The Kuroshio, one of the most important western boundary currents of world, controls modern hydrology conditions of the East China Sea (ECS) and carries warm and saline water to high latitudes. Previous researches mentioned that the Kuroshio might change its flow path and volume in the ECS by East Asia monsoon (EAM), Equatorial climate conditions, or global sea level change during glacials. However, shifting or not of the Kuroshio out of the Okinawa Trough during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is still in debate. In this study, records derived from multi-proxies, include of Mg/Ca-based paleotemperatures and stable isotopes and foraminiferal census data, of core GH08-2004 was conducted for comparing with records derived from core MD012404 to understand the possible changes of the Kuroshio in the ESC since 26 ka. Our comparing results reveal that the surface hydrological environments have no obvious difference between eastern and western sides of the Ryukyu Arc and imply that the Kuroshio might not shifted outside of the OT during LGM. Otherwise, our reconstructed temperatures, oxygen isotopes and foraminiferal assemblages infer that the flowing volume of the Kuroshio was gradually increased since 19 ka associated with rising sea level. Thus we believe that emerged terrain caused by shallow sea level may be an important factor controlling the flowing path of the Kuroshio. In this study, differences of paleotemperatures and oxygen isotopes between G. ruber and N. dutertrei, surface and subsurface dweller, were decreased at the Holocene, whereas the delta values of carbon isotopes were larger meanwhile. This descrapncy implies that the East Asian winter and summer monsoons were enhanced synchronously.

East Asia has been one of the most important regions in the global economic system. In this thesis, the East Asian miracle and the success of China&rsquo / s transition are studied by overviewing the literature. The East Asian economies had experienced sustainable rapid growth from the 1960s to the end of 1990s, until the Asian crisis in 1997. China started her transition from the central planning system at the end of the 1970s. Since the transition began, China has grown at rates even higher than developed countries and she is one of the countries which survived the Asian crisis nearly without damage. Comparing these two experiences in East Asia would give an idea on the features of development in this region. The conclusion is that China shares the features of developmental state which is attributed to the miraculous East Asian economies.

In this paper, we first proposed the regional physical capital, and the regional physical capital of the importance of risk sharing. The ten countries of East Asia face the risk into international capital markets, regional physical capital, and international trade of these three risk sharing channels, and use of GDP variance decomposition method to measure the three channels risk sharing situation. The empirical results show that¡G1.East Asia regional physical capital to absorb the impact of GDP for very large. 2.International capital markets played a very small role. 3.The increasing integration of the international trade market will reduce the risk sharing. 4.The East Asian region can not spread the risks as high as 80%, but this phenomenon after the Asian financial crisis has gradually reduced its risk can not be assessed, there have been similar OECD countries only 60% of the standard. This study also explains the international trade market will result in reducing the risk of trade of the reasons for risk sharing: 1. Importers and exporters through the credit agreement will be the number of commodity prices and the sale and purchase agreement has been through pre-determined, so risk can not be assessed the situation. 2. Trade flows do not contribute to cross-country consumption smoothing, is that central bank attempt to neutralize the impact of foreign capital inflows on domestic credit market.

Bachelor thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.

Master's thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.

Master's thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.

Master's thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.

Master's thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.

Bachelor's thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.

Bachelor's thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.