p>This thesis investigates the political economy of Saudi–East Asian industrial relations in the past six decades, between 1953 and 2013. The analysis focuses on industrial diversification in Saudi Arabia and how this has affected Saudi Arabia's relations with East Asian states. Accordingly, Saudi–East Asian relations, which have hitherto been understood as consisting of energy producer-consumer relationships, are re-framed as "industrialising–industrialised relationships". This thesis identifies the main dynamics of such relationships as diffusion of industrial technology from East Asian states to Saudi Arabia, which is considered to be a microcosm of a larger collective shift in the global economy, from "divergence" to "convergence" caused by the progress in human resources development (HRD) among developing countries. In order to capture that dynamics, this thesis develops two concepts: "techno-sovereignty" and "techno-diplomacy". Techno-sovereignty assumes a developing state's pursuit of greater level of self-reliance in industrial technology through investment in HRD and avoidance of dependence on single external source of technology. On the other hand, techno-diplomacy is defined as an advanced state's diplomatic strategy of implementing the transfer of industrial technology to a developing state in order to acquire other types of gain from that state in return. Saudi Arabia's pursuit of techno-sovereignty has been implemented in two steps: first, to invite foreign direct investment (FDI) from multiple advanced states for establishing industrial production; and, second, to "Saudise" the production over the years through the transfer of knowledge, skills and technologies from the foreign investor to national industrial workers. Saudi–East Asian industrial relations have followed these patterns: Japan has practiced techno-diplomacy towards Saudi Arabia mainly in return for oil; and Taiwan has done so mainly in return for diplomatic recognition – since Taipei has been in competition with Beijing since 1949 regarding its international legitimacy. Those quid pro quo relations have provided Riyadh with strong bargaining chips vis-à-vis Tokyo and Taipei in demanding industrial cooperation from them in the past decades. Currently, as the focus of industrial diversification in Saudi Arabia shifts from capital-intensive heavy industries to labour-intensive manufacturing industries, the insufficiency in HRD in Saudi Arabia, deriving from the "rentier" nature of its society, increasingly poses obstacles to further progress of the process. Accordingly, East Asian states' contributions to the development of HRD institutions in Saudi Arabia have been coming to the fore in their bilateral industrial relations in addition to the FDI, the trend which is likely to remain important in the coming years.

Zheng Ying. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-45). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1 --- Ownership structure in East Asia --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2 --- Price-leading-earnings effect --- p.9 / Chapter 2.3 --- Cross-sectional variation in price-leading-earnings effect --- p.12 / Chapter 2.4 --- informativeness of accounting earnings in east asia --- p.15 / Chapter 2.5 --- Corporate governance structure and informativeness of accounting earnings --- p.17 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- DEVELOPMENT OF HYPOTHESIS --- p.22 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- "SAMPLE, DATA, AND THE DEFINITIONS OF VARIABLES" --- p.25 / Chapter 4.1 --- Financial statement and stock price data --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2 --- Ownership structure data --- p.26 / Chapter 4.3 --- Descriptive statistics --- p.27 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- RESEARCH DESIGN --- p.30 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- EMPIRICAL RESULTS --- p.34 / Chapter 6.1 --- Main results --- p.34 / Chapter 6.2 --- Sensitivity Tests --- p.36 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Controlling for firm-specific factors --- p.36 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Year-by-year tests --- p.39 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Exclusion of observations from Japan --- p.40 / Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- CONCLUSION --- p.41 / REFERENCES --- p.43 / TABLES --- p.46 / TABLE 1 Sample Selection --- p.46 / "TABLE 2 Descriptive Statistics (5,519 Observations for Nine East Asian economies)" --- p.47 / TABLE 3 Mean (Median) of the Variables by Economy --- p.48 / TABLE 4 Pearson Correlation (lower) and Spearman Correlation (upper) (p-value) --- p.50 / TABLE 5 Regression of Current Returns on Current Earnings and Interaction with Ownership Structure (5519 observations for Nine East Asian economies) --- p.52 / TABLE 6 Regression of Current Returns on Aggregated Current and Future Earnings and Interaction with Ownership Structure (5519 observations for Nine East Asian economies) --- p.54 / TABLE 7 Regression of Current Returns on Aggregated Current and Future Earnings and Interaction with Ownership Structure for the Determinants of Earnings Response Coefficients and the Sign of the Dependent Variable............. --- p.56 / TABLE 8 Regression of Current Returns on Aggregated Current and Future Earnings and Interaction with Ownership Structure by year For Nine East Asian Economies --- p.59 / TABLE 9 Regression of Current Returns on Aggregated Current and Future Earnings and Interaction with Ownership Structure (1787 observations for Eight Asian economies-exclude Japan) --- p.61

Tsoi Kwok Ho. / "September 2006." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 139-169). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

The objective of this thesis is to make a contribution to the existing knowledge and understanding of the structure, nature and determinants of East Asia’s automobile production networks. To understand the structure of East Asia’s automobile production, we explored the trade networks in terms of the major roles played by each East Asian country, their main trading partners, and the network patterns for the years 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010. After understanding the structure of East Asia’s production networks, we then explored the nature of such networks by means of some related indices. Consequently, through the use of gravity equations, we were able to investigate the determinants of the automobile trade level for East Asian countries given their position in the international production networks. The findings of this thesis indicate that East Asia’s automobile networks are expanding over time and there exists a trend toward exporting parts and components for domestic assembly in view of the local market. In terms of the production network, the role of some countries such as Malaysia and Singapore remains unchanged, while the role of other countries such as China, Indonesia and the Philippines had expanded from importers to exporters of auto parts and components. Meanwhile, the role of Thailand has changed dramatically during the same period, i.e. from an importer of auto parts, components and final automobiles in the 1990s to an exporter of auto parts, components and final automobiles in the decade that followed. The findings also suggested that the main actor, i.e. Japan, played a major role in the transformation of the auto industry in East Asia during this period, with it now importing auto parts and components from its East Asian partners and also exporting auto parts and components to Thailand which then exports them as final goods. In addition, IPNs structure and nature, government policies as well as the role played by Japanese MNCs are the important determinants that boosted the development of East Asia’s auto industry.

The absence of water catchment protection often results in contamination of drinking water supplies. Waters in South East Asia have been exploited to support extensive agriculture, industry, power generation, public water supply, fisheries and recreation use. Ammonia has been identified as a significant contaminant of drinking water because of its ability to affect the disinfection efficiency of chlorine. The interference of ammonia with chlorination is a prevalent and expensive problem faced by many water treatment plants (WTPs) located throughout South East Asia. The conventional approach for ammonia removal was to pre-chlorinate using high concentrations of chlorine, which has a number of disadvantages including the formation of disinfection by-products and high chlorine consumption. This thesis investigated the application of high rate nitrifying trickling filters (NTFs) as a means of ammonia removal from a polluted lowland water source as an alternative to pre-chlorination. NTFs are widely used for the biological remediation of ammonia rich wastewater, however their performance when required to operate under low ammonia concentrations for potable water applications was unknown. A NTF pilot facility consisting of one large-scale, and three small-scale NTFs were constructed at Hope Valley WTP in South Australia. The NTFs were operated to simulate the raw water quality of a polluted catchment identified in Indonesia (Buaran WTP), including variations in ammonia, biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and turbidity. Results confirmed that plastic-packed NTFs were able to operate equally successfully under low ammonia-N concentrations, some 10- to 50-fold lower that that of conventional wastewater applications, where complete conversion of ammonia to nitrate was consistently observed under these markedly reduced loadings. Results also showed that when operated under mass loads equivalent to typical ammonia loading criteria for wastewater NTFs, by increasing hydraulic flow¬, comparable apparent nitrification rates were achieved. These results confirmed that mass transport limitations posed by low ammonia-N concentrations on overall filter performance were insignificant. This thesis also investigated the impact of organic carbon quantity and biodegradability on the nitrification behaviour of the pilot NTF. Results demonstrated that organic carbon loading, rather than the C:N ratio, was an important regulator of filter nitrification capacity, where a linear decline in nitrification performance correlated well with sucrose and methanol augmented carbon loads. Extensive monitoring of inorganic nitrogen species down the NTF, to profile nitrification behaviour, showed sucrose-induced carbon loads greater than 870 mg sBOD5 m–2 d–1 severely suppressed nitrification throughout the entire filter bed. This study also confirmed that critical carbon loads for nitrification varied among carbon sources. In contrast to sucrose, when a more native-like carbon source was dosed (organic fertiliser), no significant decline in nitrification capacity was observed. This could be attributed to differences in carbon biodegradability. This research has provided new insights into the microbial ecology of a potable water NTF. The combination of fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for in situ analysis of biofilms was successful in identifying the spatial distribution of ammonia oxidising bacteria (AOB), nitrite oxidising bacteria (NOB) and heterotrophs. When the NTF was operated under low organic loads, clusters of AOB and NOB were abundant, and were located in close proximity to each other. Uniquely, the study identified not only Nitrospira spp but also the less common Nitrobacter spp within the NTF biofilm. Biofilm analysis showed that the type of carbon source also strongly influenced the biofilms characteristics in terms of biomass ecology, morphology, and polysaccharide composition, which was correlated with NTF performance. Results showed that an increase in sBOD5 via the addition of sucrose promoted the rapid growth of filamentous heterotrophic bacteria and production of large amounts of polysaccharide. Stratification of nitrifiers and heterotrophs, and high biofilm polysaccharide concentrations were observed at all filter bed depths, which coincided with the impediment of nitrification throughout the entire filter column. High biofilm polysaccharide concentrations also coincided with a significant increase (40 %) in filter hydraulic retention time, as determined by hydraulic tracer experiments. In contrast to sucrose-fed biofilms, organic fertiliser-fed biofilms had a more uniform and dense ultra-structure dominated by many rod shaped bacteria, and was significantly lower in polysaccharide composition. This observation was coupled with superior nitrification performance. This study confirmed that a well functioning NTF is a viable, low cost alternative for ammonia removal from source water abstracted from poorly protected catchments found in many developing countries. Pre-treatment using NTFs has the potential to reduce the chlorine dose required for pre-chlorination. Thereby improving water quality by minimising the formation of disinfection by-products, and improving the control of chlorination. NTFs could also find ready application in other situations where ammonia interferes with chlorine disinfection.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title from title frame. Also available in printed format.

With Asia’s (inclusive of Southeast Asia) re-emergence on the world stage, its civilization origins have become a subject of intense study. Three main value systems define Asian civilization—Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. Asians will derive inspiration from the past for the future, a similar phase the West underwent as it emerged from the medieval ages; hence the word 'renaissance' has been applied to Asia's re-emergence. Rediscovery of these heritages is a crucial part of the Asian renaissance. My thesis will expound the economic resurgence of the Asian nations, the emergence of Asian regional institutions and the emergence of an Asian ideology—Samagri.

With Asia’s (inclusive of Southeast Asia) re-emergence on the world stage, its civilization origins have become a subject of intense study. Three main value systems define Asian civilization—Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. Asians will derive inspiration from the past for the future, a similar phase the West underwent as it emerged from the medieval ages; hence the word 'renaissance' has been applied to Asia's re-emergence. Rediscovery of these heritages is a crucial part of the Asian renaissance. My thesis will expound the economic resurgence of the Asian nations, the emergence of Asian regional institutions and the emergence of an Asian ideology—Samagri.

Abstract This paper examines the lessons Ethiopia can learn from East Asia’s growth to sustain its recent economic growth. By an in-depth analysis of the role of government in East Asian’s development it provides recommendations for Ethiopia. The study is based on the experiences of South Korea, Taiwan and Japan in the context of three issues: selective intervention policies, coordination problem and export orientation. Results of the study show that governments in East Asia have used phased selective intervention mechanism to nurture their industries and coordinated private investment to ensure national development. They have also targeted export markets to make their firms competitive and upgrade exports from primary products to higher value goods. The selective intervention suggests a greater role for government, however targeting of exports and the efficiency from international competition indicates the virtue of market mechanisms as well. Government intervention however must be phased, moving from targeting primary products to higher value goods. This paper suggests that government intervention has to be supplemented by a government-firm relationship that avoids too much government autonomy, which is meant to solve rent-seeking problem. Rent-seeking problem can instead be solved through performance requirement and time limits on protection.

Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan have similar economic backgrounds, as they have undergone the aftermath of destruction and restructuring from the World Wars, and they are all situated in important locations in the East Asia region. Since there have been abundant research studies about competition in economic growth, international trade, and technology advances, however, there competition might also be competition between these countries in the fishery industry. Resulted of Western and the Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) has been one of the most valuable fishery areas in the world, we use the tuna capture data from the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) and utilize a cointegration test and error correction model in a time series analysis to analyze the competitive relationship in the three countries. In our study, we found that if the Japanese captures increase, the Taiwanese captures also increase and the same cases occur in the contrasting cases. But the relationships with South Korea and Japan or with South Korea and Taiwan are negative. It represents that the capture in the three countries impact each other. We also try to find the reasons for impact and long-run and short-run competitive relationships.