Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-03-24T17:57:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_VANESSA_DIAS_DA_SILVA_COMPLETO.pdf: 842626 bytes, checksum: 31fcd5d879db0185485acc8e2f7bd3e2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-24T17:57:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_VANESSA_DIAS_DA_SILVA_COMPLETO.pdf: 842626 bytes, checksum: 31fcd5d879db0185485acc8e2f7bd3e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Proposition: The objective of this study was evaluated in vitro and in vivo the color changes of esthetic orthodontic elastomeric ligatures of different shades compared to four dyes commonly found in the diet of patients. Materials and Methods: The in vitro sample consisted of esthetic orthodontic elastomeric ligatures with were immersed during 72 hours in five different solutions: distilled water, coffee, tea, Coca-Cola and wine. The in vivo sample was evaluated in Brazilian patients, who were in orthodontic treatment, in a split-mouth model. Four elastic modules from each group were randomly distributed in the four quadrants of seven patients. The color changes of the ligatures were measured with the aid of a spectrophotometer, at T1 times - as provided by the manufacturer; T2 - after the pigmentation process. Results: The results indicated that esthetic orthodontic elastomeric ligatures are susceptible to pigmentation both in vivo and in vitro, regardless of the initial shade. Among the dyes evaluated in vitro, all changed the finished look and the color of the samples tested. In ascending order, a staining of the specimens for the following: distilled water, Coca-Cola?, black tea, wine and coffee. Conclusion: The substances that had a greater potential of pigmentation in the esthetic orthodontic elastomeric ligatures were black tea, wine and coffee, respectively. All shades of esthetic orthodontic elastomeric ligatures are susceptible to color change. / Proposi??o: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar in vitro e in vivo as altera??es de cor das ligaduras el?sticas est?ticas de diferentes tonalidades frente a quatro corantes comumente encontrados na dieta dos pacientes e ao meio bucal. Materiais e M?todos: A amostra in vitro foi composta por ligaduras el?sticas est?ticas as quais foram imersas durante 72 horas em cinco solu??es diferentes: ?gua destilada (grupo controle), caf?, ch?, Coca-Cola? e vinho. A amostra in vivo foi avaliada em pacientes brasileiros, que se encontravam em tratamento ortod?ntico, em um modelo de boca dividida. Quatro m?dulos el?sticos de cada grupo foram aleatoriamente distribu?dos nos quatro quadrantes de sete pacientes. As altera??es de cor das ligaduras foram mensuradas com o auxilio de um espectrofot?metro, nos tempos T1 - como fornecidas pelo fabricante; T2 - ap?s o processo de pigmenta??o. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que as ligaduras el?sticas est?ticas s?o suscet?veis ? pigmenta??o tanto in vivo quanto in vitro, independente da tonalidade inicial. Dentre os corantes avaliados in vitro, todos alteraram o aspecto final e a cor das amostras testadas. Em ordem crescente, a colora??o dos corpos de prova foi a seguinte: ?gua destilada, Coca-Cola?, ch? preto, vinho e caf?. Conclus?o: As subst?ncias que tiveram um maior potencial de pigmenta??o nas ligaduras el?sticas est?ticas foram o ch? preto, vinho e caf?, respectivamente. Todas as tonalidades dos el?sticos est?ticos s?o suscet?veis ? altera??o de cor.

Despite becoming a greater public health concern, the suicide rate among adolescents has not decreased significantly in recent years (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2015). In fact, suicide is the second leading cause of death for individuals between 12-18 years (CDC, 2015). Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), the deliberate destruction of one’s own body tissue without suicidal intent and for reasons not socially sanctioned (Nock, 2009), has been identified as a robust predictor of suicide, above and beyond other risk factors such as depression and hopelessness (Asarnow et al., 2011; Guan, Fox, & Prinstein, 2012). Therefore, understanding risk factors for NSSI is an important area of research not only for prevention of NSSI, but also suicide. Recently, an association between poor sleep and suicide ideation in adolescents has been highlighted (Franic, Kralj, Marcinko, Knez, & Kardum, 2014; Park, Yoo, & Kim, 2013). However, very little attention, both globally and within the United States, has been given to understanding the impact sleep may have on NSSI. Given the strong role that emotion regulation has been identified as having in both poor sleep and NSSI separately, it is important to look at the interaction of these two factors in the prediction of NSSI. Data were collected from 154 adolescents in high school. Results indicated that poor sleep was a significant predictor of both NSSI engagement and self-reported suicide ideation. Additionally, emotion regulation successfully moderated the relationship between poor sleep quality and suicide ideation severity. Results support that sleep is an important risk factor for NSSI engagement and suicide ideation and that emotion regulation may play an important role in strengthening the relationship for between sleep and suicide ideation only. These findings suggest that clinicians should be aware of and work with their clients on both emotion regulation and sleep quality to reduce risk of NSSI engagement and suicide ideation.

Informe de Seminario de Grado para optar al grado de Licenciado en Lengua y Literatura Hisp?nica / Facultad de Filosof?a y Humanidades / Dos de los prop?sitos que tiene la aventura dentro de un contexto de arrojo metatextual consiste, primero, en la reflexi?n constante en torno a s? misma y, luego, en c?mo el Cuerpo de la Escritura se deshace y rehace en su motivaci?n por pensarse en constante estado de creaci?n, de nombramiento. Es as? como los trazos se inscribir?n, a medida que se reconstruyen y exploran en distintos espacios discursivos que como ensayo y abismamiento po?tico comprender?n una idea de cuerpo textual. Esto ocurre en un extremo con naturalidad ya que la situaci?n que se presenta en constante estado de tensi?n se desdobla en posici?n anagram?tica en tanto lo escrito se desliza ?ntimamente por distintos grados de apertura que en tanto imagen o en tanto enigma tiene en s? mismas

Ascochyta blight, caused by Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labrousse, is one of the most destructive diseases of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) worldwide. Despite the existence of highly resistant uncultivated genotypes, attempts to develop cultivars with a high level of durable resistance have been unsuccessful. This study investigated the chickpea defence response to A. rabiei using a functional genomics approach, which has the capacity to improve the overall understanding of the coordinated defence response at a molecular level. An existing cDNA library was used to generate a resource of Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) that, after clustering, comprised 516 unigenes. The unigenes were functionally annotated resulting in the identification of 20 specific defence-related unigenes, as well as numerous transcripts with possible involvement in the coordination of defence responses. To explore the expression patterns of the defence-related unigenes in an A. rabiei resistant and susceptible genotype, the unigenes were employed as probes in microarrays. Resulting expression data was analysed to identify differentially expressed unigenes over a time-course after infection. Comparison of the expression profiles from the resistant and susceptible genotype identified three putative genes that were exclusively up-regulated in the resistant genotype, thus may be involved in an effective defence response. Considering that a defence response can involve hundreds of genes, the entire set of chickpea unigenes were used to construct large-scale microarrays. To supplement the chickpea probes, 156 putative defence-related grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) ESTs and 41 lentil (Lens culinaris Med.) Resistance Gene Analogs (RGAs) were also included. Expression profiles for three chickpeas and one wild relative were generated over a time course. 97 differentially expressed ESTs were identified using a robust experimental system that included confirmation by quantitative RT-PCR. The results indicated that genes involved in the active defence response were similar to those governed by R-gene mediated resistance, including the production of reactive oxygen species and the hypersensitive response, down-regulation of 'housekeeping' gene expression, and expression of pathogenesis-related proteins. The comparison between resistant and susceptible genotypes identified certain gene expression 'signatures' that may be predictiv e of resistance. To further characterise the regulation of potential defence-related genes, the microarray was used to study expression profiles of the three chickpea genotypes (excluding the wild relative) after treatment with the defence signalling compounds, ethylene (E), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonate (JA). 425 ESTs were differentially expressed, and comparison between genotypes revealed the presence of a wider range of inducible defence responses in resistant genotypes. Linking the results with the previous microarray results indicated the presence of other pathogen-specific signalling mechanisms in addition to E, SA and JA. The lower arsenal of defence-related gene expression observed in the susceptible genotype may be a result of 'breaks' in the pathways of defence-related gene activation. To draw together the findings of all experiments, a model was constructed for a hypothetical mechanism of chickpea resistance to A. rabiei. The model was synthesised based on the evidence gathered in this study and previously documented defence mechanisms in chickpea, and identified signal transduction as a key to resistance.

Ce document a pour but ultime le développement d'une société. La société franco-ontarienne du Nord est passée en trente ans du XIXé au XXIé siècle sur le plan matériel. La transition reste à faire au niveau intellectuel. Notre ambition est de poser ici quelques poteaux indicateurs pour la route.

Certaines études séismiques du manteau supérieur, menées sous le Bouclier Canadien, indiquent la présence d'anomalies de faible vitesse à l'intérieur de la lithosphère de la région. Le manque de couverture vers l'est et le sud-ouest empêchait auparavant la conscription de la géométrie 3D de ces anomalies. L'ajout de plusieurs stations au Québec et aux États-Unis permet une nouvelle analyse des structures de vitesse séismique par l'utilisation de la tomographie des ondes P. Ce nouveau réseau couvre un territoire d'environ 1750 par 1550 kilomètres répartis sur trois provinces géologiques soit, le Supérieur, le Grenville et les Appalaches. De cette manière, il a été possible de mieux comprendre la complexité mantellique de l'est de l'Amérique du Nord. Les temps d'arrivée relatifs des ondes P furent calculés par la méthode de corrélation croisée à canaux multiples de VanDecar et Crosson (1990). Les structures de vitesse séismique furent ensuite déterminées à partir d'une inversion tomographique des temps d'arrivée résiduels relatifs selon la méthode de VanDecar (1991). L'analyse du modèle résultant montre la présence de caractéristiques lithosphériques semblables entre les provinces du Supérieur et de Grenville, toutes deux d'âge précambrien. Elle montre également une lithosphère beaucoup plus mince sous la Province des Appalaches, d'âge paléozoïque. De plus, l'asthénosphère située sous cette dernière a une vitesse moyenne beaucoup plus faible que celle située sous la lithosphère précambrienne. Cela est peut-être dû à la déshydratation d'une plaque en subduction. La délimitation d'un corridor de faible vitesse positionne assez bien l'emplacement des provinces ignées associées au passage du point chaud Great Meteor. Il est également possible d'observer des traces de plaques en subduction à deux endroits. La première plaque se trouve dans la lithosphère sous la Province d'Opatica et semble reliée au processus d'accrétion de la Province du Supérieur. La seconde, quant à elle, se trouve dans le manteau inférieur et pourrait constituer la plaque Farallon, en subduction à partir de la marge ouest du continent. Enfin, cette étude a permis d'affirmer l'importance de deux processus ayant contribué au remodelage du manteau sous l'est de l'Amérique du Nord soit, la subduction et l'interaction de la lithosphère continentale avec un point chaud. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Tomographie, séismologie, modélisation, manteau, Amérique du Nord

Texte abrégé et révisé de: Diss.--Philosophische Fakultät--Universität Köln, 1997. / Bibliogr. p. 273-311. Index.

Texte remanié de: PhD th.--Archaeology--Cambridge--University of Cambridge, 2005. / Bibliogr. p. 162-172.

Ph. D. Thesis--University of Washington, 1999. / Bibliogr. p. 110-131.

Diss.--Historisches Institut--Jena--Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, 2001. / Bibliogr. p. 376-397. Index.