The increase in energy demand throughout the world has forced the oil industry to develop and expand on current technologies to optimize well productivity. Distributed temperature sensing has become a current and fairly inexpensive way to monitor performance in hydraulic fractured wells in real time by the aid of fiber optic. However, no applications have yet been attempted to describe or estimate the fracture parameters using distributed temperature sensing as the observation parameter. The Ensemble Kalman Filter, a recursive filter, has proved to be an effective tool in the application of inverse problems to determine parameters of non-linear models. Even though large amounts of data are acquired as the information used to apply an estimation, the Ensemble Kalman Filter effectively minimizes the time of operation by only using “snapshots” of the ensembles collected by various simulations where the estimation is updated continuously to be calibrated by comparing it to a reference model. A reservoir model using ECLIPSE is constructed that measures temperature throughout the wellbore. This model is a hybrid representation of what distributed temperature sensing measures in real-time throughout the wellbore. Reservoir and fracture parameters are selected in this model with similar properties and values to an unconventional well. However, certain parameters such as fracture width are manipulated to significantly diminish the computation time. A sensitivity study is performed for all the reservoir and fracture parameters in order to understand which parameters require more or less data to allow the Ensemble Kalman Filter to arrive to an acceptable estimation. Two fracture parameters are selected based on their low sensitivity and importance in fracture design to perform the Ensemble Kalman Filter on various simulations. Fracture permeability has very low sensitivity. However, when applying the estimation the Ensemble Kalman Filter arrives to an acceptable estimation. Similarly fracture halflength, with medium sensitivity, arrives to an acceptable estimation around the same number of integration steps. The true effectiveness of the Ensemble Kalman Filter is presented when both parameters are estimated jointly and arrive to an acceptable estimation without being computationally expensive. The effectiveness of the Ensemble Kalman Filter is directly connected to the quantity of data acquired. The more data available to run simulations, the better and faster the filter performs.

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L’identité est un des concepts qui ne peuvent pas être contournés dans nos efforts pour appréhender la politique mondiale. Tout effort dans cette direction implique nécessairement une certaine conceptualisation de l’identité, une certaine vision de qui sont le Nous et les Autres et de comment ils se manifestent sur la scène politique internationale. Depuis sa création, la discipline des Relations Internationales a cependant marginalisé ou même exclu tout intérêt pour les questions et les enjeux reliés à l’identité, les qualifiant comme non pertinents pour l’étude de la politique internationale. C’est surtout après la fin de la Guerre froide que l’identité est revenue en force et que nous avons assisté à une ouverture de la discipline aux réflexions sur l’identité et sur ses relations avec l’altérité. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’analyser si le retour de l’identité en Relations Internationales a aussi conduit au dépassement des conceptualisations traditionnelles du vivre ensemble dans la discipline – conceptualisations qui, soit excluent la différence, soit l’ignorent complètement - pour offrir une nouvelle manière de définir et de « contenir » théoriquement la diversité au niveau mondial. Mon hypothèse de départ est que pour avoir un changement dans la conceptualisation du vivre ensemble dans la discipline des Relations Internationales, le retour de l’identité doit nécessairement impliquer une reconceptualisation autant de l’identité que des rapports de pouvoirs dans lesquels les identités sont imbriquées. À travers une analyse qualitative du discours sur l’identité développé par les auteurs qui ont contribué au retour de l’identité dans la discipline, je développe l’idée que le retour de l’identité en Relations Internationales n’a pas conduit à une reconceptualisation du vivre ensemble dans la discipline, soit parce que l’identité continue d’être appréhendée en termes essentialistes et totalisants, soit parce que les rapports de pouvoir qui s’établissent entre les identités sont négligés.

Syftet med denna undersökning är att studera olika ensemblelärares strategier för att öka elevernas delaktighet. Lärarna arbetar på gymnasiets estetiska program. Ett särskilt fokus ligger på inledningen av undervisningen. För att utveckla syftet ställs följande frågor: Hur ser inledningen av lektionerna ut, är alla elever delaktiga från starten? På vilket sätt förebildar ensemblelärarna? Hur kommunicerar ensemblelärarna med eleverna? Som metod används en kvalitativ undersökning i form av semistrukturerade observationer. Tre olika lärare på två gymnasieskolor i Stockholm observeras. Dokumentation genomförs med hjälp av ett observationsschema och genom videodokumentering. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten i undersökningen hämtas från det sociokulturella perspektivet. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att lärarnas sätt att undervisa är situerat i respektive undervisningssituation och dess miljö. Lärarnas situerade förhållningssätt i undervisningen utförs på så vis att lärarna anpassar sin ledartyp till elevernas nivå, allmänna inställning och genreinriktning. En gemensam slutsats för samtliga observationer är att lärarna tillför mycket till ensembleundervisningen och dess elever genom att själva vara med och spela eller sjunga. Detta görs på huvudsakligen två sätt: genom förebildning eller genom ackompanjemang.

Tropical cyclone (TC) track and intensity forecasts have improved in recent years due to increased model resolution, improved data assimilation, and the rapid increase in the number of routinely assimilated observations over oceans. The data assimilation approach that has received the most attention in recent years is Ensemble Kalman Filtering (EnKF). The most attractive feature of the EnKF is that it uses a fully flow-dependent estimate of the error statistics, which can have important benefits for the analysis of rapidly developing TCs. We implement the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter algorithm, a variation of the EnKF, on a reduced-resolution version of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS) model and the NCEP Regional Spectral Model (RSM) to build a coupled global-limited area analysis/forecast system. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that such a system is used for the analysis and forecast of tropical cyclones. We use data from summer 2004 to study eight tropical cyclones in the Northwest Pacific. The benchmark data sets that we use to assess the performance of our system are the NCEP Reanalysis and the NCEP Operational GFS analyses from 2004. These benchmark analyses were both obtained by the Statistical Spectral Interpolation, which was the operational data assimilation system of NCEP in 2004. The GFS Operational analysis assimilated a large number of satellite radiance observations in addition to the observations assimilated in our system. All analyses are verified against the Joint Typhoon Warning Center Best Track data set. The errors are calculated for the position and intensity of the TCs. The global component of the ensemble-based system shows improvement in position analysis over the NCEP Reanalysis, but shows no significant difference from the NCEP operational analysis for most of the storm tracks. The regional component of our system improves position analysis over all the global analyses. The intensity analyses, measured by the minimum sea level pressure, are of similar quality in all of the analyses. Regional deterministic forecasts started from our analyses are generally not significantly different from those started from the GFS operational analysis. On average, the regional experiments performed better for longer than 48 h sea level pressure forecasts, while the global forecast performed better in predicting the position for longer than 48 h.

This dissertation describes research designed to enhance hydrometeorological forecasts. The objective of the research is to deliver an optimal methodology to produce reliable, skillful and economically valuable probabilistic temperature and precipitation forecasts. Weather plays a dominant role for energy companies relying on forecasts of watershed precipitation and temperature to drive reservoir models, and forecasts of temperatures to meet energy demand requirements. Extraordinary precipitation events and temperature extremes involve consequential water- and power-management decisions. This research compared weighted-average, recursive, and model output statistics bias-correction methods and determined optimal window-length to calibrate temperature and precipitation forecasts. The research evaluated seven different methods for daily maximum and minimum temperature forecasts, and three different methods for daily quantitative precipitation forecasts, within a region of complex terrain in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. This research then examined ensemble prediction system design by assessing a three-model suite of multi-resolution limited area mesoscale models. The research employed two different economic models to investigate the ensemble design that produced the highest-quality, most valuable forecasts. The best post-processing methods for temperature forecasts included moving-weighted average methods and a Kalman filter method. The optimal window-length proved to be 14 days. The best post-processing methods for achieving mass balance in quantitative precipitation forecasts were a moving-average method and the best easy systematic estimator method. The optimal window-length for moving-average quantitative precipitation forecasts was 40 days. The best ensemble configuration incorporated all resolution members from all three models. A cost/loss model adapted specifically for the hydro-electric energy sector indicated that operators managing rainfall-dominated, high-head reservoirs should lower their reservoir with relatively low probabilities of forecast precipitation. A reservoir-operation model based on decision theory and variable energy pricing showed that applying an ensemble-average or full-ensemble precipitation forecast provided a much greater profit than using only a single deterministic high-resolution forecast. Finally, a bias-corrected super-ensemble prediction system was designed to produce probabilistic temperature forecasts for ten cities in western North America. The system exhibited skill and value nine days into the future when using the ensemble average, and 12 days into the future when employing the full ensemble forecast.

Thesis (M.M.)--Conservatory of Music. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2006. / For chorus and wind ensemble. "A thesis in music composition." Madeleine L'Engle, poet ; Paul Rudy, advisor Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Nov. 12, 2007. Online version of the print edition.

Thesis (M.M.)--Conservatory of Music. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2007. / "A thesis in music composition." Typescript. Advisor: Chen Yi. Includes vita and English translation of text. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Nov. 13, 2007. Online version of the print edition.

Thesis (M.M.) -- Florida State University, 2003. / Advisor: Ladislav Kubik, Florida State University, School of Music. Title and description from thesis home page (viewed 9-27-04). Document formatted into pages; contains 31 pages. Includes biographical sketch.