals and they will be molecularly characterized. Additionally, subcellular localization was verified by transient expression of Dof::GFP in Nicotiana benthamiana and the expression of GFP was detected at the cytoplasm and nucleus. However, these assays need to be repeated in order to confirm the previous results. In parallel, E. coli BL21 (DE3) pT-GroE cells were transformed with pGEX-4T-1- D01698 and pGEX-4T-1-D00607. Gene expression was induced for 20 h at 20 oC with 1 mM IPTG for protein production. Proteins were detected in the soluble fraction by SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis and then were purified by affinity chromatography. The successful expression of Dof proteins in E. coli provides a way to produce these proteins for future functional characterization studies.

The genus Eucalyptus has been planted extensively throughout the world in tropical and subtropical regions, primarily because of its economic importance and use in wood and pulp production. Due to the growing demands for timber, forestry companies need to increase the productivity of available forest land. The genetic improvement of forest trees through selection and breeding involves a lengthy process of scientifically controlled trials focused on short-term and long-term goals using breeding and production populations. This investigation focused on the use of Best Linear Prediction (BLP) and its application to: (1) the prediction of genetic gains for a breeding population and, (2) the selection of superior individuals for clonal production of E. grandis. A CSIR dataset for a 20-year-old progeny trial involving 90 open-pollinated families was obtained. Four traits, namely, diameter at breast height (DBH), stem form, splitting and density were identified for use in this investigation. Relevant data were extracted and a file termed, Dataset created. Dataset was edited, standardized and corrected for the fixed effect of replication using SAS® procedures. Precise and accurate population parameter estimates are fundamental in determining breeding strategies and thus, heritabilities of each trait and phenotypic correlations between traits in Dataset were estimated using SAS® procedures. DBH was found to have the highest heritability (0.600), followed by density (0.492). The estimated heritability for stem form was 0.401 and splitting had the lowest heritability at 0.214. A high positive phenotypic correlation of 0.83 was estimated between DBH and stem form. The phenotypic correlations between other traits were close to zero. An index provides a weighted score for individuals, which takes all relevant information into account and allows individuals or families to be chosen for breeding and production purposes. Consequently, Best Linear Prediction (BLP) of individual breeding values were calculated using MATGEN® (2003). Thereafter, BLP values were used to determine the rankings of individual trees for 15 different selection indices. In order to determine the effect of selection on the change in the population mean of a trait, the breeding population's response to selection was predicted and compared across three selection strategies, namely: (1) individual selection, (2) single-trait index selection, and (3) multiple-trait index selection. The top 8% of individuals in the breeding population were selected for and the genetic gains were predicted. It was found that the response to selection was greatest when using individual selection. Furthermore, DBH had the best selection response for all three strategies as compared to the other traits under investigation. Fifteen indices, considering different numbers and choice of traits, were compared for commonality among rankings of the top 30 individuals. Two methods, namely, (1) a rank-correlation matrix and (2) a manual assessment, were used. The commonality between indices showed that a simple index, considering two traits (DBH and density) was equally effective (93%) in identifying genetically-superior individuals as the more complex index that considered four traits. Furthermore, it was possible to select for only three traits (DBH, splitting, density) and identify the same top 30 individuals as using the index that considered four traits. The researcher's goal was to find the most desirable individuals in the population to be used for production purposes, such as clonal forestry. Consequently, various selection options, specifying certain trait requirements, were used to select superior individuals for use in production and deployment. The "commercial selection" option was the only option successful in obtaining an individual that met the required criteria for the four traits in the population of 475 individuals. The results suggested that breeders should consider large populations and only a few important traits in order to obtain a greater number of individuals suitable for mass propagation in clonal forestry. In order to further investigate the effect of population size on the number of individuals suitable for clonal forestry, a hypothetical population was generated. This was accomplished using between family and within family standard deviation values obtained from Dataset. The large hypothetical population of 1000 individuals produced twelve individuals suitable for production purposes, as opposed to only one in the real population of 475 individuals. This result further indicates that a larger population provides a greater number of individuals appropriate for use in production and deployment. This investigation successfully addressed the aims by: (1) calculating individual breeding values (BLP) and ranking individuals, (2) predicting the breeding population's response to selection, according to three strategies, for the four traits under investigation, and (3) identifying superior individuals for use in commercial clonal forestry. As the work of tree breeders is aimed at improving the growth and quality of trees by increasing the frequency of desirable genotypes in the population, further research could focus on (1) the effect of different sets of economic weightings on index rankings in a population and (2) the influence that population structure has on the optimal genetic gains obtained. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.

The use of remotely sensed data to estimate forest attributes involves the acquisition of ground forest data. Recently the acquisition of ground data (field based) to estimate leaf area index (LAI) and biomass are becoming expensive and time consuming. Thus there is a need for an easy but yet effective means of predicting the LAI, which serves as an input to the forest growth prediction models and the quantification of water use by forests. The ability to predict LAI, biomass and eventually water use over a large area remotely using remotely sensed data is sought after by the forestry companies. Remotely sensed LAI values provide the opportunity to gain spatial information on plant biophysical attributes that can be used in spatial growth indices and process based growth models. In this study remotely sensed images were transformed into LAI value estimates, through the use of four vegetation indices (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Corrected Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVlc), Ratio Vegetation Index (RVI) and Normalized Ratio Vegetation Index (NRVI). Ground based measurements (Destructive Sampling and Leaf Canopy Analyzer) relating to LAI were obtained in order to evaluate the vegetation indices value estimates. All four vegetation indices values correlated significantly with the ground-based measurements, with the NDVI correlating the highest. These results suggested that NDVI is the best in estimating the LAI in Eucalyptus grandis x camaldulensis in the Zululand region with correlation coefficients of 0.78 for destructive sampling and 0.75 for leaf canopy analyzer. Visual inspection of scatter plots suggested that the relations between NDVI and ground based measurements were variable, with R2 values of 0.61 for destructive sampling and 0.55 for Leaf Canopy analyzer. These LAI estimates obtained through remotely sense data showed a great promise in South African estimation of LAI values of Eucalyptus grandis x camaldulensis. Thus water use and biomass can be quantified at a less expensive and time-consuming rate but yet efficiently and effectively. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2001.

Submitted by Reginaldo Soares de Freitas (reginaldo.freitas@ufv.br) on 2017-02-15T16:44:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2717053 bytes, checksum: 3c55e425d0ace7c2fad945c8a704e310 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-15T16:44:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2717053 bytes, checksum: 3c55e425d0ace7c2fad945c8a704e310 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-02-22 / O crescimento e a dinâmica de copa foram avaliados em plantas de clone de Eucalyptus grandis submetidas a diferentes tratamentos de desrama artificial e desbaste, em Abaeté, MG. Foram utilizadas combinações de diferentes intensidades de desrama (altura de remoção dos galhos a partir do solo), freqüências (número de intervenções necessárias para atingir 6 m de altura livre de galhos) e idade de aplicação da primeira intervenção de desrama (16, 20 e 28 meses de idade). Aos 55 meses de idade, procedeu-se o desbaste, eliminando 35% do número total de árvores em cada parcela do experimento. A fim de comparar o comportamento das árvores em área desbastada e não desbastada, foi realizada uma simulação de desbaste em área não desbastada, selecionando o mesmo número de árvores que seriam eliminadas, caso o desbaste tivesse ocorrido. O índice de área foliar (IAF) apresentou valor médio de 2,75, aos 55 meses de idade, reduzindo para 1,98, logo após a realização do desbaste. Devido à recomposição foliar, seis meses depois, o IAF aumentou para 2,99 e, aos 68 meses, para 3,11, na área desbastada. Aos 68 meses de idade, o IAF na área não desbastada foi 22,64 % mais elevado na área desbastada. A transmissividade da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (t%) aumentou de 11,96% para 22,73%, logo após o desbaste (55 meses) e, aos 68 meses, reduziu para 16,76%, devido à recomposição foliar das plantas. Aos 68 meses de idade, em área não desbastada, t% foi de 9,55 %, significativamente inferior ao observado em área desbastada. O índice de cobertura vegeta (IC), aos 55 meses de idade, reduziu de 0,83 para 0,69, após a realização do desbaste. Aos 68 meses de idade, o IC foi de 0,70, ou seja, este método foi menos sensível às mudanças do desenvolvimento da copa, comparativamente ao método utilizando o IAF e t%. Aos 68 meses de idade, foi observada grande quantidade de galhos médios e grossos em árvores não desramadas até a altura de 6 m, demonstrando a importância da aplicação de desrama artificial, pois estes galhos são os responsáveis pela presença de nós na madeira. Nesta idade, as plantas da área desbastada apresentaram maior quantidade de folhas e galhos vivos em estratos mais baixos da copa do que na área não desbastada, em razão da maior competição na área desbastada. A quantidade de manta orgânica acumulada no solo, aos 55 meses de idade, foi 5,48, 3,37 e 0,50 t/ha, e, aos 68 meses de idade, foi 5,23, 4,64 e 1,26 t/ha de folha, galho e casca, respectivamente. Aos 68 meses de idade, não foi verificada diferença signifi- cativa, ao nível de 5% de probabilidade, entre os tratamentos de desrama artificial, para o crescimento em altura, diâmetro e volume, independentemente da idade de aplicação da primeira intervenção de desrama. Nesta idade, o crescimento diamétrico das árvores remanescentes em área desbastada foi superior ao das plantas superiores, em área não desbastada. Aos 55 e 68 meses de idade houve maior proporção de árvores com maior diâmetro nas parcelas que receberam a primeira intervenção de desrama aos 20 meses de idade. Em resumo, verificou-se que a desrama artificial utilizada não afetou negativamente o crescimento das plantas do clone estudado, porém, deve ser realizada o mais cedo possível para obter maior produção de madeira limpa. Também, foi observado que este clone apresenta elevada capacidade de recomposição da copa um ano após desbaste, indicando que as árvores remanescentes deverão apresentar elevada taxa de crescimento em diâmetro. / Growth and crown dynamics of an Eucalyptus grandis clone, submitted to artificial pruning and thinning, were studied in Abaeté, MG, Brazil (latitude 19o16’34”S and longitude 45o44’56”W). Plants were submitted to various combinations of pruning intensities (height from the ground for branch removal) frequencies (number of interventions needed to reach 6 m height free of branches), and age of the first intervention (16, 20 and 28 months-old). At the age of 55 months, thinning was applied by removing 35% of the total number of trees in each plot of the experiment. Leaf area index (LAI) decreased from 2.75 to 1.98 immediately after thinning. A significant LAI recovery was verified six months after thinning, when reached 2.99, increasing up to 3.11 at the age of 68 months. The LAI of the non thinned forest was 22.6% higher than that of the thinned forest, at the age of 68 months. This indicates the capacity of remnant trees after thinning to keep expanding their crown. Photosynthetic active radiation transmissivity (t%) increased from 11.9 to 22.7%, shortly after thinning, and, at the age of 68 months, it reduced to 16.8%, due to leaf recover. In the non thinned forest, transmissivity was 9.6%, which is significantly smaller than in the thinned forest. The vegetation cover index obtained from digital photographs, at the age of 55 months, reduced significantly with thinning, from 0.83 to 0.69, and, at the age of 68 months, it was only 0.70, showing that this method was less sensitive to crown dynamic, if compared to the method using the LAI and t%. By the age of 68 months, a great quantity of medium and large branches was observed on trees which were not pruned up to the height of 6 m from the soil, showing the importance of the artificial pruning. These branches are responsible for the presence of knots in the sawn boards. At this age, the plants in the thinned forest showed a greater quantity of leaves and live branches in the lower strata than those in the non thinned forest, due to the higher competition in the non thinned forest. Litter accumulation, at the age of 55 months, was of 5.48, 3.37 and 0.50 ton/ha of leaves, branches and bark, respectively. No significant differences, at 5% probability, were observed between the artificial pruning treatments, for the growth in height, diameter and volume, independently of the age of the first pruning intervention, up to 68 months. At this age, the growth in diameter of the remaining (superior) trees in the thinned forest was slightly higher than for the superior trees in the non thinned forest. At 55 and 68 months of age, it was observed a greater proportion of larger trees in the plots that received the first pruning intervention at the age of 20 months, as compared to those pruned at 16 and 28 months. The overall results indicated that pruning treatment applied to this clone had no detrimental effect on plant growth. Therefore, it should be applied as early as possible to produce larger extension of clear wood. Also, based on the crown recovery of the clone studied, one year after thinning, it can be expected that the remnant tree will present higher diameter growth rate. / Não foi localizado o cpf do autor.

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