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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Affärssystemsprojekt : konsekvenser av att vara sluten eller öppen för förändringar

Andersson, Annika January 2016 (has links)
Affärssystemsprojekt är en väsentlig företeelse i organisationer. Allt ifrån små till större nationella och internationella företag har ett affärssystem som stöd för sina affärsprocesser. Införande och byte av affärssystem betraktas inom affärsvärlden som en av de mest krävande och riskfyllda förändringarna ett företag kan genomföra. Att studera affärssystemsprojekt är av intresse ur ett organisationsperspektiv eftersom resultatet får långvariga konsekvenser för organisationen. Interorganisatoriska affärssystemsprojekt består dessutom av parter från två organisationer, vilka har skilda typer av kompetenser och roller. I ett affärssystemsprojekt är begrepp som projektmål, tidsdimension, och interorganisatoriska team av vikt att diskutera. Kommunikation, funktionen som översättare mellan parterna och ledarnas delaktighet för att integrera informationsstrategier och affärsstrategier är, enligt tidigare forskning inom både informationssystems och projektforskning, av vikt att diskutera. Det finns olika synsätt på förändring och sambanden som råder vid genomförandet av affärssystemprojekt. Det ena är att projektdeltagarna bör vara slutna för förändring och det andra är att de bör vara öppna för förändring av projektmål, tid och team beroende på den kunskap som utvecklas. Studier som fokuserar på konsekvenser för organisationer av det ena eller andra synsättet är däremot begränsade. Studiens övergripande problem är att studera vilka konsekvenser det kan få för leverantörs respektive beställarorganisationerna om parterna är slutna respektive öppna för förändring. Avhandlingen avser att bidra till både näringsliv och affärssystemsforskningen genom att beskriva konsekvenser för leverantörs och beställarorganisationer av om parterna är slutna eller öppna för förändringar inom affärssystemsprojekt. Multipla och longitudinella fallstudier har genomförts för att uppmärksamma organisatoriska konsekvenser över tid. Studien har genomförts indelad i tre faser (1) en retrospektiv fas, (2) en observationsfas och (3) en longitudinell fas. Datainsamlingsmetoder som använts är intervjuer, observationer och dokumentgranskning för att beskriva konsekvenser för både leverantörs och beställarorganisationer som genomför affärssystemsprojekt. Resultaten visar att en öppenhet och en slutenhet för förändringar av projektmål, tid och team fick konsekvenser för de båda organisationerna. När båda parter var slutna för förändring blev det svårt att använda kunskap inom projekten. Leverantören identifierade strategiska lärandeprojekt innan de beslutade sig för att vara öppna för förändring. När beställarna var öppna för förändring och leverantören sluten för förändring genomförde beställarna lärande och förändringsprojekt utanför projekten och de gemensamma projekten sekventiellt. När båda parter var öppna för förändringar blev konsekvenserna varken system eller organisationsutveckling, vilket hade kunnat förväntas. Istället ledde det till kommunikationsbarriärer. I denna sammanläggningsavhandling sammanställs och beskrivs resultaten från studien av affärsystemsprojekt via fyra publicerade artiklar. / ERP-Projects are important activities within organizations. Most organizations use ERP-systems from small to large national and international companies. Actually, Business considers ERP projects as one of the most demanding and risky changes an organization can perform. An Investigation into ERP-projects is of interest from an organizational point of view because the result affects the organization in a long-term perspective. In addition, Interorganizational ERP-projects consists of team members from two different areas of business, who have different competencies and roles. Communication in-between the parties, the functionality for intermediary’s and the managers’ participation are important within information systems and project research. However, In ERP-projects are concepts such as project goal, timeframes and Interorganizational teams important to discuss. There are divergent approaches on change and associations that prevail in realization of the ERP-projects. One approach is that the project participants ought to be closed and the other is that they ought to be open for changes in project goals, time and team depending on the knowledge that is developed. The investigations comprehensive problem is to study organizational consequences within the supplier and the customers´ organizations if they are open or closed for change.   The aim of the dissertation is to contribute to both business and ERP research through a description of consequences for supplier and customer organizations if the parties are closed or open for change within ERP-projects.  Multiple and longitudinal case studies have been used to discover organizational consequences from a long-term perspective. The investigation is conducted in three phases (1) a retrospective phase (2) an observational phase and (3) a longitudinal phase. Data collection methods used is interviews, observations and document investigations to be able to describe consequences for both supplier and customers’ organizations that are performing ERP-projects. In the results, an openness and closeness to change of project goals, time frames and team resources within the projects were associated with consequences for both of the organizations. When both parties were closed to change it was difficult to utilize knowledge developed within the projects. The supplier identified strategical learning projects before they decided to be open for change. When the customers were open for change and the supplier closed for change the customers performed learning and change outside the common projects and the Interorganizational project sequential. When both parties were open for change the expected system and organizational development did not appear. Instead, when both parties had an openness for change there were plenty of communication barriers.  In this dissertation, the results from the investigation of ERP projects is compiled and described through four published articles.
2

Risk Managements påverkan för utfallet av ERP-projekt

Maunus, Hanna, Lindemark Engøy, Ann-Magritt January 2014 (has links)
Titel: Risk Managements påverkan för utfallet av ERP-projekt Författare: Ann-Magritt Lindemark Engøy och Hanna Maunus Handledare: Pär Vilhelmson Examinator: Sarah Philipson Kurs: Examensarbete företagsekonomi C, 15.0 hp Nyckelord: ERP-projekt, Projekt Management, Risk Management, risker i ERP-projekt, lyckade projekt, misslyckade projekt, The Iron Triangle. Syfte: Att undersöka vilka risker som är mest förekommande vid implementeringen av ERP-system och hur risk management kan reducera dessa. Metod: Kvalitativ metod, hermeneutik, fallstudier, semistrukturerade intervjuer, välgrundad teori. Resultat: Organisationens och projektets ledning hade större kunskaper om vilka risker som ville uppstå och olika risk management strategier än andra anställda och slutanvändarna av systemet.  Standardisering, samordning och automatisering av organisationens kärnprocesser var huvudsyften för att implementera ERP-system i organisationen. God planering av projektet är avgörande för ett lyckat resultat. Det är viktigt med bra kommunikation och tätt samarbete mellan de olika avdelningarna i projektet, och även med externa konsulter som till exempel leverantören av ERP-systemet. Riskanalys var en viktig del av projektens risk management strategi. En skicklig och flexibel projektledning hade stor betydelse för att risk management strategin fungerade. Resursproblem visade sig vara den största risken i de undersökta projekten. Change management visade sig vara en välanvänd metod för att minska organisationens motstånd mot ERP-projekt. Kostnadsbudgeten var inte det viktigaste målet att uppnå och The Iron Triangle visade sig inte vara så avgörande för om projektet ansågs lyckad eller misslyckad. Organisationerna använda sig mycket av upplärning av användarna för att åtgärda de risker som kan uppstå i samband med personalen. Risk management fungerade för projektledningen som ett verktyg för att åtgärda och även kontrollera projektrisker. Slutsatser: De vanligaste riskerna som upptäcktes i undersökningen var olika slags problem med personalen, tekniska problem, samarbetet med leverantören och kommunikationen mellan olika intressenter, att hålla projektets tidsschema och budget, samt tailoring av systemet och att se till att det fungerar i enlighet med syftet. Särskilt personalriskerna var många och utgjorde stora utmaningar för ERP-projekten. Studien visade även att risk management kan påverka utfallet av ERP-projekt positivt och hjälpa ERP-projekt att uppnå sina mål. / Title: Risk Managements influence on the outcome of ERP projects Authors: Ann-Magritt Lindemark Engøy & Hanna Maunus Tutor: Pär Vilhelmson Examiner: Sarah Philipson Course: Bachelor Thesis in Business Administration C, 15.0 hp Keywords: ERP projects, Project Management, Risk Management, risks in ERP projects, successful projects, unsuccessful projects, The Iron Triangle. Purpose: To investigate what risks are most dominant with the implementation of ERP systems and how risk management can reduce these risks. Method: Qualitative method, hermeneutic, case studies, semi-structured interviews, well-grounded theory. Findings: The management had better knowledge about the risks that would arise and different risk management strategies in ERP projects than other employees and end users of the ERP systems. Standardisation, coordination and automation of the organisations core processes were the main purposes for implementing ERP systems in the organisations. Excellent planning of the project is critical for a successful project outcome. It is important to have good communication and close cooperation between the various departments in the projects, as well as with external consultants such as the supplier of the ERP system. Risk analysis was the most important and the most used method of the risk management strategies among our cases. Skilled and flexible project management had a positive impact on the risk management strategy ability to succeed. Resource issues turned out to be the biggest risk in the investigated projects. Change management proved to be a well-used method to reduce the employees resistance against the ERP project. To meet the standards from the cost´ budget was not seen as the most important objective to achieve. It also turned out The Iron Triangle was not a critical factor to determine whether the project in question was seen as a success or a failure. The organisations used training of the end-users to address the risks that may arise in connection with the employees. Risk management worked for the management as a tool to resolve and control the project risks. Conclusions: The most common risks that where discovered in this study was personnel risks, technical issues, the relationship with the supplier and communication between various stakeholders, not to exceed the project budget and schedule, as well as tailoring the system and make sure that it is working as intended. Particularly risks related to the employees constituted major challenges for the ERP projects. Our study showed furthermore that risk management clearly affects the outcome of ERP projects positively and helps ERP projects to achieve their goals.
3

Análises dos resultados comportamentais da implantação de ERP de alta complexidade: uma investigação episódica sob a ótica de gestão de mudanças junto a implementadores e usuários

Drummond, Pamella Macedo 17 September 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-25T13:18:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Pamella Macedo Drummond.pdf: 2354781 bytes, checksum: 3601fa4eee4bd71f8c5bfc5ca1c9d48e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-09-05T16:28:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Pamella Macedo Drummond.pdf: 2354781 bytes, checksum: 3601fa4eee4bd71f8c5bfc5ca1c9d48e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-05T16:28:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Pamella Macedo Drummond.pdf: 2354781 bytes, checksum: 3601fa4eee4bd71f8c5bfc5ca1c9d48e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-17 / Os sistemas ERP têm sido adotados pelas empresas como forma de integrar distintas vertentes dos negócios, por meio do aprimoramento dos seus processos. A literatura aponta a importância do desenvolvimento da capacidade de mudança como fatores críticos de sucesso nas implantações de sistemas ERP. Este trabalho tem como contexto um projeto de implantação de ERP de alta complexidade, caracterizado por mais de 200 processos redesenhados, elevado volume de empregados impactados e dispersão geográfica por todo território brasileiro. O referido projeto ocorreu entre fevereiro de 2011 e novembro de 2014 em uma empresa multinacional brasileira de grande porte do setor de mineração. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar os resultados e lições aprendidas desta implantação de ERP sob a ótica de gestão de mudanças, considerando a influência de elementos como cultura organizacional, resistência à mudança e liderança através das percepções dos implementadores (especialistas de gestão de mudanças) e usuários finais do sistema. Foram realizadas 30 entrevistas estruturadas tanto com o grupo dos implementadores (10), como com os pontos focais representantes dos usuários finais das diretorias impactadas (20). Como resultados, o estudo identificou como pontos críticos para a implantação do ERP: a integração das áreas para facilitar a mudança, diversificação das formas de capacitação de usuários finais, análise prévia da cultura e sua influência para o sucesso do projeto, bem como análise da maturidade da companhia para cumprir com todos os requisitos do projeto e análise das diversidades dos nichos de culturas existentes dentro da organização. / ERP systems have been adopted by companies as a way of integrating different business aspects, by improving their processes. The literature shows the importance of developing the capacity for change as critical success factors in the deployment of ERP systems. The context of this work is an ERP implementation project of high complexity, characterized by more than 200 redesigned processes, high number of impacted employees and geographical spread throughout Brazil. This project took place between February 2011 and November 2014 in a Brazilian multinational large firm in the mining sector. This study aims to analyze the results and lessons learned from this deployment of ERP from the perspective of change management, considering the influence of elements such as organizational culture, resistance to change and leadership through the perceptions of the implementers (change management specialists) and end users of the system. They were conducted 30 structured interviews with both the group of implementers (10) as focal points with representatives of end users of the affected boards (20). As a result, the study identified as critical to the implementation of ERP: the integration of areas to facilitate change, diversification of forms of training end users, previous analysis of culture and its influence on the success of the project and analysis of Company maturity to meet all project requirements and analysis of the diversities of cultures existing niches within the organization.
4

SISTEMAS ERP: A GESTÃO DO PROCESSO DE IMPLANTAÇÃO EM UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA / ERP SYSTEMS: MANAGING THE PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY

Vecchia, Aldiocir Francisco Dalla 23 March 2011 (has links)
Public institutions, more specifically public universities, require considerable changes in management and administration. For this changes may be implemented, the incorporation of new technology and integrated systems is essential to support the proposed changes. The decision to modernize the processes must be aligned with the desire of the steering committee to provide a Project which facilitates the proposed improvements, besides being prepared to overcome all obstacles that will appear, proposing an unconditional support to face that the necessary changes being implemented, independent of the resistance and obstacles. The methodology proposed by this dissertation is based on the approach to management the organizational changes and in the methodologies of information system implementation. As a result, it s proposed a model to manage the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning System (ERP) in public universities, having as a premise to provide mechanisms to manage the changes resulting from the implementation of ERP projects, which aim to increase the success of these projects and create indicators that can measure the gains obtained by the institution with the adoption of these systems. For each one of the 26 steps proposed in the model, are defined assumptions, resources, outputs and evidences of delivery. / As instituições públicas, mais especificamente as universidades públicas, passam por profundas mudanças na gestão e administração. Para que estas mudanças possam ser realizadas, a incorporação de novas tecnologias e sistemas integrados é essencial para suportar as mudanças propostas. A decisão de modernizar os processos deve estar alinhada com o desejo da alta administração em prover um projeto que viabilize as melhorias propostas, além de estar preparada para superar todos os obstáculos que irão surgir, dando assim, o apoio incondicional para que as mudanças necessárias sejam implementadas, independentes das resistências e entraves. A metodologia proposta por esta dissertação fundamenta-se na abordagem da gestão nas mudanças organizacionais e nas metologias de implantação de sistemas de informação. Como resultado é proposto um modelo para conduzir a implantação de Sistema Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) em universidades públicas, tendo como premissa prover mecanismos para gerir as mudanças decorrentes da implementação de projetos de ERP, na qual objetivam aumentar o sucesso destes projetos e criar indicadores que possam medir os ganhos obtidos pela instituição com a adoção destes sistemas. Para cada uma das 26 etapas propostas no modelo são definidas as premissas, recursos necessários, produtos gerados e evidências de entrega.

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