Orientador: Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem / Coorientador: Marcelle Danelon / Banca: Denise Pedrini / Banca: Ana Carolina Magalhães / Resumo: Objetivo: Analisar in vitro a energia livre de superfície ( s) no esmalte dentário após o tratamento com diferentes concentrações de Trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) ou Glicerofosfato de cálcio (CaGP), exposto ou não a solução contendo cálcio (Ca) e fosfato (PO4), assim como determinar a adsorção de TMP, CaGP, Ca e PO4 ao esmalte dentário. Método: Blocos de esmalte bovino (n=192; 24 blocos/grupo) planificados e polidos foram tratados (2 mL/bloco/2 minutos) com TMP (0, 1, 3 e 9%) ou CaGP (0, 0,25, 0,5 e 1%), expostos ou não a solução contendo Ca/PO4. TMP, CaGP, Ca e PO4 foram analisados nas soluções antes e após o tratamento para calcular a adsorção ao esmalte. A s, os componentes apolar ( sLW) e polar ( sAB), e ácido/base ( s+/ s ) foram calculados pelo ângulo de contato de três líquidos sondas (água, diiodometano e etilenoglicol). Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA seguido pelo teste Student-Newman-Keuls (p<0,05). Resultados: A adsorção de TMP foi dose-dependente (p<0,001) e reduziu a s e sAB, e aumentou a s, quando comparado ao grupo sem TMP (p<0,001). A solução contendo Ca/PO4 aumentou a s (p<0,050) e a sAB (p<0,001) e reduziu a s (p<0,001). Houve correlação entre a adsorção de TMP e Ca (r = 0,916; p<0,001) e P (r = 0,899; p<0,001) ao esmalte. A adsorção de CaGP ao esmalte foi dose-dependente (p<0,001) diminuindo a s, sLW e s quando comparado ao grupo sem CaGP (p<0,001). Quando exposto à solução de Ca/PO4, houve aumento da sLW e s, e diminuição da sAB (p<0,001), sem adsorção... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Objective : I n vitro analysis of free surface enamel ( g s ) i n dental enamel after treatment with different concentrations of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) or calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP), exposed or not to the solution containi ng calcium (Ca) and ph osphate ( PO 4 ), as well as to determine the adsorption of TMP, CaGP, Ca and P O 4 to the dental enamel. Design: Bovine enamel blocks (n = 192; 24 blocks/group) planned were treated (2 mL/ block; 2 minutes) with TMP (0, 1, 3 e 9%), CaGP (0, 0.25, 0.5 e 1 %) ex posed or not to the solution containing CaPO 4 were analyzed in the solutions before and after the treatment will be de- termined for the calculation of the adsorption of these to the enamel . The g s and their components g s LW Lifshitz - van der Waals surface tens ion component, g s AB and Lewis acid - base interaction ( g s + / g s - ) was calculated by measuring the contact angles of three liquids probes (deionized water, diiodomethane and ethylene gly- col). The data were submited to ANOVA followed by Student - Newman Keuls tes t (p<0.05). Results: The adsorption of TMP was dose - dependent (p<0.001) re- duced the g s and g s AB when compared to the group without TMP (p<0.001). The solution containing Ca/PO 4 increased the g s, g s AB and reduced the g s - (p<0.001). There was a correlation b etween adsorption of TMP and Ca (r = 0.916; p<0.001) and P (r = 0.899; p<0.001) to the enamel. The adsorption of CaGP to the enamel was dose - dependent (p<0 . 001) reduc... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves [1-20]). A systematic analysis of wear involving the in vitro analysis of the wear of standard composite resin and glass ionomer cements restorations under controlled conditions; and, the qualitative and quantitative investigation of wear over a range of pH's and loads which might be encountered clinically in order to develop a "wear map" of the micromorphology of wearing teeth and restorations and a systematic modeling of wear rates.

<p>Rapid wound healing is important to regain the skins protective function after injury. Studies have shown that enamel matrix proteins (EMP) have many desirable effects which may accelerate wound healing [Bosshardt <em>et al.</em> 2008].</p><p> </p><p>Polymers (Polymer A, B and C) were formed into a mat form, with or without incorporated enamel matrix derivative (EMD) (Collaboration partner). The materials may be suitable for wound care and drug delivery systems.</p><p> </p><p>Protein release tests were performed on samples incubated in physiological-like solution using pyrogallol red staining, ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Protein was detected in Polymer A material samples, compared to a reference material sample, using pyrogallol red staining. An in vitro experiment showed that normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) cultivated with Polymer A material (with EMD) had significantly higher viability than NHDF cultivated with reference material (Polymer A without EMD) and comparable viability to fibroblasts grown with either 0.1 mg EMD in solution or with 10% fetal calf serum. Images taken of Polymer A material, with incorporated Fluorescein isothiocyanate- (FITC) labeled EMD, indicate a homogenous distribution of EMD peptides and/or EMD aggregates throughout the material. A dressing which contains an active substance may have clinical promise for wound care applications.</p>

Rapid wound healing is important to regain the skins protective function after injury. Studies have shown that enamel matrix proteins (EMP) have many desirable effects which may accelerate wound healing [Bosshardt et al. 2008]. Polymers (Polymer A, B and C) were formed into a mat form, with or without incorporated enamel matrix derivative (EMD) (Collaboration partner). The materials may be suitable for wound care and drug delivery systems. Protein release tests were performed on samples incubated in physiological-like solution using pyrogallol red staining, ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Protein was detected in Polymer A material samples, compared to a reference material sample, using pyrogallol red staining. An in vitro experiment showed that normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) cultivated with Polymer A material (with EMD) had significantly higher viability than NHDF cultivated with reference material (Polymer A without EMD) and comparable viability to fibroblasts grown with either 0.1 mg EMD in solution or with 10% fetal calf serum. Images taken of Polymer A material, with incorporated Fluorescein isothiocyanate- (FITC) labeled EMD, indicate a homogenous distribution of EMD peptides and/or EMD aggregates throughout the material. A dressing which contains an active substance may have clinical promise for wound care applications.

Organic solvents in varnish can easily cause volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odorous problems in manufacturing plants of enamel insulated wire. In general, the related process exhaust gases are treated by catalytic incinerators. However, the slight odors in the incinerated exhausts may induce uncomfortable feels to the inhabitants in the vicinity of the plants. Main components of odors are reported to be xylenes and to a lesser extent ketones. This study intended to oxidize the odorous compounds by chemical scrubbing method with either sodium hypochlorite or ozone as an oxidant and hydrogen peroxide as a reducing agent for the elimination of residual chlorine or ozone emitted from the oxidation scrubber. An additional study was the oxidation of aqueous mixed xylenes by sodium hypochlorite. The first part of the study was the chemical oxidation of aqueous xylenes by sodium hypochlorite. Results indicated that more than 95 % of 20 mg/L xylenes could be converted to some oxygenated hydrocarbons with an initial effective chlorine concentration of 180 mg/L at pH 6.5 over a prolonged reaction time of over 120 min. With pH < 3 and a reaction time of 120 min, xylenes could be oxidized to benzene carboxylic acid that precipitated as organic crystalline solids to the reactor bottom. The second part was chemical scrubbing of the odorous gases emitted from the catalytic incinerator. Operation conditions were an effective chlorine concentration of 1,500 mg/L and pH 6.5 for the oxidative scrubbing liquor, and a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 700 mg/L and pH > 12 for the reductive one. Results indicated that on an average, around 59 % of the influent xylenes could be removed, and the scrubbed gas was nearly odorless. 65.0 - 98.5 % of the influent non-aromatic compounds could be removed with trace amounts of chlorinated compounds in the gas were detected. The third one was the treatment of the odorous gases by using ozone as an oxidant and followed by activated carbon adsorption. 18 - 34 mg/m3 of ozone was added to the test gas with initial xylene concentrations of 25 - 55 mg/m3. Results indicated that only around 35 % of the added xylene was removed with ozone contact times of 0.15 - 0.6 min. Although 99.9 % of the residual ozone and odors were removed by the activated carbon, a longer operation time should be tested to verify the performance. Trace amounts of ring cleavage precursors of 2.4-dimethylphenol and ring cleavage products were found in the ozonized gas.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Melbourne, Melbourne Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, 2010. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.

Thèse--Basel. / Bibliography: v. 1, p. 81-82.

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Dentistry / Master / Master of Philosophy

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a genetically determined enamel defect characterized by genetic and clinical heterogeneity . The prevalence and incidence of AI were established in the county of Västerbotten, northern Sweden, in 3-19-yr-olds born 1963-79, as were the mode of inheritance and clinical manifestation of AI. The distribution of the inorganic component in the enamel of AI teeth was studied as well as the surface morphology and other morphological details, and the findings were correlated to genetic and clinical data. AI was diagnosed in 79 children and adolescents (index cases). The prevalence in the study population was 1.4: 1 000. The mean yearly incidence 1963-79 was 1.3:1 000. The inheritance patterns for AI were established in 78 index cases from 51 families. Pedigree and segregation analyses suggested autosomal dominant (AD) inheritance in 3 3 families, autosomal recessive (AR) in six families, and X- linked recessive in two families; in ten families only sporadic cases were found. In one of the families with an AD inheritance pattern, X-linked dominant was a possible alternative. Examination of the families of the 78 index cases revealed 107 new cases of AI. The hypoplastic form was seen in 72% of all diagnosed cases and the hypomineralization form in 28% of the cases. A further classification of the clinical manifestations led to the identification of eight clinical variants. In 3 3 of the 51 families the same clinical variant was found in all affected members. In eight families affected members were assigned to different clinical variants. In three families with an X-linked inheritance pattern for AI, the clinical manifestation differed between women and men due to lyo- nization. Among the remaining five families, with an AD inheritance pattern for AI, variants clinically characterized by hypoplasia as well as variants characterized by hypomineralization were found in three families; in the other two families the clinical manifestation varied within the same main form of AI, i.e. hypoplasia or hypomineralization. Hypoplasia as well as hypomineralization were observed microradiographically in the enamel of most of the examined teeth. These findings were supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both clinically and microradiographically as well as by SEM, similar variants of AI were found as AD and AR traits and/or among the sporadic cases. In the families with AI as an X-linked trait the genetic hypothesis was confirmed by the clinical, microradiographic and scanning electron microscopic findings. / <p>S. 1-46: sammanfattning, s. 47-134: 5 uppsatser</p> / digitalisering@umu