Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-07-01T13:26:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mario GilbertoLutkemeyer Filho.pdf: 2874154 bytes, checksum: 8fa0edb73d82fc830fcca5c9e3c731b2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-01T13:26:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mario GilbertoLutkemeyer Filho.pdf: 2874154 bytes, checksum: 8fa0edb73d82fc830fcca5c9e3c731b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Nenhuma / O desenvolvimento de produto é um processo de negócio chave que contribui para a competitividade e sustentabilidade econômica de curto prazo das organizações, bem como gera impactos ao longo do ciclo de vida de produtos e processos dessa organização. Com essa percepção, abordagens ecoeficientes (Ecodesign e Design for Sustainability) e ecoefetivas (Cradle to Cradle, Ecologia Industrial, Performance Economy e Economia Circular) podem ser usadas para orientar o desenvolvimento de produtos sustentáveis. Dada a diversidade de conceitos identificados na literatura, esta dissertação propõe um modelo de avaliação de maturidade no uso de sustentabilidade no desenvolvimento de produto. O método de pesquisa foi o Design Research. Um modelo conceitual foi desenhado a partir da revisão bibliográfica, avaliado por especialistas e possibilitou a construção de um instrumento composto por questionário e escala de maturidade. O modelo de maturidade proposto foi comparado com o modelo de maturidade de Hynds et al. (2014), permitindo identificar similaridades e diferenças. Posteriormente, foi aplicado às montadoras brasileiras de veículos de passeio, em função da relevância, complexidade e impactos desse elo da cadeia de produção ao longo do ciclo de vida dos produtos. A aplicação do modelo proposto permite identificar que o setor está focado estritamente no curto prazo, com o viés para as etapas de manufatura e uso do produto. Existem barreiras de ordem estrutural (leis e políticas públicas, educação do consumidor) que desestimulam essas organizações a investirem em direção ao desenvolvimento de produtos mais sustentáveis. / Product development is a key business process that contributes to the organization’s competitiveness and short-term economic sustainability, as well as generates impacts along the life cycle of products and processes from that organization. Under this perspective, ecoefficient approaches (Ecodesign and Design for Sustainability) and ecoeffective approaches (Cradle to Cradle, Industrial Ecology, Economy and Circular Economy Performance) may be used to guide the sustainable development of products. Given the diversity of concepts identified in the literature, this dissertation proposes a model for accessing the organizational maturity level on sustainable development of products. The method used was Design Research. A conceptual model was drawn from the literature review, and assessed by experts, leading to the construction of an instrument composed by a questionnaire and a maturity scale. The proposed maturity model was compared to the maturity model of Hynds et al. (2014), allowing to identify both similarities and differences. It was subsequently applied on Brazilian light vehicles automakers, due to the relevance, complexity and impact of this production link along the life cycle of products. The application of the proposed model allows identifying that the industry is focused strictly on a short term perspective, more specifically on the stages of manufacture and use of the product. There are structural barriers (laws and policies, consumer education) that discourage these organizations to invest into the development of sustainable products.

Swedish hardwood is today used in the energy, pulp and mechanical hardwood industries. Only very small volumes of Swedish hardwood are, however, consumed by the mechanical industry that normally pays the highest timber price. The smallness of the volumes used for mechanical refinement is a result both of forestry not focusing on the production of hardwood for these uses, and of the fact that the mechanical hardwood industry, particularly the sawing industry, is not designed to process the existing raw material in an optimal manner. This thesis discusses the possibilities of improving the conditions for the mechanical refinement of hardwood. The aim of the work has been to investigate the possibilities of developing products and methods for processing of Swedish hardwood. The thesis proposes a new manufacturing system for Swedish hardwood to better utilize the inherent properties of the wood material. The system is based on the so-called PrimWood Method and the star-sawing concept. Compared to normally sawn wood, the sawing concept utilizes the raw material more efficiently with regard to volume yield, and increases the distance between knots in the sawn wood. The material produced has vertical annual rings which give the wood smaller movements as a result of moisture variations and a different textural appearance. Using the PrimWood Method for hardwood would make it possible to more closely match customer requirements regarding hardwood products. Since Swedish hardwood is nowadays mainly used indoors, a possible way of expanding the market would be to increase the outdoor use of the material. Here the durability is of great importance, and one important factor is then the capillary characteristics of the material. The thesis therefore focuses on the characterisation of the capillarity in wood for the future improvement of its durability. It is shown that with the material produced by the proposed manufacturing system, i.e. wood with vertical annual rings, the possibility of using hardwood outdoors increases, because the susceptibility to cracking decreases.