Increasing air traffic in the U.S.A has led to runway capacity limitations at the airports. Increasing the capacity of the existing runways involves reducing the runway occupancy time of an aircraft landing on a runway. The location of runway exits plays an important role in minimizing the runway occupancy time. Locating an optimal location for an exit is getting complex with a rapid increase in the number of aircraft types. So, the Air Transportation and Systems Laboratory at Virginia Tech developed the Runway Exit Interactive Design Model (abbreviated as REDIM). This model finds the optimal exit location considering multiple aircraft and a variety of environmental conditions. To find the optimal exit location, REDIM simulates the landing aircraft behavior. The kinematic model simulating the aircraft landing behavior in REDIM using pseudo-nonlinear deceleration heuristic algorithm. REDIM models the aircraft landing behavior into five phases. The five phases are: 1) a flare phase, 2) a free roll period occurring between the aircraft touchdown and the brakes initiation 3) the braking phase, 4) a second free roll phase starting after the braking phase and ending before the turnoff maneuver and 5) a turnoff maneuver phase. The major contributors to the runway occupancy time (ROT) are the braking phase (60% of ROT) and the turnoff phase (25% of ROT). Calculating the turnoff time requires few input variables such as deceleration rate along the turnoff and the speed at which an aircraft takes an exit (exit speed at the point of curvature). The deceleration rate along the turnoff is specific to every aircraft. This study involves predicting the exit speed at the point of curvature based on the type of exit taken. It begins with collecting the exit geometry parameters of 37 airports in the U.S.A. The exit geometry parameters define the type of exit. The ASDE-X data provides the observed exit speeds at the point of curvature for these exits. This study examines a few models with observed exit speeds as the response variable and exit geometry as the predictor variables. / MS / Increasing air traffic in the U.S.A has led to runway capacity limitations at the airports. Increasing the capacity of the existing runways involves reducing the runway occupancy time of an aircraft landing on a runway. The location of runway exits plays an important role in minimizing the runway occupancy time. Locating an optimal location for an exit is getting complex with a rapid increase in the number of aircraft types. So, the Air Transportation and Systems Laboratory at Virginia Tech developed the Runway Exit Interactive Design Model (abbreviated as REDIM). This model finds the optimal exit location considering multiple aircraft and a variety of environmental conditions. To find the optimal exit location, REDIM simulates the landing aircraft behavior. The kinematic model simulating the aircraft landing behavior in REDIM using pseudo-nonlinear deceleration heuristic algorithm. REDIM models the aircraft landing behavior into five phases. The five phases are: 1) a flare phase, 2) a free roll period occurring between the aircraft touchdown and the brakes initiation 3) the braking phase, 4) a second free roll phase starting after the braking phase and ending before the turnoff maneuver and 5) a turnoff maneuver phase. The major contributors to the runway occupancy time (ROT) are the braking phase (60% of ROT) and the turnoff phase (25% of ROT). Calculating the turnoff time requires few input variables such as deceleration rate along the turnoff and the speed at which an aircraft takes an exit (exit speed at the point of curvature). The deceleration rate along the turnoff is specific to every aircraft. This study involves predicting the exit speed at the point of curvature based on the type of exit taken. It begins with collecting the exit geometry parameters of 37 airports in the U.S.A. The exit geometry parameters define the type of exit. The ASDE-X data provides the observed exit speeds at the point of v curvature for these exits. This study examines a few models with observed exit speeds as the response variable and exit geometry as the predictor variables.

No description available.

In this thesis we study Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) and LDPC like codes over non-binary fields. We extend the concepts used for non-binary LDPC codes to generalize Product Accumulate (PA) codes to non-binary fields. We present simulation results that show that PA codes over GF(4) performs considerably better than binary PA codes at smaller block lengths and slightly better at large block lengths. We also propose a trellis based decoding algorithm to decode PA codes and show that its complexity is considerably lower than the message-passing algorithm. In the second part of the thesis we study the convergence properties of non-binary PA codes and non-binary LDPC codes. We use EXIT-charts to study the convergence properties of non-binary LDPC codes with different mean column weights and show why certain irregularities are better. Although the convergence threshold predicted by EXIT-charts on non-binary LDPC codes is quite optimistic we can still use EXIT-charts for comparison between non-binary LDPC codes with different mean column weights.

Thesis (MIHM) -- AUT University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references. Also held in print (121 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.) in the Archive at the City Campus (T 647.940683 WIL)

Denna uppsats behandlar ägarledda småbolag och den problematik som kan uppstå vid utträde, så kallat exit. I uppsatsen definieras ägarledda småbolag som aktiebolag med minst två och högst tio aktieägare. Uppsatsen utgår från svensk rätt och utreder problematiken gällande exit i Sverige, dessutom görs en komparation mot Danmark för att se om det finns någon skillnad i hur Danmark löser exitproblematiken och om detta i så fall kan ge vägledning för den svenska problematiken.   Aktiebolagslagen är idag anpassad för större aktiebolag, vilket är en orsak till att exit blir ett problem i ägarledda småbolag. Lagen bygger på att aktieägarna inte har någon personlig koppling till varandra, vilket de oftast har i ett ägarlett småbolag. I ägarledda småbolag brukar man inte vilja släppa in vem som helst i ägarkretsen, vilket gör det svårt att avyttra aktier. Det uppkommer även en viss problematik för aktieägare vid utträde ur dessa bolag. Då det inte alltid finns någon marknad för aktierna, vilket gör att det kan vara svårt att hitta en köpare som vill erlägga lämplig ersättning för aktierna. Vidare kan problematiken försvåras genom att begränsningar i den fria överlåtbarheten av aktierna kan föreskrivas i både bolagsordning och aktieägaravtal.   En aktieägare kan bli inlåst i ägarledda småbolag om det inte finns någon köpare till aktierna. Idag är det dessutom svårt för minoritetsaktieägare att utträda ur sådana svenska bolag då de kan bli inlåsta i bolaget om majoritetsaktieägare inte vill eller kan tillåta exit.De bestämmelser som idag omfattar exit i lagstiftning, bolagsordning och aktieägaravtal är svåra att tillämpa, vilket gör att reglerna bör utvidgas och anpassas mer efter de ägarledda småbolagens behov. Vi anser således att en ökad reglering torde ske i Sverige avseende exit.

Employees face many challenges as they attempt to fulfill the often intense and conflicting expectations of their professional roles within the culture of an organization for which they perform paid work. These demands include traversing a consistent stream of organizational change (Lewis, 2011), navigating complex coworker relationships (Sias, 2009), and meeting the often intense and even abusive demands of organizational managers and leaders (Caldwell & Canuto-Carranco, 2010). As a result of this cultural intensity, organizational members can begin considering exit (Jablin, 1987, 2001) very early in their tenure. This study explores Jablin’s Model of Assimilation (1987, 2001) as a framework for identifying the types of events, observations and concerns that facilitate exit-related sensemaking (Weick, 1995) and, ultimately, a decision to leave an organization. Findings indicate that organizational exit (Jablin, 1987, 2001) is not simply a response to a single “straw that broke the camel’s back” event. Rather, organizational exit is a complex, evolving process resulting from a web of observations and experiences occurring over time within the organization. Based on interviews with 61 people who voluntarily left an organization in a post-recession economy (2010—2014), findings indicate surprising similarities and differences across industries in both the organizational factors leading up to exit and individuals’ exit experiences. By tracing the origins of exit back through the socialization processes experienced by exiting organizational members, this study fills a gap in organizational exit research, defining exit not as a discrete end-stage event, but rather as an ongoing, highly communicative and personalized process based on recursive loops of sensemaking (Weick, 1995) that build over the course of a member’s tenure, resulting in a choice to leave the organization. / text

This study examines how identity processes affect role exit. I test a model of role exit that situates the identity processes of cognitive processes (reflected appraisals and social comparisons), rewards and costs related to the role, commitment to the role, and identity centrality as mediating factors between role-set and social characteristic background factors, and role exit. Using a sample of 940 current and former soccer referees in Virginia and the District of Columbia, the results show that several role-set background factors and social characteristics affect role exit. However, identity processes explain some of the effect that the background factors have on role exit. The results have implications for identity theory and role exit theory and for helping referee organizations understand why referees quit. / Ph. D.

The human pathogen Candida albicans is polymorphic, and its ability to switch growth forms is thought to play an important role in virulence. The primary research aim of this thesis was to understand the role the mitotic exit network plays in C. albicans with particular focus on the Tem1 GTPase protein. This aim was split into three specific goals; to study the role of Tem1 through the construction of a regulatable tem1 mutant, to understand the regulation of Tem1 through localisation and protein interaction studies, and to construct new molecular tools utilising the NAT1 positive selection marker in order to achieve two previous goals. In this thesis we demonstrated that TEM1 is an essential gene in C. albicans, and its essential function is signalled through the Cdc15 protein. Surprisingly, Tem1p depleted cells arrested as hyper-polarised filaments containing one or two nuclei and ultimately lost viability. These filaments formed from budding yeast cells, suggestive of a blockage late in the cell cycle. Ultimately the failure of these filaments to undergo cytokinesis was linked to a defect in septin ring dynamics and the formation of actomyosin ring. To understand the regulation of Tem1 we localised both the Tem1 and Lte1 proteins and found that Tem1 localised to spindle pole bodies in a cell-cycle dependent fashion by recruited at the onset of S phase. In contrast, the Lte1 homolog localised to the daughter cell cortex prior to release into the cytoplasm at the end of the cell cycle. A yeast 2-hybrid analysis of the MEN components demonstrated the potential of Bfa1/Bub2 and Tem1 to form a complex and the ability of Tem1 to homodimerise which may play a role in its self-activation. In order to carry out various aspects of this work we constructed a fully functional set of cassettes, including the constitutively active ENO1 promoter, V5-6xHIS epitope tag and various fluorescent protein genes fused to the NAT1 positive selection marker. When considered together, these results indicate that Tem1 is required for timely mitotic exit and cytokinesis in C. albicans, similar to S. cerevisiae, but the final output of the pathway must have diverged.

The goal of diploma thesis is valuation of Racio, s.r.o. Thesis is divided into 6 parts. The first part contains characteristics of the company. In strategic and financial analysis are valuated ekonomical and non-economical aspects of relevant markets, competitors and impacts on Racio's financial situation. At the end of thesis is made financial plan and business valuation. DCF in APV is basic method of valuation. As a support of valuation is used market comparation.

The hospitality and tourism industry is an increasingly important part of the New Zealand economy, contributing almost nine percent of the Gross Domestic Product in 2008. One of the key concerns regarding this part of the economy is the impact of a tight labour market and intense skill shortages on its ability to maximise returns from tourists. Labour turnover rates have been extremely high in the hospitality sector over the past few years and this has contributed to the intense labour market pressures affecting this industry. Hotels have suffered particularly high turnover rates in the past few years and exit interviews have been one of the tools that Human Resource Managers used to try and gain data about employee reasons for leaving. This study looks at exit interviews as a source of data on the causes of labour turnover in two New Zealand hotel chains. The aim of this study was to analyse hotel exit interview data in order to identify significant patterns that might illuminate the causes and potential moderating factors of labour turnover in New Zealand hotels. In addition, the study aimed to analyse the processes used to gather exit interview data in order to evaluate the efficacy of exit interviews and see if any practical recommendations could be made regarding the use of exit interviews to address labour turnover. A qualititative, triangulated research methodology was applied in order to analyse the data generated from over 4500 exit interviews, from 17 hotels, in two New Zealand hotel brands. The interviews cover six years of exit interview gathering. In addition, in depth semi-structured interviews with six hotel Human Resource Managers were used to gain insight into the practice and perceptions around exit interviews. The study found that despite considerable application of time and resources, hotels gain very little benefit from the exit interview process. Several issues are identified as bringing the efficacy of exit interviews into question, including power imbalance between interviewees and interviewers, language and cultural concerns, and the impact of psychological contract breaches on the employment relationship. In addition, the study found that even when opportunities for organisational improvement did arise from exit interviews, little or no action was taken by the hotels in question. The study concludes that there is insufficient benefit to the hotels given the costs of exit interviews and suggests that other forms of employee feedback, such as engagement surveys may be more efficacious in addressing labour turnover.