Global ETD Search

1	Found Composition: Ecological Awareness and its Impact on Compositional Authority in Music Employing Electronics Kasprzyk, Cory Ryan 20 November 2017 (has links) No description available. Music Found Composition Field Recording Acoustic Ecology Soundscape Composition Ecoacoustics
2	Estimation de la diversité acoustique animale en forêt néotropicale / Assessment of animal acoustic diversity in neotropical forest Ulloa chacón, Juan 11 June 2018 (has links) La communication par émission sonore est un trait comportemental répandu chez les animaux terrestres. Les riches textures sonores de la forêt neotropicale nous suggèrent que la faune est non seulement abondante, mais aussi diverse et dynamique. Cette facette de la biodiversité peut révéler des informations précieuses sur les communautés animales qui habitent les milieux tropicaux, mais reste largement méconnue. Comment mesurer la diversité acoustique tropicale pour aborder des questions écologiques ? Dans le cadre de l'écoacoustique, nous avons cherché à révéler des structures dissimulées dans le paysage sonore de la forêt neotropicale, et tenter d’expliquer leurs présences à travers les processus écologiques sous-jacents. Tout d’abord, nous avons suivi la dynamique spatio-temporelle d’une empreinte sonore amazonienne, le chant de l’oiseau tropical Lipaugus vociferans, montrant une activité liée à des caractéristiques spécifiques d’habitat. Puis, nous nous sommes intéressés aux communautés d’amphibiens. L’analyse de variables acoustiques et météorologiques nous a permis de mieux comprendre les causes, patrons et conséquences du comportement reproductif explosif. Enfin, nous avons adapté de nouveaux outils de calcul, issus des disciplines de l'apprentissage automatique et de la reconnaissance de formes, pour proposer une analyse efficace, objective et facilement reproductible de grands jeux de données acoustiques. L’écoacoustique, renforcée par des algorithmes informatiques, émerge comme une approche clé pour les programmes de suivis de biodiversité à large échelle, permettant de mieux comprendre et valoriser la diversité de formes de vies unique abritée par la forêt tropicale. / Acoustic signalling is a common behavioural trait among terrestrial animals. The rich sound textures of neotropical forest echo that wildlife is not only abundant, but also diverse and dynamic. This facet of biodiversity can reveal valuable insights of animal communities inhabiting tropical environments, yet remains poorly understood. How to best measure tropical acoustic diversity to address ecological questions? Based on the ecoacoustic framework, we explored the soundscape of neotropical forest, revealing patterns and investigating the ecological underlying processes. First, we tracked the spatiotemporal dynamics of an amazonian soundmark, the song of the bird Lipaugus vociferans, showing activity patterns related to specific habitat features. Then, we investigated amphibian communities with very brief reproduction periods. Coupling acoustic and environmental variables, we shed light on the causes, patterns and consequences of explosive breeding events. Finally, we adapted novel computational tools from the machine learning and pattern recognition disciplines to provide an efficient, objective and replicable analysis of large acoustic datasets. Ecoacoustics, powered with computer algorithms, emerge as a suitable approach to scale-up biodiversity monitoring programs, allowing to better understand and cherish the unique diversity of life sustained by tropical forest. Suivi de biodiversité Apprentissage automatique Écoacoustique Ecologie tropicale Biodiversity monitoring Machine learning Ecoacoustics Tropical ecology
3	When Nature Calls: Acoustical Measures of Biodiversity and Naturalness in an Urban/Peri-Urban Landscape Fields, Miranda Catherine 07 1900 (has links) Urban acoustic ecology is an emerging field focused on furthering our understanding of how the sounds within urban development impact the surrounding soundscape and biodiversity. Human noise, otherwise known as anthrophonies, are known to negatively impact wildlife by impeding communication and lowering species richness. With urban population expected to grow profoundly within the next 30 years, it is critical to explore the acoustical relationship between the environment and wildlife for future management and urban development planning. I investigated how the physical landscape impacts the urban/peri-urban soundscape through acoustic indices within the greenspaces of Denton, Texas. Specifically, I found that the percentage of impervious surfaces have a significant negative impact on the coefficient of variation of the acoustic index ADI (Acoustic Diversity Index). ADI is used to calculate the occupancy of sounds within a frequency wave. Further, I investigated how the combination of landscape characteristics and acoustic indices predict avian species richness and rarity. My results show that richness and rarity was positively related to ADI; on the other hand, a soundscape with higher ADI (CV) scores, meaning consistent anthrophonies such as distance vehicle traffic, was related to higher richness and rarity. My research indicates that there is a relationship between the physical environment, ADI, and avian richness and rarity which showcases how acoustic monitoring can be a valuable tool for management and development protocols. Acoustic Acoustic Ecology Ecology Urban Ecology Ecoacoustics Biology, Ecology Biology, General
4	Využití bioakustických přístupů pro studium interakcí druhů a druhové bohatosti ptačích společenstev / Application of bioacoustic approaches in investigation of bird species interactions and community species richness Vokurková, Jana January 2021 (has links) Birdsong is one of the most fascinating communication tools in the animal kingdom, whether it is used for attracting a mate or in territory defense. In my dissertation, I present evidence that we can successfully study the role of birdsong in territorial behaviour, its seasonal variability, and ultimately its role in evolutionary processes thanks to modern bioacoustic and ecoacoustic approaches. By combining the bioacoustic approach with molecular analyses, I demonstrate that in the model system of two closely related passerine species, the heterospecific song convergence in their secondary contact zone is based on cultural transmission, and not on interspecific hybridisation and/or gene introgression. My dissertation further extends into the tropical zone, which is generally characterized by less pronounced environmental seasonality compared to the temperate zone. The study of potential seasonality in singing activity and the proportion of vocalizing species in this zone therefore requires year-round monitoring, which is possible thanks to the quite recent development of automated recording units (ARU). First, we confirmed that using ARU provides very similar estimates of community composition, species richness, and abundance to traditional field methods (point counts) in the specific conditions...
5	Bird Diversity, Functions and Services across Indonesian Land-use Systems Darras, Kevin Felix Arno 04 May 2016 (has links) No description available. 630 birds ecoacoustics sound detection space biodiversity oil palm rubber lowland rainforest jungle rubber sound transmission ambient sound level exclusion experiment bats ants functional diversity point counts passive acoustic monitoring Land- und Forstwirtschaft (PPN621302791)
6	Using Soundscapes to Measure Biodiversity, Habitat Condition, and Environmental Change in Aquatic Ecosystems Ben L Gottesman (8098112) 06 December 2019 (has links) <div>Biodiversity loss is the silent crisis of the 21st century. Human activities are drastically altering the diversity of life on Earth, yet the extent of this transformation is shrouded by our limited information on biodiversity and how it is changing. Emerging technologies may be suited to fill this information gap, and as a result increase our capacity to measure and manage natural systems. Acoustic monitoring is a remote sensing technique that is rapidly reshaping the temporal and spatial scales with which we can assess animal biodiversity. Through recording and analyzing soundscapes—the collection of sounds occurring at a given place and time—we can assess biodiversity, habitat condition, and environmental change. However, the relationships between soundscapes and these three ecological dimensions are still in the early phases of categorization, especially in aquatic systems. </div><div><br></div><div>This dissertation investigates how soundscapes can be used to measure biodiversity, habitat condition, and environmental change in aquatic habitats. It addresses several knowledge gaps: First, I develop a framework for classifying unknown sounds within a soundscape, which I use to measure the acoustic diversity and dynamics within a tropical freshwater wetland. Second, I demonstrate that soundscapes can reflect the resilience of animal communities following disturbance events. Altered soundscapes revealed that Hurricane Maria, which swept through Puerto Rico in September 2017, impacted dry forest animal communities more than adjacent coral reef communities. Third, in kelp forest habitats off the coast of California, USA, I showed that soundscape variables correlated with ecological variables associated with regime shift in kelp forests, including urchin density, kelp cover, and fish diversity. Overall, this dissertation demonstrates that soundscape recording and analysis is a promising way to assess the ecological conditions of aquatic systems. </div> Ecology Marine Biology Landscape Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Wildlife and Habitat Management Animal Behaviour Acoustics and Acoustical Devices; Waves Soundscape Acoustic Monitoring Conservation Soundscape Ecology Remote Sensing Conservation Technology Ecoacoustics Disturbance Kelp Forest Coral Reef Dry Forest Freshwater Bioacoustic Big Data
7	Soundscape dynamics in the social-ecological systems of Tierra del Fuego Dante P Francomano (9738650) 14 December 2020 (has links) <p>Human society is presently beset by an array of anthropogenic social-ecological crises that threaten the sustainability of the social-ecological systems that sustain our livelihoods. While research alone will not rectify these issues, it can help to answer key questions that must be addressed to develop effective solutions. To address such questions in a cohesive, compelling manner, social-ecological research can be bounded, structured, and distilled through innumerable organizing principles or theoretical frameworks. For this dissertation, I focused on the geographic region of Tierra del Fuego and sought to draw from the array of disciplines and methods that use sound as a lens for biological, ecological, and/or social inquiry. I also endeavored to consider various temporal, spatial, and organizational scales while investigating a selection of topics with a) specific importance in the social-ecological systems of Tierra del Fuego and b) general relevance to global social-ecological challenges. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the dissertation, and Chapter 6 serves as a conclusion.</p><p><br></p><p> </p><p>The objective of Chapter 2, “Biogeographical and analytical implications of temporal variability in geographically diverse soundscapes”, was to provide some guidance to passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) practitioners on how to design appropriate temporal sampling schemes based on the temporal variability of the sounds one wishes to measure and the power and storage limitations of acoustic recorders. We first quantified the temporal variability of several soundscape measurements and compared that variability across sites and times of day. We also simulated a wide range of temporal sampling schemes in order to model their representativeness relative to continuous sampling.</p><p><br></p><p> </p><p>For Chapter 3, “Sentinels for sentinels: passive acoustic and camera trap monitoring of sensitive penguin populations”, we tested the utility of PAM to monitor behavior and abundance of Magellanic (<i>Spheniscus magellanicus</i>) and southern rockhopper penguins (<i>Eudyptes chrysocome</i>) at different spatial and temporal scales. We conducted <i>in situ</i> observations of the acoustic behavior of each species, and we compared acoustic metrics with penguin counts from narrowly focused camera traps and larger-extent observations of colony density. </p><p><br></p><p> </p><p>Chapter 4, “Acoustic monitoring shows invasive beavers (<i>Castor canadensis</i>) increase avian diversity in Tierra del Fuego”, is focused on impacts of the invasive North American beaver (<i>Castor canadensis</i>) on Fuegian bird communities. We sought to determine how bird communities might differ between intact riparian forests, beaver ponds, and beaver meadows created by pond drainage. We conducted PAM and classic avian point counts under each of these conditions across seasons to test for differences between impact conditions and to compare the two methodologies.</p><p><br></p><p> </p>For Chapter 5, “Human-nature connection and soundscape perception: insights from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina”, we evaluated the relationship between soundscape perception and nature relatedness by conducting surveys and soliciting responses to soundscape audio prompts. We also examined the potential for any demographic influences on nature relatedness or soundscape perception in the context of local social tensions. Environmental Science Ecology Ecosystem Function Invasive Species Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Environmental Education and Extension Environmental Management Environmental Monitoring Natural Resource Management Wildlife and Habitat Management Psychology not elsewhere classified Behavioural Ecology Population Ecology Terrestrial Ecology Animal Behaviour Global Change Biology soundscape soundscape ecology ecoacoustics Tierra del Fuego Argentina Patagonia penguin beaver bird community species diversity functional diversity passive acoustic monitoring acoustic metrics acoustic indices soundscape perception nature relatedness connection to nature temporal variability survey exotic species camera trap study design temporal dynamics Spheniscus magellanicus Eudyptes chrysocome Castor canadensis biological invasion Ushuaia

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