L'objet de cet étude est la vérification de l'existence d'une protection des droits sociaux au niveau de l'Union. Et donc on analyse le panorama des droits sociaux dans le cadre des systèmes des États membres ainsi que leur reconstruction dans le cadre de l’acquis communautaire. Afin de mettre en lumière le lien entre les droits sociaux reconnues par l’Union et son politique social substantielle, la recherche se concentre sur les droits relatifs au travail, à la santé et à l'instruction qui sont garantis par le Traité de Lisbonne et la CDF. La protection de ces situations s’analyse à travers de la jurisprudence de la Cour de Justice. Au final le dernière chapitre traite, de la jurisprudence de la Cour de Strasbourg relative aux droits sociaux, en rapport avec celle de la Cour de Justice en vue de la future adhésion de l’Union à la CEDH. A la lumière de ces données, on conclue que la justiciabilité effective des droits sociaux dans le cadre de l’Union reste liée à la volonté politique des États et il est impossible d’affirmer que l’usage inspirateur et propulsif de la Charte de la part de la CJE soit renforcé en faveur d’un protection fort des droits sociales dans le système de l’Union. / The object of this thesis is the analysis of the level of justiciability of social rights in EU. The research first presents an overview of different welfare states within EU national systems. The investigation focuses on national constitutional provisions enshrining social rights, for the individuation of a nucleus of social rights, justiciable under the Member States legal orders.Indeed, the second chapter focuses on the jurisprudence of the ECJ, in particular the one applying to the crossborder access to economic social services of the different member States. From this analysis, it is possible to determine the impact of the Charter of Fundamental rights on the protection of social in the EU legal order. The third chapter deals with the problems connected with the future accession of the EU in the ECHR, in particular it shows the different approaches of the two Courts in the determination of the level of protection of social rights. The thesis concludes with a reflection, on the present economic situation in Europe and its impact on the effectiveness and justiciability of social rights, and on the other, on the welfare states of member States.

Magistro baigiamajame darbe išanalizuotos benamystės problemos, benamystės sąvokos ribų sudėtingumas ir skirtingas apibrėžtinumas ES šalyse. Taip pat išanalizuotos Lietuvos ir ES šalių vykdoma politika benamystės klausimu. Pirmoje darbo dalyje tiriama užsienio ir Lietuvos autorių mokslinė literatūra, kurios pagalba patikslinamos darbo užduotys, patvirtinamas temos pagrįstumas, tyrimo tikslo pakankamumas. Taip pat analizuojamos benamystės priežastys ir tapsmo benamiu procesas, atskleidžiama benamystės sąvokos problema bei benamių klasifikacija. Antroje dalyje ištiriamos ES socialinės politikos ištakos ir raida benamystės kontekste, taip pat analizuojamos ES vykdomos strategijos skurdui ir benamystei sumažinti. Išanalizuojami ir palyginami 2009 m. ir 2010 m. Eurostato pateiktų skurdo rizikos lygio rodikliai. Trečioje baigiamojo darbo dalyje analizuojama LT socialinė politika benamystės kontekste, jos ištakos ir raida, Lietuvoje vykdomos strategijos ir projektai benamystei mažinti. Taip pat pateikiami ir palyginami Lietuvos statistikos departamento skurdo rizikos rodiklių 2010 m. ir 2011 m. duomenys. Ketvirtoje darbo dalyje pristatomi empirinio tyrimo rezultatai: apibūdinamas Vilniaus miesto nakvynės namų ir Vilniaus Carito nakvynės namų darbo pobūdis, veiklos tikslai ir pagrindinės užduotys, įvertinama socialinių darbuotojų nuomonė, kuri atskleidžia skirtingą požiūrį ir skirtingą benamystės problemos vertinimą organizacijose. / The problem of homelessness, the complexity of the limits of homelessness concept and the difference in defining it in the EU countries are analysed in this Master’s thesis. The policy on homelessness carried out in Lithuania and EU countries is also dealt with in it. In the first part of the thesis, the literature of foreign and Lithuanian authors on the subject is explored It helps to make the tasks of the work more precise, to corroborate the validity of the theme, to state the sufficiency of the target explored. The causes of homelessness and the process of becoming a homeless are analysed as well, the problem of the concept of homelessness and the classification of the homeless are disclosed here too. The second part explores the sources of the EU policy and its development in the context of homelessness, and the EU strategies that are in progress to diminish poverty and homelessness are described. The indices of poverty risk level as reported by the EUROSTAT in 2009 and 2010 are analysed and compared. The third part of the thesis deals with the Lithuania’s social policy in the context of homelessness, its sources and development, the strategies and projects in progress in Lithuania to diminish homelessness. Also, the indices in years 2010 and 2011 on poverty risks are presented and compared according to the data of the Statistics Department of Lithuania. The fourth part presents the results of the empiric research: the character of work, the goals of the activities and... [to full text]

There are three starting points for this thesis. First, there is the system of ESD, which is criticised for lacking capacity to improve the working conditions within the EU. Secondly, there is the system developed through the global ITF FOC campaign, which is considered to have capacity to improve working conditions for seafarers at a global level. Thirdly, there is the theory on self-referential autopoietic systems, which is a useful tool for analysing systems of industrial relations and their functions. The purpose of this thesis is to deepen the understanding of the function of the ESD in relation to the development of EU legislation and policy with the aim of trying to find a model for providing a holistic analysis of regulatory systems for the labour market. The research questions are: ‘How can the significant differences and similarities between the ESD and the global ITF FOC campaign be understood?’ and ‘Why is the ESD generally regarded as lacking the capacity needed for producing results that improve working conditions, while the ITF FOC is considered to have such capacity?’ The theoretical framework used for the analysis is Luhmann’s theory on autopoietic systems. Since the thesis has a normative core I have applied a methodological model that consists of a two-layer analysis at both the empirical and theoretical level. Firstly an analysis of positivistic values has been carried out and secondly an analysis of hermeneutic values. The empirical material consists of documents and texts that can be considered part of or reflecting the communication of the studied systems. The main conclusion is that whereas the ITF FOC system is a traditional system of industrial relations based on the binary code of negotiable or non-negotiable between collective actors the ESD is a system of industrial relations based on a less clear binary code of discussable or non-discussable. The ESD is also subject to less developed communicative structures that negatively affect the system’s capacity both to produce results and to secure the efficient implementation and application of these results. This makes the ESD as a system more sensitive to hermeneutic values framing the programming of structurally coupled systems causing difficulties for the ESD to challenge such hermeneutic values.

<p>The social dimension in the EU, explored through the document texts of the Treaty of Rome, the Lisbon Strategy, the Social Policy Agenda and the Swedish Strategy Report</p><p>This paper explores the social dimension of EU social policy, except the aspects of the economic and labour market. The EU documents reveal an underlying line of thought stemming from the alignment of the six founding countries, spearheaded by France, with the conservative corporatist welfare model. As one of four European welfare models, the conservative corporatist model emphasises labour market issues, corporate social responsibility and the subsidiarity principle in EU social policy. It also influences how the texts define the terms social, social policy and social exclusion. The definitions determine how policymakers combat problems such as social exclusion and identify the policy issues to be included in EU social policy.</p><p>The Swedish Strategy shows how the country is responding to the objectives that it has been assigned by the EU and how it plans to attain them. Other key issues include how Sweden defines and plans to address the problem of social exclusion domestically.</p><p>The Lisbon Strategy and the Social Policy Agenda of the EU underline the importance of civil trust. Accordingly, I have included Bo Rothstein's theory of social trust, which demonstrates that open dialogue with citizens and written declarations of cooperation in the EU are not enough. Actions that instil trust and impartial universal institutions are also required for the European project to work. Thus, civil trust in the EU requires the existence of such institutions.</p><p> </p>

The social dimension in the EU, explored through the document texts of the Treaty of Rome, the Lisbon Strategy, the Social Policy Agenda and the Swedish Strategy Report This paper explores the social dimension of EU social policy, except the aspects of the economic and labour market. The EU documents reveal an underlying line of thought stemming from the alignment of the six founding countries, spearheaded by France, with the conservative corporatist welfare model. As one of four European welfare models, the conservative corporatist model emphasises labour market issues, corporate social responsibility and the subsidiarity principle in EU social policy. It also influences how the texts define the terms social, social policy and social exclusion. The definitions determine how policymakers combat problems such as social exclusion and identify the policy issues to be included in EU social policy. The Swedish Strategy shows how the country is responding to the objectives that it has been assigned by the EU and how it plans to attain them. Other key issues include how Sweden defines and plans to address the problem of social exclusion domestically. The Lisbon Strategy and the Social Policy Agenda of the EU underline the importance of civil trust. Accordingly, I have included Bo Rothstein's theory of social trust, which demonstrates that open dialogue with citizens and written declarations of cooperation in the EU are not enough. Actions that instil trust and impartial universal institutions are also required for the European project to work. Thus, civil trust in the EU requires the existence of such institutions.

The thesis describes the historical evolution of the EU social policy, clarifies the concept of the European social model and deals with characteristics of the basic models of the European social policy. The essential part of the thesis is devoted to the comparison of the social systems in Germany and Sweden from the point of view of the amount of taxes and social contributions, the structure of receipts and expenditure on social policy, the systems of old age pension schemes, the family policy and the unemployment benefit. The comparison shows some typical elements of the social state model that these two countries represent. The attention is also devoted to the contemporary challenges which the European social model has to face, especially the demographic development and aspects of globalization. The attitude and responses of the European Union to these challenges are also mentioned here.