<p>I takt med Försvarsmaktens ökade engagemang internationellt och det faktum att alla insatsförband inom Försvarsmakten ska kunna verka på alla konfliktnivåer och i en urban miljö kommer nya krav och behov på bekämpningsförmågan att uppstå avseende precisionsbekämpning.</p><p>Med hjälp av ett GIS kopplat till EOI:et vid en insats i en urban miljö kan en rad vinster erhållas för att stödja artilleriet vad avser precisionsbekämpning.<em> </em>Exempel på sådana områden är: målverifiering, justering av målkoordinater, lägesuppfattning avseende målets närmiljö, redovisning och presentation av verkansområde inför en insats för dimensionering av verkan.</p> / <p>The Swedish Armed Forces’ increasing engagement in international conflicts and the fact that all units in the Armed Forces should be able to participate and solve tasks in urban environments and in all levels of conflict will put new demands on and needs for the combat ability regard to the precision fire.</p><p>This paper will discuss the use of geographic information system (GIS) together with the forward observation instrument (EOI) and how it can support the artillery concerning precision fire in an urban environment.</p> / ChpT 08-10

I takt med Försvarsmaktens ökade engagemang internationellt och det faktum att alla insatsförband inom Försvarsmakten ska kunna verka på alla konfliktnivåer och i en urban miljö kommer nya krav och behov på bekämpningsförmågan att uppstå avseende precisionsbekämpning. Med hjälp av ett GIS kopplat till EOI:et vid en insats i en urban miljö kan en rad vinster erhållas för att stödja artilleriet vad avser precisionsbekämpning. Exempel på sådana områden är: målverifiering, justering av målkoordinater, lägesuppfattning avseende målets närmiljö, redovisning och presentation av verkansområde inför en insats för dimensionering av verkan. / The Swedish Armed Forces’ increasing engagement in international conflicts and the fact that all units in the Armed Forces should be able to participate and solve tasks in urban environments and in all levels of conflict will put new demands on and needs for the combat ability regard to the precision fire. This paper will discuss the use of geographic information system (GIS) together with the forward observation instrument (EOI) and how it can support the artillery concerning precision fire in an urban environment. / ChpT 08-10

<p>GNT Group is a Nordic/Baltic wholesaler that distributes products in the IT, entertainment and home electronics sector. GNT is facing problems with inaccurate inventory levels which can lead to unnecessarily high inventory carrying costs or lost sales. Currently the decisions about when and how many to order are made somewhat arbitrarily by the responsible personnel. Their decisions are based only on some brief sales history and on experience. </p><p>GNT wants to develop its ERP system to be able to support the purchaser in these and other related decisions. The purpose of this thesis is to give suggestions to what decisions the ERP system should support and how these decisions can be made. </p><p>The three main tasks in this thesis are to suggest how to calculate the optimal order quantity, how to calculate the optimal ordering point and how to decide whether it can be profitable to store an article in only one of GNT’s warehouses. </p><p>The suggested solution is based on a volume value/demand frequency classification which also takes an item’s life cycle characteristics into consideration. For the different classes suitable calculations and decisions are suggested concerning the three main tasks and issues related to them.</p>

GNT Group is a Nordic/Baltic wholesaler that distributes products in the IT, entertainment and home electronics sector. GNT is facing problems with inaccurate inventory levels which can lead to unnecessarily high inventory carrying costs or lost sales. Currently the decisions about when and how many to order are made somewhat arbitrarily by the responsible personnel. Their decisions are based only on some brief sales history and on experience. GNT wants to develop its ERP system to be able to support the purchaser in these and other related decisions. The purpose of this thesis is to give suggestions to what decisions the ERP system should support and how these decisions can be made. The three main tasks in this thesis are to suggest how to calculate the optimal order quantity, how to calculate the optimal ordering point and how to decide whether it can be profitable to store an article in only one of GNT’s warehouses. The suggested solution is based on a volume value/demand frequency classification which also takes an item’s life cycle characteristics into consideration. For the different classes suitable calculations and decisions are suggested concerning the three main tasks and issues related to them.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mario Marcio Saadi Lima.pdf: 1730347 bytes, checksum: 751db18885682b7fa9c4deb824858321 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-04 / The expression of interest has been used by agencies and government entities to receive technical works that can be used for structuring concessions and permissions, granted in accordance with Federal Law No. 8,987/1995 and Federal Law No. 11,079/2004. In Brazil, is based on norms already edited by entities of the federation and there are many examples of its use. Nevertheless, the theme demands reflection and systematic academic research, especially in regard to its use for carrying out the preparatory phase of the biddings and of the aspects that should comply with. For this reason, the present work has as its object the study of the expression of interest in light of the Brazilian legal framework. Due to its specific characteristics and the need of proceeding with holistic analysis, the present work studies the expression of interest under various aspects. There is the need for proper planning of concessions in the country and for methods to accomplish it. The expression of interest is considered as one of the alternatives the Governmental Bodies can use to achieve the proper planning. In such context, the work characterizes the expression of interest and presents the main features of acts issued on federal, state and municipal levels concerning the mechanism, in addition to examples of its use. Furthermore, it is presented the aspects of the expression of interest as a form of extension of public biddings for the granting of concessions and as a consensual action of the Public Administration. On the other hand, the work covers the aspects that must be considered to the expression of interest be transparent, motivated and controlled / O procedimento de manifestação de interesse tem sido empregado pelos órgãos e pelas entidades da Administração Pública para receber trabalhos técnicos que podem ser utilizados para a estruturação de concessões e permissões, outorgadas com base na Lei Federal 8.987/1995 e na Lei 11.079/2004. No Brasil, possui fundamento em atos normativos já editados por entes da federação e há diversos exemplos de sua utilização. Entretanto, ainda se trata de tema que demanda reflexões e pesquisas acadêmicas sistematizadas, especialmente no que tange ao seu uso para a realização da fase preparatória das licitações e dos contornos concretos que deve tomar. Por esta razão, o presente trabalho tem por objeto o estudo do procedimento de manifestação de interesse à luz do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Devido tanto às suas particularidades quanto à necessidade de sua análise holística, optou-se por realizar o estudo sob vertentes diversas. Parte-se da constatação de necessidade de adequado planejamento de concessões no país e da forma de realizá-lo. O procedimento de manifestação de interesse é enquadrado como uma das formas à disposição da Administração Pública para tanto. Nesse bojo, é pontua-se a noção do procedimento de manifestação de interesse e expõem-se as principais características de atos normativos federais, estaduais e municipais a respeito do tema, bem como de exemplos concretos de sua utilização. Sequencialmente, são apresentados os contornos do procedimento de manifestação de interesse, encarado como forma de extensão da competição relativa à outorga de concessões e de atuação concertada do Poder Público. De outro lado, são delineados os aspectos para que seja utilizado de forma transparente, motivada e controlada

Då dagens konflikter ofta utspelar sig mitt ibland civilbefolkningen och där aktörerna kan utgöras av allt från miliser till kriminella gäng ställs det nya krav på de militära förmågorna för att kunna agera i dessa komplexa miljöer. En generell trend för dagens artilleriförband är att de används till att verka mot mindre målgrupper utgörandes av två till fyra personer. Erfarenheter från konflikter i likhet med de i Irak och Afghanistan har visat på vikten av tillgång till precisionsbekämpning med indirekt eld för att undvika förluster bland de civila. En förutsättning för att kunna genomföra precisionbekämpning är att målets position kan lägesbestämmas med en mycket hög noggrannhet. Med hjälp av ett digitalt eldledningsstödssystem innehållandes en tredimensionell digital karta kopplat till EOI:et kan positionsfel i måluttaget i en urban miljö reduceras till under metern. / Today's conflicts often take place among the civilian population. Combatant can range from militias to criminal gangs. These conditions put new demand on the military capabilities to operate in these complex environments. A general trend of today's artillery units is that they must be able to act against smaller targets represented of groups of two - four persons. Experience from conflicts like those in Iraq and Afghanistan have demonstrated the need for the ability of precision fire in order to avoid casualties among the civilians and to reduce the risk of collateral damage. A prerequisite for the implementation of precision fire are that the target position can be determined with a very high accuracy.   With help of a digital fire management support systems containing a three-dimensional digital map linked to the FOI the target location error for the target in an urban environment can be reduced completely.

EFL classrooms in Sweden are multilingual spaces which consist of a wide range of learners with different backgrounds; constantly forcing teachers to adapt their practices to what they believe will be most beneficial for the students’ learning outcomes. This study focuses on teachers' language practices in EFL classrooms in lower secondary education. The study will present if English teacher practices involve translanguaging patterns or not through classroom observations. The observed practices will be examined and compared with additional data from post-observation interviews to gain context and the teachers’ beliefs to the observed practices. The study aims to map and increase our understanding of teachers' language practices in the EFL classroom, focusing on the perspectives of the teachers. Three different teachers were observed at two different schools in Stockholm, working with students in grades 7 and 9. Field notes and results showed that the observed practices were mainly English only and connected to “English as a base language” + Swedish. Only one teacher translanguaged but all teachers were aware and conscious of their teaching choices and their impact on students’ learning outcomes. Two out of three teachers could imagine incorporating translanguaging patterns in their teaching, while the third teacher believed in an English only approach with ultimate language immersion for proficiency development. The study showed that there is a slight difference in the role of the English language in the observed classrooms, which was expected since the syllabus (Lgr22) neither encourages nor prohibits the use of Swedish when teaching English; so naturally the different teachers use their linguistic resources differently. However, all teachers proclaimed to be aware and have conscious thoughts behind their teaching decisions and they all emphasised on “being understood” as the most important aspect. Lastly, it was revealed that students mirror the teachers' linguistic behaviour even if the teacher specifically tells them not to.